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12011年河南大学研究生英语复试真题（与2010卷基本重复）一、单选：为2010年河南大学英语复试真题单选原题（20分）二、完型：为2010年河南大学英语复试完型填空原题。（20分）三、阅读：passage1和passage2为2010年河南大学复试真题前两个阅读(后两篇阅读理解如下)passage3（2011年英语考研真题）Theroughguidetomarketingsuccessusedtobethatyougotwhatyoupaidfor.Nolonger.Whiletraditional“paid”media–suchastelevisioncommercialsandprintadvertisements–stillplayamajorrole，companiestodaycanexploitmanyalternativeformsofmedia.Consumerspassionateaboutaproductmaycreate“owned”mediabysendinge-mailalertsaboutproductsandsalestocustomersregisteredwithitsWebsite.Thewayconsumersnowapproachthebroadrangeoffactorsbeyondconventionalpaidmedia.Paidandownedmediaarecontrolledbymarketerspromotingtheirownproducts.Forearnedmedia，suchmarketersactastheinitiatorforusers‘responses.Butinsomecases，onemarketer’sownedmediabecomeanothermarketer’spaidmedia–forinstance，whenane-commerceretailersellsadspaceonitsWebsite.Wedefinesuchsoldmediaasownedmediawhosetrafficissostrongthatotherorganizationsplacetheircontentore-commerceengineswithinthatenvironment.Thistrend，whichwebelieveisstillinitsinfancy，effectivelybeganwith2retailersandtravelproviderssuchasairlinesandhotelsandwillnodoubtgofurther.Johnson&Johnson，forexample，hascreatedBabyCenter，astand-alonemediapropertythatpromotescomplementaryandevencompetitiveproducts.Besidesgeneratingincome，thepresenceofothermarketersmakesthesiteseemobjective，givescompaniesopportunitiestolearnvaluableinformationabouttheappealofothercompanies’marketing，andmayhelpexpandusertrafficforallcompaniesconcerned.Thesamedramatictechnologicalchangesthathaveprovidedmarketerswithmore（andmorediverse）communicationschoiceshavealsoincreasedtheriskthatpassionateconsumerswillvoicetheiropinionsinquicker，morevisible，andmuchmoredamagingways.Suchhijackedmediaaretheoppositeofearnedmedia：anassetorcampaignbecomeshostagetoconsumers，otherstakeholders，oractivistswhomakenegativeallegationsaboutabrandorproduct.Membersofsocialnetworks，forinstance，arelearningthattheycanhijackmediatoapplypressureonthebusinessesthatoriginallycreatedthem.Ifthathappens，passionateconsumerswouldtrytopersuadeotherstoboycottproducts，puttingthereputationofthetargetcompanyatrisk.Insuchacase，thecompany‘sresponsemaynotbesufficientlyquickorthoughtful，andthelearningcurvehasbeensteep.ToyotaMotor，for3example，alleviatedsomeofthedamagefromitsrecallcrisisearlierthisyearwitharelativelyquickandwell-orchestratedsocial-mediaresponsecampaign，whichincludedeffortstoengagewithconsumersdirectlyonsitessuchasTwitterandthesocial-newssiteDigg.51.Consumersmaycreate“earned”mediawhentheyare（D）[A]obscssedwithonlineshoppingatcertainWebsites.[B]inspiredbyproduct-promotinge-mailssenttothem.[C]eagertohelptheirfriendspromotequalityproducts.[D]enthusiasticaboutrecommendingtheirfavoriteproducts.52.AccordingtoParagraph2，soldmediafeature(A)[A]asafebusinessenvironment.[B]randomcompetition.[C]strongusertraffic.[D]flexibilityinorganization.53.TheauthorindicatesinParagraph3thatearnedmedia(C)[A]inviteconstantconflictswithpassionateconsumers.4[B]canbeusedtoproducenegativeeffectsinmarketing.[C]mayberesponsibleforfiercercompetition.[D]deserveallthenegativecommentsaboutthem.54.ToyotaMotor‘sexperienceiscitedasanexampleof(B)[A]respondingeffectivelytohijackedmedia.[B]persuadingcustomersintoboycottingproducts.[C]cooperatingwithsupportiveconsumers.[D]takingadvantageofhijackedmedia.55.Whichofthefollowingisthetextmainlyabout？(A)[A]Alternativestoconventionalpaidmedia.[B]Conflictbetweenhijackedandearnedmedia.[C]Dominanceofhijackedmedia.[D]Popularityofownedmedia.Passage4(2002年考研真题)Ifyouintendusinghumorinyourtalktomakepeoplesmile,youmustknowhowtoidentifysharedexperiencesandproblems.Your5humormustberelevanttotheaudienceandshouldhelptoshowthemthatyouareoneofthemorthatyouunderstandtheirsituationandareinsympathywiththeirpointofview.Dependingonwhomyouareaddressing,theproblemswillbedifferent.Ifyouaretalkingtoagroupofmanagers,youmayrefertothedisorganizedmethodsoftheirsecretaries;alternativelyifyouareaddressingsecretaries,youmaywanttocommentontheirdisorganizedbosses.Hereisanexample,whichIheardatanurses'convention,ofastorywhichworkswellbecausetheaudienceallsharedthesameviewofdoctors.AmanarrivesinheavenandisbeingshownaroundbySt.Peter.Heseeswonderfulaccommodations,beautifulgardens,sunnyweather,andsoon.Everyoneisverypeaceful,politeandfriendlyuntil,waitinginalineforlunch,thenewarrivalissuddenlypushedasidebyamaninawhitecoat,whorushestotheheadoftheline,grabshisfoodandstompsovertoatablebyhimself.Whoisthat?thenewarrivalaskedSt.Peter.Oh,that'sGod,camethereply,butsometimeshethinkshe'sadoctor.Ifyouarepartofthegroupwhichyouareaddressing,youwillbeinapositiontoknowtheexperiencesandproblemswhicharecommontoallofyouandit'llbeappropriateforyoutomakeapassingremarkabouttheinediblecanteenfoodorthechairman'snotoriousbadtasteinties.Withotheraudiencesyoumustn'tattempttocutinwithhumorastheywillresentanoutsidermakingdisparagingremarksabouttheircanteenor6theirchairman.YouwillbeonsafergroundifyousticktoscapegoatslikethePostOfficeorthetelephonesystem.Ifyoufeelawkwardbeinghumorous,youmustpracticesothatitbe