Z-pinch-X射线时间分辨多幅图像诊断系统

151Vol.15,No.120031HIGHPOWERLASERANDPARTICLEBEAMSJan.,2003:100124322(2003)0120101204Z2pinchXX,,,,,,,,,,,(,710024):nsX,,Z2pinch:;;X;Z:TB872:AZ2pinchX,Z2pinchX,:SandiaSaturnX,(SFPHC),25m,1keV;(LFPHC),200300eV1keV,5.6mKimfol[1];MAGPIE[2],0.31mmIIpsX,0.110keV[3]nsX,Z2pinchX,,1Z2pinch,1.5MA,7080ns;X501200eV,30ns;X60kJ[4,5]1,5X(XRD),,5X[5];X,mylar;X[7]XX2,,,X,CCD,76857647mm,40mm,,2,Fig.1SchematicofthediagnosticsinthedischargechamberofQiang2Guang2I1Fig.2Conceptoftime2resolvedandenergy2resolvedimaging2X:2001211228;:2002209210:(10035020):(19702),,,,;699;E2mail:[e-mail]©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.1.53108m/s[8],118ps,1.1100eV10keV,3()[6]EXm(E)=iaiim(E)(1):EX;aii;im(E)iEX2mmylarMylar,CHO=1084,1.51.8g/cm3(1)[9,10],2mmylar,4,150300eV550eVFig.3Quantumyieldofgoldcathode3Fig.4Transmissivityof2mmylar42mmylar1.2l=[d2(1+1/M)2+k22u2/d2]1/2(2):l;d;M;k,,k=2.44;X;u(2),5.63m,1.75m,73.7,0.43,0.45(2),225eV0.1mm0.3mm,0.56mm1mm[2],2105m/s,5.5104m/s,5ns,1mm0.28mm,2300m,dU/dt,,XRDX,,,1ns5,3ns,-1500V,5ns64,,721068#,,7(a),26mm;7(b)100,24.7mm,()1.4mm,137(c)mylar,21.5mm,,20115©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.Fig.5Waveformofshutter(5ns/div)5(5ns/)Fig.6Timerelationshipoffourshutters(5ns/div)6(5ns/)X7(b)7(c),,X821072#,,t=0XRDX,4-27,-18,-511ns-27ns,,,-18ns,,0.94mm,18mm,19-27ns-18ns,107m/s,-18ns-5ns,3105m/s,,8,,,Fig.7Time2integratedimagesfromtwoimagediagnosticsofshot21068,(a)isgetfromMCPimageintensifier,itscontouris(b),(c)isrecordedbyaluminizedmylar721068#Fig.8Time2resolvedimagesofshot21072821072#121072#,21073#21074#,X,,105m/s,X1Table1Relationshipofaveragediameterandtimeshot21072shot21073shot21074time/nsdiameter/mmtime/nsdiameter/mmtime/nsdiameter/mm-271.13-171.5-221.6-180.94-71.9-122.3-52.352.704.1113.522.54.417.55.13,X,35ns,41020ns,30ns,100nsX,3011:Z2pinchX©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,,,,,,,:[1]SanfordTWL,MockRC,SpielmanRB,etal.IncreasedX2raypowergeneratedfromlow2masslarge2numberaluminum2wire2arrayZ2pinchim2plosions[J].PhysicsofPlasma,1998,5(10):37553763.[2]Aliaga2RR,LebedevSV,ChittendenJP,etal.OpticalmeasurementsofplasmadynamicsincarbonfiberZ2pinches[J].IEEETransPlasmaSci,1998,26(4):11011107.[3].II[A].[C].:1998.(ZhengZJ.ThediagnosticsforlaserdeviceofSheng2Guang2II.In:ProcConfapplicationsofnuclearfusionandplasmas.Chengdu,China,1998)[4],,,.XH21Z2pinch[A].[C].:1999.384387.(KuaiB,QiuAC,ZengZZ,etal.GaspuffZ2pinchloadofXH21generator.inProc9thconfplasmascienceandtechnology,Dalian,China,1999.384387)[5],,,.XZ2pinch[A].[C].:1999.391394.(DingZJ,KuaiB,QiuAC,etal.MethodusingvacuumX2raydiodetomeasureradiationspectrumofZ2pinch.In:Proc9thconfplasmascienceandtechnology.Dalian,China,1999.391394)[6]HenkeBL,KnauerJP,PremaratneK.ThecharacterizationofX2rayphotocathodesinthe0.110keVphotonenergyregion[J].JApplPhys,1981,52(3):15091520.[7]HeiDW,WangKL,LiuGL.X2rayspectrometerforZ2pinchplasmaradiationsource[A].In:Proc9thconfplasmascienceandtechnology[C].Dalian,China,1999.380383.[8],,,.X[J].,1995,24(6):501508.(ChangZH,ShanB,LiuXQ,etal.PecosecondX2rayframingcamerausinggatedMCP.ActaPhotonicaSinica,1995,24(6):501508)[9]SalomanEB,HubbellJH,ScofieldJH.X2rayattenuationcrosssectionsforenergies100eVto100keVandelementsZ=1toZ=92[J].AtomicDataandNuclearDataTables,1988,38(1):1197.[10]BandIM,KharitonovYI,TrzhaskovskayaMB.PhotoionizationcrosssectionsandphotoelectronangulardistributionsforX2raylineenergiesintherange0.1324.509keV[J].AtomicDataandNuclearDataTables,1979,23(5):443505.TimeresolvedX2rayimagediagnosticsystemforZ2pinchQIUMeng2tong,LVMin,WANGKui2lu,HEIDong2wei,QIUAi2ci,ZENGZheng2zhong,DUJi2ye,KUAIBin,YUANYuan,TIANHui,SUNFeng2rong,LUOJian2hui(TheNorthwestInstituteofNuclearTechnology,P.O.Box6929,Xian710024,China)Abstract:AhighspeedgatedsoftX2raymulti2frameimagediagnosticsystemwasdevelopedforQiang2Guang2Igenerator,whichwasoperatedwithapeakcurrentof1.5MAandarisetimeof80ns.Inthesystem,agatedfour2frame(35nsgate,520nssepara2tion)X2raycamera,usedinconjunctionwithasetoffilteredpinholeswasemployed.Pinholesof0.1mmand0.3mmwereused,whichgaveaspatialresolutionof0.56mmand1mm,respectively.Thepinholeswerefilteredwith2maluminizedmylar.Thesystemwassensitiveto150300eVphotonsandtothosegreaterthan550eV.FinallythelastexperimentalresultsmeasuredbythissysteminQiang2Guang2Igeneratorwerediscussed.Keywords:Framingcamera;Plasmadiagnostics;SoftX2ray;Z2pinch40115©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.