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摘要-I-题目：偏置型抽油机设计摘要随着工业化与城市化脚步的加快，能耗问题日益凸显，尤其是石油行业，因此节能降耗成为了各行各业所关心的话题。当前，传统的常规游梁式抽油机凭借其简单的四连杆机构、方便的安装与维修以及较低廉的成本仍然是各大油田的主流机型，占有非常重要的地位，但是其在运行过程中平衡效果比较差，电机平均负载率较低，能耗问题比较明显。因此发展新型的节能型抽油机是今后采油工业的首要任务。抽油机是构成采油设备重要组成部分。在抽油机驱动下，带动其它设备运转，实现油井的机械式开采。本文分析了游梁式抽油机实际使用存在高能耗、低效率的问题和各种新型节能抽油机的研究现状。通过与现役主要类型抽油机的结构方案对比分析，对新型传动抽油机进行结构方案设计，确定了新型传动抽油机的结构方案，解决了游梁式抽油机高能耗、低产出等缺点。偏置型抽油机是在常规型抽油机基础上发展的，通过对曲柄的改造和尺寸的优化获得。本文介绍了偏置型抽油机工作原理、节能原理以及设计过程。首先，根据已知的参数，对抽油机的连杆机构在几何、运动、和动力学进行了系列的分析与计算，阐述了这种设备的运动规律。其次、对抽油机进行了工艺参数计算和主要部件材料的强度校核分析，及对配套设备，如电动机、减速器的分析与选用，说明了该型设备在性能方面同其它种类设备的差异。最后，进行工况分析和结构草图设计。关键词：偏置型抽油机；曲柄；强度；特性Abstract-II-Title：DesignofAPISeriesPumpingUnitAbstractWiththeacceleratedpaceofindustrializationandurbanization．energyissuesbecomeincreasinglyprominent，especiallyintheoilindustry,SOenergysavinghasbecomeatopicofconcerninallwalksoflife．Currently,traditionalpumpingunitisstillthemainstreamoilextractionequipmentandoccupiesaveryimportantpositionbecauseofitssimplestructure，convenientmaintenanceandlowcost．Butduringoperation，poorbalance，lowloadrateandenergyconsumptionisaseriousproblem．Therefore，thedevelopmentofenergy-savingpumpinguintistheprimarytaskoftheoilindustryinthefuture．Thepumpingunitsareoneofimportantpartsinexploitationequipments。Drivingbythepumpingunits,theotherequipmentsarerunninginordertoachievethemechanizedexploitationoftheoilwell.Thepaperanalyzestheproblemsoflowefficiencyandhighenergyconsumptionofbeampumpingunitandtheresearchstatusofnewtypeenergy-savingpumpingunit.Throughcomparativeanalysiswiththestructuralschemeoftheactivemaintypesofpumpingunitsandmakingstructuraldesignofnewtransmissionpumpingunit,determinesthestructureprogramofthenewtransmissionpumpingunitandsolvetheshortcomingsofenergyconsumptionandlowefficiencyofthebeampumpingunit.Theunusualsharpbeam-pumpingunitisdevelopedfromtheconventionalbeam-pumpingunitsbythemodificationofcrankandtheoptimizationofsize。Inthisarticle,workingroutineandpower-savingtechnologyoftheunusualsharpbeam-pumpingunitswillbeintroducedandthedesigningprocedure,First，serialgeometriccalculationmovementcalculationanddynamiccalculationof4-barrodofpumpunitwerefinishedaccordtoknowndesigndataanddesignstandardtoexpresslawofmotionofthiskindofequipment。Second，processparameterwascomputedintensityofessentialpartswascheckedandtheselectionofcorrelatingequipments,suchaselectro-motorandreducinggearbox,sumupthecharacteristicintheperformance.Theend,workingconditionwasanalyzedandsketchwasdesigned.Keywords：Unusualsharpbeam-pumpingunits；Crank；Strength；Characteristic目录-III-目录摘要............................................................................................................................IAbstract.......................................................................................................................II第1章绪论.................................................................................................................11.1选题背景........................................................................................................11.2研究目的及其意义........................................................................................21.3国内外现状和发展趋势与研究的主攻方向................................................21.4游梁式抽油机节能技术分析和指导思想....................................................31.5方案论证........................................................................................................31.6偏置型抽油机工作原理与节能原理.............................................................41.6.1工作原理.............................................................................................41.6.2偏置型游梁抽油机特点......................................................................51.6.3节能原理.............................................................................................5第2章抽油机的尺寸规划及结构.............................................................................62.1驴头................................................................................................................72.2游梁................................................................................................................82.3横梁及连杆....................................................................................................92.3.1横梁的结构.........................................................................................92.3.2连杆.....................................................................................................92.4曲柄平衡装置................................................................................................92.5减速箱..........................................................................................................102.6刹车机构......................................................................................................102.7支架..............................................................................................................112.8底座..............................................................................................................122.9皮带传动装置...........................................................