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LyleF.Bachman:Bachman::/,LyleF.Bachman,,,(ILTA),,,,(damen),talConsideratlon:inLanguaaeting,Lad(1990)1991Midenberger(l61),Bachman,,Halli-(aninteraetionalapproaehtoIanguatesday(1976)ting)Skehan(l991),Hymes(1972)(BusinessEnhCertcate),(1990,1991),,,1991,,(Clark,1975)(thedeeeofauthentieity),zk,CanaleSwain(1980),:(1)Bachma;(2);(3)(4)19951(101),:,Bach-man(1990,1991)(communieativelanguageabili-ty,CLA),(CLA),(capa-eity),(languageknowledge)~4IJ(metaeognitivestrate-gies)(),,(orgonizationalknowlodge)(Pragmatieknowledge)(),(grammatialknow-ledge)(textualknowledge),(semantiekoowled;e)(funetionalknowledge)(soeiolinguistieknowledge);;;,,}Bachman(CLA)lBachman,,,,,,2.1Bhman,()()2.2Bachman(strategiecomPetence),:(assessmentstrategies)(goalsettingstraties)(Planningstrategies)(exe-cutionstrategies),,,,,,,,,:1.,,,,;2.;3.Bachman,,,,:(l);(2);(3);(4);(5),,,,,:1.;2.;3.,:1.;2.;3.,,(),,Bachman,(interaetionalauthentieity),(involve-ment):1.;2.:(psyehoPhysiologieal)(reeeptive),,,,,,,(Baehman,1991),Baehman,,,,,,,,,:,;,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,(Baehman,1985,HanBaoeheng,1992),(facets),Bachman,:(l),(),()(2),(3),(4),:(l),(2)),,,,(3),,?,,:(l),(2)()(3)(4)()(5)(6),()(,,),,(,,):(l)()(2)(,)(3):(l)(reeiPr()cal)_,(2)(nonreeiproeal),(3)(ad-tive),,1984Spolsky(1985):()?(di-rectness),,,,,,,,,Ba-chman(1991):(sit,ationalat,thenti-city),,,,,,(BEC),,,(involve),,(interaetion)Bachman,,,,,BEC,,,,,,,,,():l)2)3),4)Bachman,,,,,,(underlying),,,Baehman,L.F.1985.Perforroaneeonelozetestswithflxedratioandlationaldeletions.)OLQuarterlx.19,3.Bachman,L.F.1990.Fundaentaleonsl6lera-tionslnlangagetest9.oxford:oxfordUniversityPress.Baehman,L.F.1991.Whatdoeslanguagetes-tinghavetooffer.EOLQarterly.25,4.Baehman,L.F.&Savignon,5.1986.Theev-aluationofeommunicativelanguageProfi-eiency:AcritiqueoftheACTELora!in-terview.,rnLangagejoal70,4.Canale,M,&Swain,M.1980.Theoreticalba-sesofcommunicativeaPProaehestoseeondlanguageteachingandting.liedtIcs.l,1.Clark,J.L.D.]975.TheoreticalandteehnicaleonsiderationsinoralProficieneytesting.InJones,R.L.andSPolsky:Testjglan-gPrcy.Ar[ington,Va.:CenterforAppliedLinguistics.Halliday,M.A.K.1976.Theformofafune-tionalgrarnnar.InG.Kress(ed.):lli-:systenandFunctioninLal7guOxford:oxfordUniversityPres3.HanBaocheng,1992.AeomParativestudyoffourelozemethods.UnPublishedMAthe515.BeijingForeignStudiesUniversity.Hyms,D.H.1972.oneonlrnunicativecomPe-tenee.InPrideJ.B.andnolmesJ.(eds.):SoeIOliguistics.Harmondsworth:Penguin.Lado,R.1961.LaggeTesti9.NewYork:MeGraw~IJill.Skehan,P.1991.Progreinlanguagetesting:the19905.InAlderson,C.andNorth,B.(eds.):Laetestiinthe19905.Lon-donandBasingstoke:MaemillanPublishersLimited.SPolsky,B,1985.ThelimitofauthenticityinLanguageTesting,Lae7eting.2,1.::1994810;,19941125100081