1ACCOUNTING会计英语赵睿琪TEL:13971203287Email:375575813@qq.com学习会计英语的方法1记忆专业词汇记忆专业词汇是学习会计英语的必经之路,没有一定的词汇量,就无法读懂专业英语,专业词汇的记忆中以会计科目的记忆为主。以美国为代表的财务会计特点中会计科目名称多具有情景反映的,即在字面上直接涉及经济业务的内容,比如购买土地、设备、建筑物等固定资产在会计上就直接记Land、Building、Equipment但在中国则是直接归结计入一个会计科目中“FixedAssets2掌握阅读翻译技巧学习会计英语的目的是要理解英文专业文献的内容,掌握专业英文知识要点,能在以后的工作或者学习中熟练运用英汉两方面的专业知识。要达到这个目的,就需要理解长句、难句和抽象的句子,学会总结归纳各断落的大意。分析长难句的方法:(1)找出句子的主谓宾,从整体上把握句子的结构。(2)找出句中所有的谓语动词、非谓语动词、不定式结构和从句的引导词,分析该句表达了几个层次的意思。(3)分析从句和短语的功能。(4)按汉语的表达习惯,将长句的从句分开叙述,然后连成一个完整的句子。Accountanthavedevisedprocedureswherebytheflowsofcashreceiptsandpaymentarespreadoveraperiodoftimeinacertainwaytoderiveincome,whichisrepresentativeoftheeconomicperformanceofthefirmforthegivenperiod.(1)主语为Accountant谓语为devised宾语为procedures(2)该句有三个谓语动词,谓语动词分别为devised、arespread、is,有1个不定时结构toderiveincome作目的状语。(3)非限定性定语从句whichisrepresentativeoftheeconomicperformanceofthefirmforthegivenperiod修饰income(4)该句表达了四层意思:会计师制定了一些程序;将现金收支分配于一定期间;以某种方式确定收益;代表企业特定期间的经营成果。会计师制定了一些程序,据此将现金收支分配于一定期间,以某种方式确定出收益,该收益代表这个企业特定期间的经营成果。3加强练习,巩固知识要真正掌握会计英语知识、从而达到熟练的程度,练习环节是必不可少的。通过练习可以牢记专业词汇,而且对于用规范的格式书写会计业务、填制会计表格,都有帮助。相关知识链接:1、会计基本职能是什么?核算和监督2、核算的具体内容是什么呢?记录企业的交易事项(TransactionsandEvents)3、这些交易事项的依据是什么?原始凭证(sourcedocuments)原始凭证的分类:销售订单采购订单收货单发货单发票收据SalesorderPurchaseorderGoodsreceivednoteGoodsdeliverynoteinvoicereceiptPracticeinchina:Vouchers:ReceiptvoucherPaymentvoucherTransfervoucherTheruleofdoubleentry复式记账原理SourcedocumentsAccountingbookkeepingAccountantspreparingaccountingentryDoubleentry?会计等式TheAccountingEquation:Assets=liabilities+owner'sequity(capital)Thepurposeofownerinvestinabusinessisseekingforreturnprofitorlossledgeraccounts(会计账户)Assetaccount:CurrentassetandNon-currentassetCashCashinbankInventoryAccountsreceivablesFixedassets......Liabilityaccounts:Short-termliabilitiesandLong-termliabilitiesShort-termloansAccountspayablesSalariespayablesTaxpayables......Equityaccounts留存收益Retainedearnings本年利润Currentyearprofits利润分配Profitdistribution......Costaccounts生产成本Costofmanufacture......ProfitandLossaccounts主营业务收入Primeoperatingrevenue产品销售收入Salesrevenue服务收入Servicerevenue主营业务成本Operatingcosts产品销售成本Costofgoodssold服务成本Costofservice......Howtopreparingaccountingentry?ABCcompanypurchasedequipmentforcashat$30000.DescriptionledgeraccountDebitamountCreditamountPurchasedequipmentEquipment30000Cash30000小贴士:在中国,会计科目(chartofaccount)几乎都是固定的,而在大多数西方国家,每个企业都有自己的会计科目,这个会计科目是在其适用的报告准则框架范围内自主设定的。补充:在求职英文简历中如何运用相关专业词汇ResumeCurriculumvitae(CV)如何正确表达以下词汇呢?初级会计师中级会计师高级会计师Accountingbookkeeper记账员Juniorstuffaccountant初级会计职员Professionalaccountant职业会计师Seniorprofessionalaccountant资深职业会计师课堂小练习(翻译以下内容)初级会计职员的工作内容如下:1.编制会计分录2.开销售单据3.应收账款催收及查对4.银行余额的调节5.成本核算和成本差异调整6.税务申报7.存货管理8.明细账查对Forajuniorstuffaccountant,yourworkas:1.Preparingaccountingentries2.Customerbilling3.ARcollectionandreconciliation4.Bankreconciliation5.Costaccountingandcostvarianceadjustment6.Taxreturn7.Inventorycoordination8.Accountsreconciliation24Lesson1AnIntroductiontoAccountingObjiectivesUnderstandaninformationsystemofaccountingApplygenerallyacceptedaccountingprinciples(公认会计准则的运用)Understandfinancialstatements(理解财务报表)Usetheaccountingelements(会计要素的运用)Usetheaccountingequation(会计等式的运用)AccountinginformationTheaccountingprocessDecisionmakersEconomicactivitiesActions(decisions)Accountingthinksdecisionmakerswitheconomicactivitiesandwiththeresultsoftheirdecisions.1.1Accountingisaninformationsystem26Firstidentifyeconomicevents(确认经济事项)Thenmeasuring(计量),recording(记录),summarizing(汇总),andreportingtheinformationtousersusers:Investors(投资者)Creditors(债权人)Government(政府)Labourunions(工会)Generalpublic(普通大众)1.2FormsoforganizationSoleproprietorship(独资企业)Ownedbyoneperson.Ownerispersonallyresponsibleforbusinessdebts.Partnership(合伙企业)Ownedbytwoormorepersons.Partnersarepersonallyresponsibleforallpartnershipdebts.Corporation(公司)Ownedbysharesofstock.Acorporationisaseparatelegalentity.Itisresponsibleforitsowndebts.281.3FrameworkforPreparationandpresentationoffinancialstatementsDifferentcountrieshavedifferentaccountingmodelsbecauseoflegalandeconomicconditionsWeneedaglobalaccountinglanguageforthecommunicationofrelevantandreliablefinancialinformation.IASC国际会计准则委员会–since1973IASB国际会计准则理事会–since2001291Objectivesoffinancialstatementsandunderlyingassumptions(财务报表的目标和基本假设)2Qualitativecharacteristicsoffinancialstatements(财务报表的质量特征)3Elementsoffinancialstatements(财务报表要素)4Conceptsofcapitalandcapitalmaintenance(资本以及资本保值的概念)31Someaccountingconceptsandprinciples:Businessentityprinciple(会计主体)Objectivityprinciple(客观)Costprinciple(历史成本原则)Going-concernprinciple(持续经营原则)Monetaryunitprinciple(货币计量原则)Timeperiodprinciple(会计分期)Revenuerecognitionorrealizationprinciple(收入确认原则)Matchingprinciple(配比原则)Full-disclosureprinciple(充分披露原则)Consistencyprinciple(一贯性原则)Materialityprinciple(重要性原则)Conservatismprinciple(谨慎性原则)321.4Understandingfinancialstatementsa)Theincomestatementsummarizesnetprofit(ornetloss)resultingfromrevenueslessexpenses.b)Thestatementofowner’sequityre