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AABBAA**AAtsvss===10034003.v=st=1.410ms=1.410ms4310=1503cm=50cm=0.5cm=vf=10ms100Hz=0.1mv=TT=v=6m15m=0.4sst=sv=12m344ms=0.035st=sv=24m+24m+12m344ms=0.174s112214=vf=340ms400Hz=0.85m40854=.m0.21m=vf=1450100m=14.5mt=svt=sv1122tttsvsv=-=-2121vvssvt122=-v=3409319313402.5m=3.910ms13-st=svt=sv1122tttsvsvsvv=-=-=-21212111()s=tvvtvvvvkmkm().....11591379137312211212-=-=-=f=1060Hz=16Hzv=f=16ms=2.7ms16aTTTT42434b5cm1434Ta10-10T424T10-1134T10-12b1015cm34TT=0.4s=vf=0.4mt=0.1sQ14t=0.2s()n+14v=(n+14)=(n+14)=20(n+14)ms=(20n+5)mstt(n+34)v=(n+34)=(n+34)=20(n+34)ms=(20n+15)msttv=f=vf=0.8mSP=14()A=A12++AAA22122cosΔφ=φφφπλ21212-+-()rrφφπλφ21=Δφ=2(rr)=(2k1)(k=012)21122cm2ffvuvufvuvufvuvuvu=+-=+-=++-011012120112121111121()()()()v=vcosvu1()vu12f=f2f00vu1f=ff=2f=2fD000vuvu1cosθd=ut2D(B)(A)(A)(A)(A)(A)(A)(A)(A)(B)(A)(A)(A)(A)nmMmolmol==××=--1010321003133.m=MNm=MN0A0A=××=×′′=××=×----3210602105321021060210033103232632326....kgkgkgkgN=Mm=6.0210molA0231=----12101995102261..molnmM=V=VN=5.710m=5.710m083303××--101022.t=0.20ghcΔt=×××=×-02010204210951033...R=RRI=12IxgxgΔtUmcmvmc==×××=××××××××=-212222220050080052005008005121040105010.........2412mvvmvmv=(mm)v122112′′′=+vmmmv11212(mm)v122′U=12mv(mm)v=12mvv=12m121221221121212122122′++mmmmmmv=0.5(600)J=8.8510J2300530053..×+=mghUIt=1400101220352=91××××R=QI=0.572t=×14003522shs=hsin30vxyg==×20420810..m/s=1m/sv=m=2+1.0101m/s=201m/s12+××--mmv2221010.U=12mv(mm)v22122′12t=0.50Um=0.50201=77.32Δc××××-1010131022..dQT0∫*******131414=F2l=WSΔΔ=WSΔΔ(A)(A)(B)(B)(A)(A)**3=C()pVTpVppVT111222=pVTpVT111222=n=mMV=PP=2.010.=200L2126VL15101010T=PPT2211T=1.0108.010273K=341.3K254V=TTV=400300=1.310m221123101023.--mV=pTpTV212211V=1.0101.01020L=1883L275273290V=ppV2121TT21V=1.5102000.8105m=6.25m25533300p=VVp=2.52.01.010Pa=1.2510Pa212155pV=mMRTm=pVRTMm=2.0103210kg=2.3710kg612310831400333---.pV=mMRTm=pVRTMmT1TV=pVp=1.0105L=50L2112610105.21212112110===mVmVVVmVpMRTVMRT==-=m=2804108.31300kg/m33=pMRT=4020108.31300kg/m=3.210kg/m3343--B=ppsB=pp=100%=70.4%s121017051033..B=pp=1.40210100=60s32338103.pTpT1122=p=TTp2211p=2432911.510Pa1.2510Pa277pVTpVT111222=V=pTpTV=1.15102731.01310289100L21221175V=pTpTV=6.010290101.010277cm=63cm2122115533V=TTV=480288V=1.67V221111mm21=VV=11.67=60%12pVT=C()C1V=C=CV=CC=C()22PTC=CC=C()33VT′′′p=VV=809018YPa=16YPa212p1n=pVRT=6.5101.0108.31300mol=2.610mol4512---V=ppV=1.31032L2121710106.V=416L32L=384L2V=384Lp=1.010Pa262V=ppV=1.0101.010384L=3840L323265V=RTpVVTpTpABAABB===200100200300131VVpV=mMRTpV=mMRTpTpV=mMRTpp1Vp(105Pa)1.681.261.010.840.780.70VAm31.201.602.002.402.602.90VBm32.002.703.304.004.304.80pV(1.013105PaL)p(1.013105Pa)H2N2O2110020050010001.00001.06901.13801.35651.72001.00000.99411.04831.39002.06851.00000.92650.91401.15601.73551.00000.97301.01001.34001.9920110(A)(A)(A)(A)(B)(A)(B)(A)(B)(B)(A)(B)(B)(A)(A)(B)(A)(A)(B)(A)(A)(B)(A)(A)**2Fq3E=FqE=kQr21U=WqqABAB2U=ABABφφU=ABABφφ3C=QU5C=S4kd12F=kQQr122b12c14F=kQQr=9.010N=7.210N122940102010019926...---F=kQQr=9.010N=2.310N12292(.)(.)16101010192152--F=kQQkQQr=kQ(1r)=9.010(4.010)12232222129122rrN1222221101102--⎡⎣⎢⎤⎦⎥-(.)(.)FkQQr9.010N=8.610N122911401060100511112...---F=kQQr=9.010N=3.610N1229(.)(.)101005112212--E=Fq=3.0105.010NC=6.010NC44--9E=kQr=9.0102.010(0.3)NC2982-E=kQr=9.0101.610NC2919--(.)5310112E=kQr=9.0104.010NC9.010NC1112983-(.)022E=kQr=9.0108.010NC=8.010NC2222983-(.)032g=GmF=Gtan30=mgtan30=1.0109.8N=5.6610N--2233E=FQ=5.66102.010NC=2.810NC286--U==Wq=810=210ABAB72φφ----4109VVU==210VBABA2φφ(5)AB=800V=200VABφφW=q()ABABφφE=Ud=9000010Vm=9010Vm..4C=S=r=r=2(310-49010F=25F=25pF2229..444210102311kdkdkd)--C=Q=401-20F=210-F=210-F.893UCdd4C14Q=CUUCQ14a=Fm=qEm=qUmdvt2=2ad=2qUmE=12mv=qU=21610-90J=2910-Jkt21917..12mv=qU2m=(mv)=(1210-22kg=2510-kg22126...2161090219qU)-ϕϕeHϕtanϕ=vv=atv=qUmv0002ldtantanϕϕeH=mm1840HetantanϕϕeH=112mv=qU(1)21U2ϕtan()ϕ=qmv2ldU22tan()ϕ=2dU1lU23(3)mqϕke=mv=2Er22krr2E=ke=90102310-J=2210-Jk291118...216105192r().-QABU==ABφφABWq=1510V=75VABAB.--792010.φφQBCU==Wq=BCBBCφφC4010V=200V.CB--792010.φφACU==UU=(75200)V=125VACABBCφφACφφCAE=UdC=QUE=QCd=V/m=410V/m561015101108103---.F=F=kQQx11x2F=F=k9QQ(x)22x2lF=F=k9Q3322lkQQx=9kQ=9Qx(1)x22222llQx9kQQ(x)=9kQ=Q(x)(2)x22222llllQxx==044m=01m..l4Q=9Q(0104)=916x2..Qtan=00220=001...q()F=qE=qUdq=FdUnUe=qe=FdUe=mgdtan=45()=1810()10.......109801001151016103419--qEd=12mv02E=mv2qd=672N/C=2510N/C023.....()102210321002275219--aEqm=t=va=v=222s=1810-s006.mEq....1067105103210527319--ABdAφU==φφφBAF=Eq=qUd=qdφa=Fm=qmdφd=12at2t=2da=2mqdφl=vt=2mqφdvS==2mdq22lv2φy=12gt(1)2a=qEmqmx=12at=12(qEm)t(2)22yx=mgqE=(mq)(gE)xy=(mq)(gE)x=(110-)(10)5cm=100cm55104(Lehmicke)(Hersh)(Ballou)1090⎧⎨⎪⎩⎪6535⎧⎨⎩Exlon()CaMgPbAlMnZnCdCr7030⎧⎨⎩5050⎧⎨⎩3070⎧⎨⎩1090⎧⎨⎩CoNiCuHijexPtAuφφMP-MPφφMPMPPMMPEdEdEdEdEd-==-==---∫∫∫∫∫lllll()()((-=-+-∫∫∫EdEdCEdlll)C)Cφφ=∫MEdlφπεπε=-+=+=+∫∫EdCqrdrCqrCl1414020r=rr=r=000φπεCqr=-1400φπε=-141100()rrr==0C=00∞=φφπεqr40φπεπεπε=+=+====∑∑∑141414010101()qrqrqrCCqriiiipiniiniipinφπεπεπε=+=+=∫∫∫∫1411141141000()QQpQQprdqrdqrdqCrdqφ∞=0r12rφφφφ∞∞=0(3)=0=0=0φ=0qφπε=140qrφφ=0=0∞(A)(A)(A)(A)(A)(B)(A)(B)(B)(A)(A)(B)(A)n=qe=1.010()19=-16161019