工程学科的介绍

BacktoToday’spptIntroductiontoEngineeringDefinitionsTechnologyTeamEngineeringDisciplinesatTAMUEngineeringFunctionsCareerPathsABETRequirementsEngineeringProfessionBacktoToday’spptWhatisEngineering?TheAccreditationBoardforEngineeringandTechnology(ABET)definesengineering:“theprofessioninwhichaknowledgeofthemathematicalandnaturalsciencesgainedbystudy,experience,andpracticeisappliedwithjudgmenttodevelopwaystoutilize,economically,thematerialsandforcesofnatureforthebenefitofmankind.”BacktoToday’spptWhatisEngineering?Engineeringisaprofessionlikemedicine,law,etc.thataspirestohighstandardsofconductandrecognizesitsresponsibilitytothegeneralpublic.BacktoToday’spptTechnologyTeamScientist-Likeanengineer,butaprimarygoalistheexpansionofknowledgeandunderstandingphysicalprocesses.Engineer-Appliesknowledgeofmathandthephysicalsciencestotheefficientdesignandconstructionofusabledevices,structuresandprocesses.BacktoToday’spptTechnologyTeamTechnologist-Technologistsfocusondirectapplicationofestablishedengineeringprinciplesandprocesses.Math,thephysicalsciences,andunderlyingengineeringtheoryreceivelimitedcoverage.Moreinterestedinhardwareandprocesses.BacktoToday’spptTechnologyTeamTechnician-Completesa2-yeardegreeinanarrowtechnicalareasuchaselectronics,drafting,ormachining.Artisans-Trainingmaybeacombinationofschoolingandworkexperience.Examplesinclude,welders,machinists,electricians,carpenters,painters,steelworkers,andartists.BacktoToday’spptEngineeringDisciplinesatTAMUAerospaceAgriculturalBiomedicalChemicalCivilEnvironmentalOceanComputerScienceandComputerEngineeringBacktoToday’spptEngineeringDisciplinesatTAMUElectricalandComputerEngineeringEngineeringTechnologyandIndustrialDistributionIndustrialMechanicalNuclearandRadiologicalHealthSafetyPetroleumBacktoToday’spptEngineeringDegreesAwardedbyDisciplinein1993-94.(64,946degreesawarded)Elect./Comp.33.1%Mech./Aero.27.5%Civil/Env.15.8%Ind/Man/Mgmt5.3%Other9.7%Chem./Petr.8.6%BacktoToday’spptEngineeringFunctionsThefocusofanengineer’sworktypicallyfallsintooneormoreofthefollowingareas:Research-explore,discoverandapplynewprinciplesDevelopment-transformideasorconceptsintoproductionprocessesDesign-linkthegenerationofideasandtheproductionBacktoToday’spptEngineeringFunctionsProductionandtesting-manufactureandassemblecomponentsorproductsSales-marketengineeringproductsOperations-maintainequipmentandfacilitiesConstruction-priortoconstructionorganizesbids,duringconstructionsupervisescertaincomponentsofprocessBacktoToday’spptEngineeringFunctionsManagement-optimizetheuseofresources(equipment,labor,finances)Education-teachengineeringprinciplesinuniversityandindustrialsettingsConsulting-providespecializedengineeringservicestheclients.Mayworkaloneorinpartnershipotherengineers.BacktoToday’spptWhoemploysengineers?PercentagesofEmployedEngineersbyMajorFieldsandSectorofEmployment(Basedon1988datafromWright)SectorofEmploymentAeroChemCivilElecIndMechIndustry63.374.048.969.676.775.8Self11.112.714.412.211.511.4Education3.55.03.04.93.63.9Non-profit2.41.70.51.51.71.1Fed.Govt.4.74.69.39.34.66.1Military4.30.31.30.90.30.4OtherGovt.0.41.322.11.11.40.9Other0.30.40.50.50.20.4Total100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0BacktoToday’spptCareerPathsforEngineersThereareatleastsevencareeroptionsforgraduatingengineeringstudents:1)Corporateladder2)Independententrepreneur3)Militaryorgovernment4)Engineeringandsocialserviceaboard5)Professor/engineer6)Graduateworkoutsideengineering7)AmixoffirstsixoptionsBacktoToday’spptIntroEngr6%Comm8%Socio/Hum13%Science13%Engr.Science16%Specialty26%General3%Math15%ABETEngineeringCurriculaFour-yearengineeringprogramsapprovedbyTheAccreditationBoardforEngineeringandTechnology(ABET)includesabroadrangeofcourses.BacktoToday’spptWhydoIcareaboutABETaccreditation?ABETauditsengineeringprogramsonaregularbasistoassurethattheprogrammaintainshighstandards.Havinganengineeringdegreefromafour-yearaccreditedengineeringprogramisrequiredtobecomearegisteredprofessionalengineer.AlldegreeprogramsintheCollegeofEngineeringatTAMUareaccreditedbyABETBacktoToday’spptEngineeringasaProfessionEngineeringpossessesthoseattributesthattypicallycharacterizeaprofession:Satisfiesanindispensableandbeneficialneed.Requirestheexerciseofdiscretionandjudgmentandisnotsubjecttostandardization.BacktoToday’spptEngineeringasaProfessionInvolvesactivitiesthatrequireknowledgeandskillnotcommonlypossessedbythegeneralpublic.Hasgroupconsciousnessforthepromotionofknowledgeandprofessionalideasandforrenderingsocialservices.Hasalegalstatusandrequireswell-formulatedstandardsofadmission.BacktoToday’spptProfessionalRegistrationSixstepsaretypicallyrequiredtobecomearegisteredprofessionalengineer1.GraduatefromanABET-approved(4-year)engineeringcurriculum.2.Passthefundamentalsexam(FE)or(EIT)engineerintrainingexamintheirlasttermoraftergraduation.BacktoToday’spptProfessionalRegistration3.Completeaminimumoffouryearsofengineeringpractice4.ObtainlettersofreferencesandapprovaltotakePPE5.PasstheProfessionalExam(PE)orthePrincipalsandPracticeE