搜索
★★★★★五星级名校冲刺第一品牌Believeinyourself!一对一个性化学科优化学案一、概述在复合句中具有名词的性质的作主语、表语、同位语、宾语的从句叫名词性从句。因此，我们把主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和宾语从句这四种从句统称为名词性从句。ItisafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(主语从句)Thetroubleisthatshehaslosthisaddress.（表语从句）Theyhavenoideaatallwherehehasgone.（同位语从句）Doyourememberhowhecame?（宾语从句）二、主语从句(subjectclauses)1、概述在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有从属连词、关系代词、连接副词等。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词that、whether，关系代词：who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever；关系副词：when,where,how,why,however,whenever,wherever等。Thatyoudon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.Whathesaidistrue.Whetherthefootballgamewillbeplayeddependsontheweather.2、从属连词that，whether引导的主语从句。从属连词that，whether在主语从句中的作用只是引导主语从句，它们在从句中不担任成分，不能省略。Whethershewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.Thattheywillgoiscertain.Whethershe'scomingornotdoesn'tmattertoomuch.3、it作形式主语引导主语从句。如果主语从句太长，为避免句子结构头重脚轻，我们可用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后。That引导的主语从句可用it代替，that不可省略。用作it作形式主语的结构：（1）Itis/was+形容词+that从句It’snaturalthat…很自然……It’sobviousthat…显而易见……（2）Itis/was+名词+that从句It’sapitythat…遗憾的是……It’safactthat…事实是……鹰击长空—基础不丢★★★★★五星级名校冲刺第一品牌Believeinyourself!（3）It+不及物动词+that从句Itseemsthat…似乎……Itturnsoutthat…结果……（4）Itis/was+过去分词+that从句It’sreportedthat…据报道……It’sbelievedthat…据认为……Itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake.It'sstrangethathedidn'tcomeyesterday.4、由关系代词引导的主语从句。关系代词who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever等，引导主语从句时，它们分别在从句中担任主语、宾语或定语，不能省略。Whoeverleavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.Whatyouhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.Whathesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.Whomadethelongdistancecallisnotimportant.5、关系副词引导的主语从句。连接副词有when,where,why,how,however,whenever,wherever等引导主语从句时，它们在从句中担任状语，不能省略。此类主语从句可以转换为以it作形式主语的句子。Whyhedidn'tcomehereisnotcleartoanyone.Whereshehasgoneisnotknownyet.Whentheywillstarthasnotbeendecidedyet.三、表语从句1、概述用作表语的从句叫作表语从句，它位于主句中的连系动词之后。引导表语从句的词有从属连词that、whether、asthough(if)；关系代词who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever等；关系副词when,where,why,how,however,whenever,wherever等。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。That引导表语从句时，在口语中可以省略。Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.ThatiswhystonewallsareusedinsteadoffencesaroundNewEnglandfields.Atthattime,itseemedasifIcouldn'tthinkoftherightwordanyhow.2、由从属连词that，whether引导的表语从句。that在引导表语从句时无词义，而whether有词义，意为“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如question(问题)，result(结果)，chance(可能性)，suggestion(建议)，idea(想法)，reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化。Thetroubleis(that)shehaslosthismoney.Thequestioniswhetherweneedmoreicecream★★★★★五星级名校冲刺第一品牌Believeinyourself!3、由关系代词引导的表语从句。关系代词who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，关系代词不能省略。Thequestioniswhichofusshouldgo.Theproblemwaswhocoulddothework.That'swhatheisworryingabout.4、由关系副词引导的表语从句。Goandgetyourcoat.It'swhereyouleftit.Thatishowmiceruinmanystoresofgraineveryyear.5、由连词because，asif/asthough等引导的表语从句。Itlookedasifitwasgoingtosnow.That'sbecauseweneverthoughtofit.四、同位语从句1、概述用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在抽象名词fact，idea，news，belief，thought，truth，doubt，suggestion，instruction，reason，question等之后，对这些名词进行说明或解释。引导同位语从句的词除连词that，whether外，还有关系代词what,which,who,以及关系副词how，when，where，why等。Itisafactthatsmokingisadangertohealth.Ihavenoideawhatyoumean.2、由从属连词that，whether引导的同位语从句。Informationhasbeenputforwardthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.Ididn'treceivethenewsthatthemeetinghadbeenputoff.我没有听到会议被推迟的消息。3、由关系代词引导的同位语从句。Thequestionwhoshouldbethefirsthasnotbeensettled.Youcanhavenoideawhathesaid.4、由关系副词引导的同位语从句。Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.Theyusuallywriteexactinstructionshowthemusicistobeplayed.五、宾语从句(objectclauses)★★★★★五星级名校冲刺第一品牌Believeinyourself!1、概述用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句的位置与陈述句基本结构中的宾语相同。宾语从句可以由从属连词thatwhether、if，关系代词what,who,whose,which和关系副词when、where、how、why等引导。Hesaidhewantedtogototown.Ihopeyou'llbebettersoon.Heaskedmewhethershewascoming.2、作动词宾语（1）由从属连词that引导的宾语从句。that引导宾语从句时，只起引导词作用，在句中不做成分，在口语和非正式文体中常省去。Ithink(that)he'llberightinafewdays.Iwish（that）shewouldunderstandme.（2）由关系代词what,who,whose,which引导的宾语从句，在句中作成分，即主语、宾语、表语和定语，关系代词在句中不能省略。Acomputercanonlydowhatyouhaveinstructedittodo．Doyouknowwhomtheyarewaitingfor?Heaskedwhosedictionaryitwas.Hecan'ttellwhichmethodtheywillusefortheexperiment.（3）关系副词when，where，how，why等引导宾语从句。关系副词when，where，how，why既有疑问意义，又起连接作用，而且在宾语从句中充当各种状语，分别表时间、地点、方式、原因。在句中不能省略。Pleasetellmewhenweshalldiscussourplan.Idon'tknowwherewearegoingtohavethemeeting.WillyoutellmehowIcangettothestation？Doyouknowwhyhesaidthat?（4）由从属连词whether或if引导的宾语从句。Idon'tknowwhether(if)youarewillingtohelpme.我不知道你是否愿意帮我。（5）动词+间接宾语+宾语从句。动词如：advise,ask,inform,promise,question,remind,show,teach,tell,warn等，宾语从句前可以有一个间接宾语，这个宾语有时可以省略，有的不能省略。Hehasinformedmewhentheyaretodiscussmyproposal.(me不可省略)Shepromised(us)thatshewouldgiveusmorehelplateron.(us可省略)3、作介词宾语Itdependsonwhetherheiscomingornot.Iwascuriousastowhatwecoulddonext.4、作形容词宾语。★★★★★五星级名校冲刺第一品牌Believeinyourself!Noonecanbesurewhatmanwilllooklikeinamillionyears．IamnotcertainwhetherIhavemethimbefore.5、it充当形式宾语，真正的宾语---宾语从句后置。正如我们常用it充当形式主语代替主语从句一样，我们也常用it用作形式宾语代替宾语从句，把真正的宾语从句后置。在这种结构中that不可省略。有下列几种情况：（1）在believe,conside