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初中宾语从句：第一讲导入：（在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语）Ikowntheman.（而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语）IknowthatthemanisapolicemanThemanisapoliceman.1.基本概念宾语：动作的承受者从句：主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句：是主从复合句的一种。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语2.考试题型：宾语从句是中考的重点语法项目，其主要的考试形式出现在“选择填空和短文改错”中。3.引导词：(1)由从属连词that引导的宾语从句:e.g.Ihear(that)hewillbebackinanhour.注：that在句中无词义，在从句中不能充当句子成分，在口语中往往被省略。(2)由疑问代词who,whom,whose,which,what和疑问副词where,when,why,how引导的宾语从句:e.g.1)Doyouknowwhosebookitis?（谁的，作定语）2)Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?（为什么，作状语）3)Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.（谁，作主语）注：这些连词既有词义又充当句子成份。(3)由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句:if/whether引导宾语从句表示“是否”之义，在句中不充当句子成份。e.g.Iwanttoknowif/whethersheisright.Theydidn’tknowwhetherTomcouldcomebackornot.Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.If与whether的区别（1）与ornot连用只能用whetherEg:Idon’tknow_____hewillcomeornot.（2）介词后只能用whetherEg:Idon’tcareof______heishandsome.（3）与todo不定式连用只能用whetherEg:Hewondered______tostayherethenextweek.（4）当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导Eg:____hewillcomeisnotdecided.三、宾语从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.CanyoutellmehowIcangettothezoo?Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.四、宾语从句种的时态变化Ihear(that)Jimwas(be)aworkertwoyearsago.Jimis(be)anEnglishteachernow.Jimwillcook(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jimissinging(sing)apopularsongnow.Jimhasbeen(be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jimwasplaying(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.Jimhadlearned(learn)1000Chinesewordsbytheendoflastsemester.Hesaidwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.A.soon.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.Hetoldme(that)summerisafterSpring.Iwastold(that)thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.Myparentstoldme(that)nonewsisgoodnews.1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）一、三类词引导的宾语从句：从属连词that疑问词：8个“W”,1个“H”从属连词whether/if二、宾语从句的语序三、宾语从句的时态1.Idon'tknow_________hewillcometomorrow._________hecomes,I'lltellyou．A.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;If2.Idon'tknow_________thedayaftertomorrow.A.whendoeshecomeB.howwillhecomeC.ifhecomesD.whetherhe'llcome3.Couldyoutellme_________thenearesthospitalis?A.whatB.howC.whetherD.where4.Couldyoutellme_________theradiowithoutanyhelp?A.howdidhemendB.whatdidhemendC.howhemendedD.whathemended5.Iwanttoknow_________.A.whomisshelookingafterB.whomsheislookingC.whomisshelookingD.whomsheislookingafter6.Doyouknowwhere_________now?A.helivesB.doesheliveC.helivedD.didhelive7.Doyouknowwhattime_________?A.thetrainleaveB.doesthetrainleaveC.willthetrainleaveD.thetrainleaves8.Idon'tknow_________.Canyoutellme,please?A.howthetwoplayersareoldB.howoldarethetwoplayersC.thetwoplayersarehowoldD.howoldthetwoplayersare9.Thesmallchildrendon'tknow_________.A.whatistheirstockingsinB.whatisintheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockingsinD.whatintheirstockings10.Ican'tunderstand_________.A.whatdoesChristmasmeanB.whatChristmasdoesmeanC.whatmeanChristmasdoesD.whatChristmasmeansII.按要求转换句型。1.DoesMr.BrownenjoylivinginChina?Couldyoutellus?（改写句子）→Couldyoutellus_________Mr.Brown_________livinginChina?2.Doesthegirlneedanyhelp?”heaskedme.（变为复合句）→Heaskedme_________thegirl_________somehelp．3.Jimisnotastudent.Tomisnotastudent,either.（合并为一个句子）_________Jim_________Tomisastudent.4.Whendoesthetrainleave?Iwanttoknow.（改为含宾语从句的复合句）Iwanttoknow_________thetrain_________.5.Theywenthomeaftertheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.(用not．．．until改写)They_________gohome_________theyhadfinishedtheirhomework．6.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.(改为含宾语从句的复合句)LiLeiwantstoknow_________Peter_________hereyesterday.宾语从句专项训练参考答案：I.1—5DDDCD6—10ADDBDII.1.if／whether;enjoys2.if／whether;needed3.Neither;nor4.when;leaves5.didn't;until6.whether;came