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第一单元：A.purposesB.secureC.howeverD.convinceE.projectF.failureG.unfamiliarH.furthermoreI.communityJ.appreciateK.expertL.appropriateM.conveyedN.engagedO.assureTobeasuccessfulspeaker,itisessentialforyoutoknowwhyyouarespeakingandwhatyouwishtoaccomplishbyyourspeech.Thefourmostcommon1____A___ofspeecharetoinform,toconvince,tomovetoaction,andtoentertain.Doyou,likeateacherora/an2____K___inafield,wishtomakeyourideascleartopeople3____G___withyoursubject?Or,likeadebater,wishtoconvincethejudgesortheaudience?Or,likeafundraiserforanaturalistfoundation,wishto4____B___donationsorcollectcash?Orlikeacomedianoranafter-dinnerspeaker,wishtoentertain?Thelanguageandtonethatyouusemustbe5____L___foryoupurpose,foryouraudience,andfortheoccasion.Aspeechtothegraduatingclasswillhavequitedifferentlanguage,tone,andmannerofpresentation,forexample,frominformation6___M____toagroupofyourfriends.7____H___,nomatterhowtalentedthespeakeris,atalkwithoutadequatepreparationisusuallya8____F___.Tospeakwithoutpreparingistoshootwithouttakingaim.Decidewhatyouraimorobjectiveis;thenstateitinacompletetopicsentencesuchas“Mypurposeisto9___D___theclassthatcatsaswellasdogsshouldrequirelicensesinour10___I____.”Makesurethatyoursubjectisdefiniteandnottoobroad.Thenyoushouldwriteanoutlinebeforeaddingdetailstoit.1.Theyarebusy,oftenstressedout,anddon’tliketowaitandtheyeat,talk,walk,anddrivefast.2.Ifyourecognizeyourself,youshouldremembertoslowdownandtakemoretimeforeverything.3.Theymightseemunfriendlyanddifficulttogetalongwith.4.Someonewhoisasweetheart,ateamplayer,orapeoplepersonmayhaveaTypeBpersonality.5.PeoplewithTypeApersonalityworkhardtosucceedandtogetwhattheywant.6.AstheoppositeofTypeApersonality,theTypeBpersonalityiseasygoing,patient,andfriendly.7.Weshouldlearntoliveinthepresentandstopworryingaboutthefuture.8.PeoplewithTypeBpersonalityareabletorelaxandhavefunandtheyliveamorebalancedlife.5-1-3-6-8-41.许多人认为国际旅游对经济发展有积极作用。(produce…effecton)Manypeoplebelievethatinternationaltourismproducepositiveeffectsoneconomicgrowth2.高年级学生可以与新生一起分享他们的经历：如何克服遇到的困难，如何适应新的环境。(adjust…to)Theseniorandjuniorstudentscouldsharetheirownexperienceabouthowtoovercomethedifficultytheyhaveevermet,howtoadjusttothenewenvironmentwiththenewstudents.3.该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了(Itistime…,concerned,takesteps)Itistimetheauthoritiesconcernedtookproperstepstosolvethetrafficproblems.4.现在，越来越多的人认识到法制教育的重要性。(beawarethat…,beof…)Todayanincreasingnumberofpeoplehavebeenawarethatlaweducationisofgreatimportance.5.应该鼓励年轻人和他们的同龄人交往，发展他们的交际能力。(communicatewith…)Youngpeopleshouldbeencouragedtocommunicatewiththeirpeersanddeveloptheirinterpersonalskills.第二单元：A.raisingB.riskC.physiologicallyD.effectE.mentallyF.distinctG.averageH.constantI.addsJ.pregnantK.educatingL.suppressM.nervesN.relativeO.adaptsMotherswhohavecomplainedthroughthecenturiesthattheirsonswillbethedeathofthemmayberight—astudypublishedinthejournalScienceshowshavingboysshortensawoman’slifespan.Eachsontakesa(n)1___G__of34weeksoffawoman’slifespan,evolutionarybiologistSamuliHelleandcolleaguesattheUniversityofTurkufound.Ontheotherhand,havingdaughters2___I__,butonlyveryslightly,toawoman’slifespan.HelleandcolleagueslookedatbirthandmarriagerecordsofSamiPeople（居住在北欧拉普兰地区的人）from1640to1870.“Ourresultssuggestthatgivingbirthtosonshadahigher3____N___long-termsurvivalcostformothersthangivingbirthtoand4__A___daughters,”theywrote.Therecouldbebiologicalreasonsforthis.Studiesshowboysare5__C___moredemandingtoproduce—theygrowbiggerandfasterinthewomb（子宫）,andsomestudiesshowittakesawomanlongertoget6___J__againafterhavingasonthanafterhavingadaughter.Testosterone（睾丸激素）producedbythefetus（胎儿）could7__L___themother’simmune（免疫的）systemandperhapsmakehermorereliable（易受影响的）todisease.TherecouldbegeneticorsocialdifferencesamongtheSami,whoare8___F__fromtheirFinnishandSwedishneighbors,Hellesaid.Buthedoesnotthinkso.“Thereisnoreasontobelievethatthis9___D__wouldbeonlyvisibleinSamipeople,”hesaid.“Generally,boysgetontheirmother’s10___M__morethangirlsbecausetheyarerunningaround.Ontheotherhandgirlsaremorewillingtohelptheirmothers.”1.SoagonyadvisorKristysays:“Donotsufferinsilence.”2.Thegoodnewsisthatdepressioncanbesuccessfullytreated.3.Itcanmakeithardtocopewithday-to-dayliving.4.Nearlyeveryonemoansaboutbeingdepressed,afterabaddayatschool.5.Depressionisontheincreaseinteenagers,andsuicideinteenboysissoaring.6.Atitsmostsevere,itcanevenleadtosuicide.7.Ifyounoticeafriendsufferinginsilence,encouragethemtotalk.8.Butrealdepressionisaseriousconditionthatcanlastforages5-1-4-8-3-61.据报道，有人设计出新型电脑游戏，不会对儿童行为有任何负面影响。（bereportedthat…,have…influenceon…）Itisreportedthatnewvideogameshavebeendesignednottohavenegativeinfluenceonkids’behaviorinanyway.2.当意识到所有现有的机器已被新的设计所取代时，校领导发起脾气来。（loseone’stemper,bereplacedwith…）Theheadoftheschoollosthistemperwhenherealizedthatalltheexistingmachinehadbeenreplacedwithnewdesigns.3.史蒂文听说他对新项目的提议被当成荒谬之词而遭到断然否决，十分恼火。（beupsettodo…,berejectedas…）Stevewasveryupsettohearthathisproposalforthenewprojecthadbeenrejectedasridiculous.4.现代社会的孩子很难想像一个没有电视和电脑的时代。（finditdifficulttodo…,conceiveof）Themodernchildfi