F.Scott-Fizgerald-美国文学菲茨杰拉德课件

弗·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德F.ScottFitzgerald(1896-1940)LifeSt.Paul,Minnesota(1896)Princeton(1913-1917)unfinishedArmy,WWⅠ(1917)MarriagetoZeldaSayre(Mar.20,1920)remindreadersofMartinEden---SometimesIdon’tknowwhetherZeldaandIarerealorwhetherwearecharactersinoneofmynovels.我们之间的爱情像泡沫一样，美丽而虚幻。LifeZelda’sCollapse(1930)(SaveMetheWaltz)remindreadersofTheMadWomanintheAtticBornin1900,Shebecamea'roarer'ofthe1920sandmetF.ScottFitzgeraldatoneofthemanysocialdancessheattended.金风玉露一相逢，便胜却人间无数Theymarriedin1920andbeganadecadeofriotouslivinginFranceandAmerica.Zeldawasfondofwritingandlaterofdancing.纸醉金迷，浮生若梦Thecouplebecameincreasinglyeccentricanderratic;ScottbecameanalcoholicandZeldadevelopedschizophrenia.In1932ZeldabecameseriouslyillandwroteSavemetheWaltz(sixweeks)totheenvyofherhusbandwhohadbeenwritingTenderistheNight(fiveyears).Zeldadiedinahospitalfirein1947.香魂一缕随风散，愁绪三更入梦遥Life菲茨杰拉德的夫人泽尔达曾是当时瞩目的美人，为了一睹芳容，部队士兵到她家附近的大道上操练。军队飞行员也用花哨的特技飞行表演和编队低空飞行从她家上空呼啸而过，直到有个不幸的飞行员机毁人亡。而当战争结束，全城出动观看大阅兵，军警不得不在她周围拉了一道警戒线。LifeScript-writinginHollywood(1937-1940)Death(1940)consideredafailedliteraryhopeuponhisdeath,thenhisreputationsteadilyrose…众人认为纵情享乐的生活毁掉了美国文坛上冉冉升起的一颗新星，殊不知正是这样的生活才造就了这样一个他。WorksNovels:ThisSideofParadise(1920);TheBeautifulandDamned(1922);TheGreatGatsby(1925);TenderistheNight(1934);TheLastTycoon(1940)Collectionsofshortstories:FlappersandPhilosophers(1920);TalesoftheJazzAge(1922);AlltheSadYoungMen(1926);TheRoaringTwenties(喧嚣的二十年代)Economy:thrivingAmericaneconomy,growingstockmarketPolitics:womenwithrighttovote,alcoholprohibitedbyaconstitutionalamendment（宪法修正案）Art:African-AmericanformofmusicandJazz,JazzAgedubbedbyFitzgerald爵士乐打破了以往的音乐规则，正如爵士乐时代打破了以往的时代戒律。Women’sfashionsandhairstylesweredaringandrevealingduringtheJazzAge.Thiswastheearlystagesofthefeministmovementandabreakdownoftheoldmoralvalues.Lifeislikeanendlesscocktailparty…这是一个奇迹的时代，一个艺术的时代，一个挥金如土的时代，也是一个充满嘲讽的时代---thefirststepthatAmericanfictionhastakensinceHenryJames(T.S.Eliot)Content,Structure,PointofViewContentthetragedyofG’sromanceandlifeStructuretheformerfourchapters:presenttwogroups’livesrespectivelythefifthchapter:theencounteroftwogroupsthelatterfourchapters:presenttwogroups’conflictsPointofviewNick,bothinsiderandoutsiderofthestory,achievestheeffectofobjectivismThemesViolenceItismostevidentinthecharacterofTom(physicalstrength),inthecars(Rolls-Royce),intheweaponownedbyWilson(handgun).ClassItisanunusualthemeforanAmericannovel.Gtriestofakestatus(Britishshirts,Oxford),buttheclassgulffinallyseparatesGandDaisy,andunitesTomandDaisy.WWⅠItprovidesabriefperiodofsocialmobilitybetweendifferentclasses,whichquicklyclosedafterthewar.ThemesTheDeclineoftheAmericanDreaminthe1920sAmericadreamwasoriginallyaboutdiscovery,individualism,andthepursuitofhappiness.Inthe1920sdepictedinthenovel,easymoneyandrelaxedsocialvalueshavecorruptedthedream.Gisruinedbyanunworthywoman,justastheAmericandreaminthe1920sisruinedbytheunworthypursuitofmoneyandpleasure.TheGulfbetweentheEastandtheWestTheWestrepresentsthenewlyrich,whoaregaudy,ostentatiousandvulgar(G’sornatemansion,pinksuit,Rolls-Royce),yetsincereandloyal;TheEastrepresentstheoldaristocracy,whoaregraceful,subtleandelegant(Buchanans’tastefulhome,thewhitedressesofDaisyandJordan),yetcarelessandselfish.remindreadersofHenryJames’“internationaltheme”CharacterizationGatsbynotcontentwithwhathehad;心怀梦想，永不满足notafraidtobeunscrupulous;为了梦想，不择手段nothesitantforhislove为了爱情，毫不犹豫CharacterizationDaisyinspiredbyF’syouthfulromancewithChicagoheiressGinevraKingtrappedinhermarriageandlife;被优雅牢笼所困的金丝雀terriblyclever;深谙“幸福”的秘诀---that’sthebestthingagirlcanbeinthisworld,abeautifullittlefoolterriblycareless;自私自利,不顾他人CharacterizationTominspiredbyWilliamMitchell,theChicagoanwhomarriedGinevraKingspoiledinhislife;被优雅生活所宠的公子哥terriblyshameless;众人面前无耻炫耀与Myrtle的私情terriblycareless;自私自利,不顾他人CharacterizationJordaninspiredbygolferEdithCummings,afriendofGinevraKingspoiledinherlife;被优雅生活所宠的娇小姐terriblycareless;自私自利,不顾他人---Shemakessureshesurroundsherselfwithpeoplewhowon’t“crash”intoherOutlineofChapterNineNickmakesplansforthefuneral.AtG’sfuneral,threepeopleshowup.NickbreaksupwithJordan.NickmeetswithTom.NickgetsalastviewofGatsby’shouseNickmakesplansforthefuneral.DaisyandTomwentawayearlythatafternoon,andtookbaggagewiththem.MeyerWolfsheim,aso-calledclosefriendofGatsby,refusedtoattendhisfuneral.---WhenamangetskilledIneverliketogetmixedupinitinanyway.AnalysisThepoorattendanceatG’sfuneralexemplifiestheultimatefailureofGatsbytoeverachievewhathewants.Thiscanbetiedintothefinalquoteabouttryingtograspforthatgreenlight;themoreGtriestoobtain,thelessheendsupwith.AtG’sfuneral,threepeopleshowup.Nick,thegenuinefriendofGatsby’s,trulyadmiresGatsbyinsomeway.Gatsby’sfather,anaïvebelieverofAmericanDream,isstunnedbyandproudofGatsby’swealth.---Jimmywasboundtogetahead.Healwayshadsomeresolveslikethisorsomething.Owl-eyes,amanwhocametoGatsby’spartythatsummer,attendedhisfuneraloutofrespect.---Thepoorson-of-a-bitch.NickbreaksupwithJordan.NickformallyendsthingsbetweenhimandJordan,forherealizestheyhavefaithindiffe