上游式尾矿库渗流及静动力稳定分析

专业学位论文（工程硕士）上游式尾矿库渗流及静动力稳定分析张壮工程领域：建筑与土木工程指导教师：胡再强教授申请日期：2014年2月分类号UDC密级学号1108520778上游式尾矿库渗流及静动力稳定分析张壮西安理工大学摘要I论文题目：上游式尾矿库渗流及静动力稳定分析学科专业：建筑与土木工程研究生：张壮签名：＿＿＿＿＿指导教师：胡再强教授签名：＿＿＿＿＿徐政高工签名：＿＿＿＿＿摘要尾矿库是一种特殊的工业构筑物，它的服务期也是整个尾矿库的施工期。随着我国经济的持续发展，对矿产资源的需求也日益增多，由于尾矿库具有其特殊的工作性质，如若失事必将给国家、人民造成巨大的损失。目前，在我国现有的尾矿库中，有85%以上的尾矿库是采用上游式堆坝方法填筑的。上游式尾矿库虽然有工艺简单、运行成本低的优点，但相对于其他方法，上游式尾矿库浸润面较高，地震时容易引起液化，从而降低坝体的稳定性。因此研究上游式尾矿库的安全影响因素有着重要的意义。本文以四方金矿尾矿库为基础，探讨有关上游式尾矿库关键技术的问题。首先对尾矿试样进行了物理力学性质试验：颗粒分析实验、比重试验、渗透试验、压缩试验、固结排水剪切试验和固结不排水剪切试验。确定了各种尾矿的力学参数，为后续的数值计算提供土性参数。研究坝体浸润线的影响因素对坝体的安全稳定有着重要的意义。首先，本文通过改变坝体各层尾矿的渗透系数，分析了尾矿的渗透特性对渗流的影响规律。其次，尾矿库的山体形式对浸润线也会产生影响，在坝顶宽度保持不变的情况下，建立不同边坡和不同初期坝宽度下的三维有限元计算模型，通过与二维模型计算结果的对比，分析岸坡坡度和初期坝宽度对浸润线的影响规律。考虑到坝体的整体稳定性，上游式尾矿库的初期坝大多是修建在稳定基岩上的。但在特殊情况下，当为软弱基础时，就必须采取措施。四方金矿尾矿库的初期坝是建立在已闭库的原尾矿库尾砂面上，本文通过对碎石桩加固前后坝体的静、动力稳定性计算，得到了静力作用下的位移场和应力场，动力作用下的动剪应力场、加速度场和孔压比场等，并对其进行评价。关键字上游式尾矿库；浸润线；渗透系数；碎石桩；固结度；静动力稳定分析西安理工大学专业硕士学位论文IIAbstractIIITitle：UPSTREAMTAILINGSPONDSEEPAGEANDTHESTATICANDDYNAMICSTABILITYANALYSISMajor：ARCHITECTUREANDCIVILENGINEERINGName：ZhuangZhangSignature：＿＿＿＿＿Supervisor：Prof.ZaiqiangHuSignature：＿＿＿＿＿SeniorEngineer.ZhengXuSignature：＿＿＿＿＿AbstractTailingspondisaspecialkindofindustrialstructure,anditsserviceperiodisalsotheconstructionperiod.WiththesustainabledevelopmentofChina'seconomy,thedemandformineralresourcesisalsoincreasing.becausethetailingspondhasitsspecialnatureofwork,ifitcrashwillcausegreatlosstothecountryandpeople.Atpresent,Therearemorethan85%oftheexistingtailingsdamistousethemethodoftheupstreaminourcountry.Althoughupstreamtailingspondhastheadvantagesofsimpleprocessandlowrunningcost,comparedwithothermethods,theupstreamtailingspondinfiltrationsurfaceishigherandeasytocauseearthquakeliquefaction,thusreducethestabilityofthedam.Therefore,researchonsafetyfactorsaboutupstreamtailingshasimportantsignificance.Inthispaper,onthebasisofsifanggoldminetailings,discussesontheproblemofkeytechnologyoftheupstreamtailingspond.First,therearetestedasfollows:particlesizeanalysistest,specificgravitytest,permeabilitytest,compressiontest,consolidationdrainedsheartestandconsolidatedundrainedsheartest.Determinethemechanicalparametersofvarioustailingsandprovidesoilparametersforsubsequentnumericalcalculations.Researchontheinfluencefactorsofseepagelineonthesafetyofthetailingsdamstabilityhasimportantsignificance.Firstly,bychangingthepermeabilityofeverylayertailingsdamanalyzetheinfluencetoseepagelineofpermeabilitycharacteristics.Secondly,theterrainchangeswillhaveanimpactontheseepagelinetothetailingspond.Underthecrestwidthremainsunchanged,establishthree-dimensionalfiniteelementmodelsofdifferentslopeanddifferentwidthinitialdam,andanalyzetheinfluencetoseepagelineoftheslopegradientandwidthinitialdambycomparingthecalculationresultswiththetwo-dimensionalmodel.Consideringtheoverallstabilityofthedam,theinitialdamoftheupstreamtailingspondmostlybuiltonstablebedrock.However,inspecialcircumstances,whenthefoundationisweak,西安理工大学专业硕士学位论文IVitmusttakemeasures.TheSifanggoldmineinitialdamisbasedontheoriginaltailingspondwithweakfoundation.Thisarticlethroughtocalculatestaticanddynamicstabilityofthedamonbeforeandafterreinforcefoundationbyreplacegravelpile,obtaineddisplacementfieldsandstressfieldsunderstatic,dynamicshearstressfieldaccelerationfieldandporepressureratioyardsunderthedynamic,andevaluated.KeywordsUpstreamtailingspond;Seepageline;Permeabilitycoefficient;Gravelpile;Degreeofconsolidation;Staticanddynamicstabilityanalysis目录I目录摘要.........................................................................................................................................IAbstract...................................................................................................................................III1.绪论...........................................................................................................................................11.1引言.................................................................................................................................11.2尾矿的分类及其处置方式.............................................................................................21.2.1尾矿及其分类......................................................................................................21.2尾矿库的形式及尾矿坝的堆筑方式.............................................................................31.2.1尾矿库的类型......................................................................................................31.2.2尾矿坝的堆存方式..............................................................................................31.3尾矿库的国内外研究现状.............................................................................................61.3.1国外研究现状......................................................................................................61.3.2国内研究现状......................................................................................................61.4本文研究目的和研究内容.............................................................................................71.4.1本文研究的必要性.......