1ICHQ8,Q9,Q10人用药物注册技术要求国际协调会议BrendaUratani,Ph.D.AssistantCountryDirector(Drugs)FDAChinaOffice,Beijing1HistoryofPharmaceuticalQualityManagement药品质量管理的历史•1960’sandbefore:Reliantsolelyonqualitycontrol20世纪60年代以前:仅仅依靠质量控制–FocusedontheProductSpecification专注于产品质量标准–Defectdetectionbyendproducttesting通过最终产品测试来检测缺陷•Advantage优势–Sometimesdetectsdefects有时能检测出缺陷•Disadvantage劣势–Faultsfoundtoolate故障发现为时已晚–Oftenfails经常失败–Highcost成本高2HistoryofPharmaceuticalQualityManagement药品质量管理的历史•Early1970’s:addedqualityassurance&GMP20世纪70年代早期:增加了质量保证和GMP–Writtenprocedures书面规程–Focusonproductionprocess侧重于生产过程–Defectpreventionusingprocesscontrols通过过程控制来预防缺陷•Advantages优势–Documentedsystems书面记录的系统–Improvedquality提高了质量3ANewApproachtoRegulation一种新的监管方法U.S.FDA21stCenturyGMPinitiatives美国FDA21世纪GMP动议•Processanalyticaltechnology(PAT)过程分析技术(PAT)Processunderstanding过程的理解–Controlin-processratherthanend-producttesting对过程进行控制,而非对最终产品进行检测–Minimizerisksofpoorquality质量低劣风险最小化–Identifytheparametersthatarecriticaltoproductquality确定对产品质量关键的参数•Measuretheseparameters测量这些参数•Controltheseparameters(feedback,feedforward)控制这些参数(反馈、前馈)4PharmaceuticalQualitySystem药品质量体系5ICHQ8,Q9,Q10Aharmonizedpharmaceuticalqualitysystemapplicableacrossthelifecycleoftheproductemphasizinganintegratedapproachtoqualityriskmanagementandscience开发一个和谐完整的制药质量体系,该体系强调风险管理与科学一体化,并贯穿于整个药品生产周期–Q8,pharmaceuticaldevelopment药物开发–Q9,qualityriskmanagement质量风险管理–Q10,pharmaceuticalqualitysystem药品质量体系6FlexibleRegulatoryApproach灵活的监管方式•Regulatorsevaluaterisk,basedon:监管机构在以下基础上评估风险:–Productandprocessdesign(Q8)产品和工艺设计(Q8)–Measurestoevaluateandmanagerisks(Q9)评估和管理风险的措施(Q9)–Qualitysystemimplementation(Q10)实施质量体系(Q10)•Regulatorsdetermineriskandmodifylevelofoversightaccordingfor:监管机构确定风险以及调整管理水平是根据:–Submissions提交资料–Post-approvalchangereview批准后变更回顾–GMPinspectionsGMP检查7ICHQ8“PharmaceuticalDevelopment”“药物开发”8Q8deliverables交付•Productqualityandperformanceachievedandassuredbydesignofeffectivemanufacturingprocesses产品的质量及性能是由产品的有效设计及生产工艺的有效性来实施和确保的•Productspecificationsbasedonmechanisticunderstandingofhowformulationandprocessfactorsimpactproductperformance产品标准是建立在对配方及产品性能的工艺影响因素等机械原理理解的基础之上•Anabilitytoaffectcontinuousimprovementandcontinuous“realtime”assuranceofquality达到持续改进及不断的实时质量监控的能力9Q8Concepts概念•Informationfrompharmaceuticaldevelopmentstudiesisthebasisforriskmanagement(usingQ9)药物开发研究过程中所获得的信息是风险评估的基础(用Q9)。–Identifycriticalparameters,whichcarryrisk识别有风险的重要参数•Thisassessmenthelpsdefinethe“designspace”这项评估有助于定义“设计空间”–Multidimensionalcombinationandinteractionofinputvariables(e.g.,materialattributes)andprocessparametersthathavebeendemonstratedtoprovideassuranceofquality已被证明可以保证质量的输入变数(如原料)和工艺参数的多维结合及其相互作用。10ICHQ9“QualityRiskManagement”“质量风险管理”1112Q9OverarchingPrinciples总体原则•“Theevaluationoftherisktoqualityshouldbebasedonscientificknowledgeandultimatelylinkbacktotheprotectionofthepatient;and评估质量风险应基于科学知识并最终同对病人的保护联系起来。•Thelevelofeffort,formality,anddocumentationofthequalityriskmanagementprocessshouldbecommensuratewiththelevelofrisk.”投入的努力程度、管理的正式程度及文件管理水平应与风险水平相适应。13Q9’sSampleProcess示例流程RiskReviewRiskAssessmentRiskEvaluationunacceptableRiskControlRiskAnalysisRiskReductionRiskIdentificationReviewEventsRiskAcceptanceInitiateQualityRiskManagementProcessOutput/ResultoftheQualityRiskManagementProcessRiskManagementToolsRiskCommunication启动质量风险管理风险鉴定风险分析风险评估风险评估风险质量管理的效果/结果风险降低风险接受风险控制事件审核风险交流风险管理工具不合格14Concept:LinkBacktoPatientRisk理念:与患者风险相联系Process工艺Materials物料Design设计Manufacturing生产Distribution销售Patient患者Facilities厂房Opportunitiestoimpactriskusingqualityriskmanagement使用质量风险管理影响风险的机会15QRMandtheDesignSpace质量风险管理(QRM)和设计空间Whatisthechance(probability)of“fallingoutside”ofthedesignspaceperunittime?每单位时间里,“超出”设计空间的几率/可能性是多少?Riskanalystsestimateprobabilitiesofbeingoutside(orinside!)ofdesignlimits,givenvariousscenarios.在不同情况下,风险分析师评估了在设计范围之外的(或在之内!)的概率。Designparametersandtheirintersectionina“designspace”concept“设计空间“概念下的设计参数及其相互作用v1v2v3designspace设计空间16“Systems”thinkingandmethods!•Asystematicprocessfortheassessment,control,communicationandreviewofriskstothequalityofthedrugproductacrosstheproductlifecyle.质量风险管理是对药品质量风险进行评估,控制,交流和审查的系统过程,这一过程贯穿药品整个生命周期。QRM:AnotherSystemsApproachQRM:另一种系统方法“系统”的思维和方法17SeverityandProbabilityRisk严重程度和概率风险IncreasingSeverityofHarm/Consequence危害/后果严重程度的递增IncreasingProbabilityofOccurrence发生概率的递增LowRiskMediumRiskHighRiskRiskManagementTools风险管理工具•FailureModeEffectsAnalysis(FMEA)失效模式及影响分析(FMEA)•FailureModeEffects&CriticalityAnalysis(FMECA)失效模式、影响及危害性分析(FMECA)•FaultTreeAnalysis(FTA)故障树分析(FTA)•HazardAnalysisofCriticalControlPoints(HACCP)危害分析和关键环节控制点(HACCP)•RiskRankingandFiltering风险分级和过滤•Supportingstatisticaltools支持统计工具18ICHQ10“PharmaceuticalQualitySystems”“药品质量体系”19Objective目的•Amodelforaneffectivequality一个有效质量体系的模型managementsystem管理体系–Ensurestherealizationofaqualitydrugproduct确保实现药品的质量–Establishesandmaintainsastateofcontrol建立和维护一个受控状态–Facilitatescontinualimprovementovertheproductlifecycle促进在整个产品生命周期内的持续改进20Content内容1.PharmaceuticalQualitySystem药品质量体系2.ManagementResponsibility管理职责3.ContinualImprovementofProcessP