中国文化1原修改未删减版

1AGLIMPSEOFCHINESECULTURE中国文化概况2Overview概述3学习目标了解中国的各种国家标志；掌握中国地理、历史、人口、民族、政治体制、经济的基本概况;能够用英语介绍自己的国家。41Lead-inActivity2ASketchofChina3Discussion&PresentationOverview55Lead-inActivityWatchthisvideo.Whatwouldyousayifyouareaskedtogiveavoiceover（画外音）foritinEnglish?Watch&Think61Lead-inActivity2ASketchofChina3Discussion&PresentationOverview771NationalSymbols2Geography4People5PoliticsASketchofChina3History6Economy8NationalSymbolsNationalDayNationalFlagNationalEmblemNationalAnthemNationalCapital9NationalSymbols1stOctoberinmemoryofthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina(PRC)on1October1949.NationalDay10NationalSymbolsChinaNationalDay’sParadeUptonow,14NationalDaymilitaryparadeshavebeenheldPurpose:todisplaytheprofoundachievementsaccomplishedintheconstructionofthePLA;toshowcasethenewspiritsofPLAmilitaryofficersandsoldiers.11NationalSymbolsFlag-raisingCeremonyatTian'anmenSquare12NationalSymbolsNationalFlagSymbolicmeaning:Theredcolouroftheflag:revolutionTheyellowcolourofthestars:thegoldenbrilliantraysradiatingfromthevastredlandThedesignoffoursmallerstarssurroundingabiggerone:theunityoftheChinesepeopleundertheleadershipoftheCommunistPartyofChina(CPC)13NationalSymbolsNationalEmblemElements:patternsoftheNationalFlag,theTian’anmenGate,acogwheelandearsofgrain.Symbolicmeaning:itsymbolizestheNew-DemocraticRevolutionoftheChinesepeoplesincethe4MayMovementin1919andthebirthofNewChinaunderthepeople’sdemocraticdictatorshipledbytheworkingclassonthebasisoftheworker-peasantalliance.14NationalSymbolsNationalAnthemMarchoftheVolunteersMusic:byNieErLyrics:byTianHanPurpose:TohonourthosewhowenttothefronttofighttheJapaneseinvadersinnortheastChinainthe1930sItwasofficiallyadoptedastheNationalAnthemofthePRCon4December1982bytheNationalPeople’sCongress.15NationalSymbolsNationalCapitalBeijingThenation’spoliticalcentreChina’seconomic,scientific,cultural,andeducationalheartFamousforitsmanyplacesofhistoricinterestandscenicbeauty,liketheForbiddenCity,theTempleofHeaven,theSummerPalace,theMingTombs,theBadalingsectionoftheGreatWall,etc.161NationalSymbols2Geography4People5PoliticsASketchofChina3History6Economy17LocationandBoundaryTopographyRiversandLakesClimateGeography18GeographyLocationandBoundary19GeographyWhat’sthelocationofChina?IntheeastoftheAsiancontinent;OnthewesternshoreofthePacificocean;alandareaofabout9.6millionsquarekilometres;thethirdlargestcountryintheworld,nextonlytoRussiaandCanada.20GeographyWhatarethefeaturesofChinesetopography?•acountryofvariedtopographicalfeatures•withhighlandsinthewestandplainsintheeast•Theterraindescendsfromthewesttoeastlikeafour-stepstaircase.21GeographyQinghai-TibetPlateauinSouthwestChina(above4000m)InnerMongoliaPlateau,theLoessPlateau,theYunnan-GuizhouPlateau,theTarimBain,theJunggarBasinandSichuanBasin(1000m-2000m)TheNortheastPlain,theNorthChinaPlainandtheMiddle-LowerYangtzePlain(500-1000m)Thecontinentalshelf22Geography•Chinaaboundswithrivers.•MostofthelargerivershavetheirsourceontheQinghai-TibetPlateau,anddropgreatlybetweensourceandmouths.•Chinaisrichinwater-powerresources,leadingtheworldinhydropowerpotential.•China’sriverscanbecategorisedasexteriorandinteriorsystems.RiversandLakes23GeographytheYangtzeRiver•thelongestriverinChina(6,300km)•flowsthrough11provinces,autonomousregionsandmunicipalities•oneofthemainarteryofwatertransportationbetweeneasternandwesternChinaRiversandLakes24GeographytheYellowRiver•China’ssecondlongestriver;(5,464km)•Themostheavilysilt-ladenriverintheworld•ItscatchmentareaisanimportantbaseforgrainsinChina.RiversandLakes25GeographytheGrandCanal•alsocalledJinghangCanal(1,801km)•wasopentonavigationover1,000yearsago;•passesthroughonecity,fourprovincesandlinksfivemajorrivers.RiversandLakes26GeographyClimateMostofChinaliesinthenorthtemperatezonewarmclimateanddistinctiveseasonscontinentalmonsoon(季风)climatewinter:coldanddrywintersandgreattemperaturedifferencebetweennorthernandsouthernChinasummer:overallhightemperatureandplentifulrainfall,andlittletemperaturedifferencebetweennorthernandsouthernChina27Geography281NationalSymbols2Geography4People5PoliticsASketchofChina3History6Economy29HistoryAnoutlinehistoryYuanmouManandPekingManTheAncientPeriodTheModernTimes30HistoryYuanmouManandPekingMan•YuanmouMan,wholived1.7millionyearsago,isthefirstprimitivemanknowntohaveexistedinChina.•PekingMan,whoexistedmorethan400,000yearsago,couldwalkupright,makeandusesimpletools,andmakeuseoffire.31HistoryTheAncientPeriod•Whyarewecalled“thedescendantsofYanandHuang(炎黄子孙)”?Chinesehistorybeganwithtwolegendaryfigures—EmperorHuangandEmperorYan,who,togetherwiththeirtribes,inhabitedthedrainageareaalongthemiddlereachesoftheYellowRiver.Consequently,theChinesepeopleusuallycallthemselves“thedescendantsofYanandHuang”.32HistoryTheAncientPeriodFeudalSociety(封建社会)Thefirstunited,centralized,multi-ethnicfeudalmonarchyistheQindynastyestablishedbyYingZheng.slavery(奴隶制)beganduringtheXiadynastythethreesagekings:Yao,ShunandYu33HistoryTheModernPeriodBeganwithTheOpiumWar(鸦片战争)From1840Chinagraduallybecameacount