Lecture10-跨文化课件

Lecture11TimeasCommunicationNon-verbalCommunicationgesturesuseoftimeeyecontactconversationalsilencefacialexpressionsspacekeeping/touch……HowcanNonverbalhelpVerbalCommunication?RepeatingComplementingContradictingRegulatingSubstitutingNonverbalnormsarelearnedinchildhoodandhardtobearticulatedverbally.Sometimestheyarenoticedonlywhenbroken.NonverbalcommunicationandInterculturalCompetenceMembersofacultureusetheirnormstodetermineappropriatenonverbalbehaviorsandthenmakenegativejudgmentsabouttheother’sfeelings,motives,intentionsandactiveness.out-of-awarenesscultural-specificSpaceandCommunicationverbalkinesicscommunicationnon-verbalproxemicsparalanguageInlearningthisunit,wehopeyouwillbeabletoanswer:WhydoAmericanspaymoreemphasistofuture?WhydoChineseliketoaddresstheirsuperioras“old”？（e.g.老王，老刘,etc）IspayingavisittoouracquaintancehalfanhourearlythanscheduleconsideredpolitenessinAmerica?TherearesimilaritiesaswellasdifferencesbetweenWesternersandChineseasregardstheirviewstowardstime.Lead-inPointoutthesimilarities.Remember,thattimeismoney.——本杰明·富兰克林(“AdvicetoaYoungTradesman”)一寸光阴一寸金，寸金难买寸光阴。What’sAmericans’attitudeagainstpastandfuture?Americahasalwaysbeenthelandofthefuture.Welefttheoldworldbecauseitspreoccupationwiththecustomsofthepastprecludedthepossibilityforafuture．Wecametothenewworldbecauseitpromisedafutureforall…Becausewe’reinterestedinprogressivechange，wehavenotbeengreatadmirersofthepast．Wehaveafetishfornewness．Andbecausenewerisalwaysbetter,oursenseofpersonalworthandhappinessisdeterminedbyourabilitytoparticipateinnewexperiencesandacquirenewthings.随着资源的枯竭，老工业基地的衰退几乎是不可避免的。现在的关键不是如何避免衰退，因为它已经实际地来到了我们的面前，而是如何在21世纪抓住机遇重振昔日的雄风……所以我们要本着务实和苦干的心态，抓住历史的机遇，向着正确的方向，迈出坚定而扎实的步伐。只要我们万众一心，使东北老工业基地重新焕发出昔日的光彩是完全可能的……–’sChineseattitudeagainstpastandfuture?TextStudySkimthroughTextOneforfiveminutesandfindouttwokeywordsthatbestsummarizethearticle.Theyare……timeorientationtimesystemsTextStudyTimeorientation–Past-orientedcultures–Present-orientedcultures–Future-orientedculturesWhatisthefeaturesofthem??LanguageandCulture(GroupDiscussion1)Anythinginappropriate…?Situation:Onabus,XiaomingstoodupimmediatelywhenhesawanAmericangrannygetonthebus,andoffertheseattohersayingthat“Youareold.Pleasetakemyseat.”Haveyoueverwatchedthefollowingseriesormovies?《三国演义》《水浒》《红楼梦》《西游记》《星球大战》(StarWars)《未来水世界》(TheFutureWaterWorld)《异形人》(Alien)LanguageandCulture(GroupDiscussion2)Canyouexplainthepopularityofthemindifferentculturalgroups??TextStudyTimesystems–technical–formal–informalmonochronicpolychronicWhatisthefeaturesofthem??巴西一家公司到美国去采购成套设备，巴西谈判小组成员因为上街购物耽误了时间。当他们到达谈判地点时，比预定时间晚了45分钟。美方代表对此极为不满，花了好长时间来指责巴西代表不遵守时间，没有信用。谈判开始，美方还对此事耿耿于怀，对此巴西代表感到理亏，也无心与美方代表讨价还价，对美方提出的要求也没静下心来认真考虑，匆匆忙忙就签订了合同。等到合同签订以后，巴西代表才发现自己吃了大亏，但已经晚了。CaseStudyReadandThinkCaseStudy：AnEarlyVisit美国的伊奈尔教授非常喜欢教学工作。有一次他邀请学生来家中与他和夫人共同庆祝学期的结束。他请他们下午3：00来吃甜食、喝咖啡。然而下午2：30门铃就响了，伊奈尔夫人——当时还没有作好准备——打开了房门，目瞪口呆地发现他丈夫的数位韩国子弟正站在门外。出于无奈，面红耳赤的伊奈尔夫人只好让他们进屋。LanguageandCulturecategorizingmonochronicpolychronicconcentrateddistractiblejob-orientedrelationship-orientedplan-changeableplan-adherentlife-longrelationshipshorttermrelationshiprigoroustimecommitmentloosetimecommitmentvaguespecificWatchthemovieclipandfinishthefollowingtaskPlay“Outsourced”DoyouthinktheAmericansupervisorandIndianstaffsknoweachotherwell?Why?DiscussingroupstheIndianandAmericanconceptsof“Time”reflectedinthismovie.Supportyourargumentwithdetailsselectedfromthescene.LanguageStudyTranslatethefollowingsentences.Technicaltimesystemsaretheprecise,scientificmeasurementsoftimethatare7天连锁酒店价格calculatedinsuchunitsasnanoseconds.LanguageStudyTranslatethefollowingsentences.Formaltimesystemsrefertothewaysinwhichthemembersofaculturedescribeandcomprehendunitsoftime.LanguageStudyTranslatethefollowingsentences.Time’spassagesmaylikewisebeindicatedbyreferencetosignificanteventssuchasthebirthofaroyalsonoranimportantvictoryinbattle.LanguageStudyWhilethegeneralizationslistedbelowdonotapplyequallytoallcultures,theywillhelpconveyapattern.（P117,line14）Nowyours…PatternimitationSpaceandCommunicationverbalproxemicscommunicationnon-verbalkinesicsparalanguageLead-inInthewaitinghall…Seat1isoccupiedbyastranger,whichonewouldyouliketochooseifyouwouldwanttohaveaseat?123SpaceandCommunicationintimatespacepersonalspacesocialspacepublicspaceKeepingone’sdistanceFourcategoriesofdistanceforAmericansFriendsandrelativessocialdistancepublicdistance1.Assoonasapersonstopsorisseatedinapublicplace,thereballoonsaroundhimasmallsphereofprivacywhichisconsideredinviolate.2.Themeretouchingofanotherpersonduringanargumentusedtobelegallydefinedasanassault.3.Peoplearetrainednottobreathinpeople’sfaceandthewaytocommunicateoneanotheriseyeballtoeyeball.AmericanCustomsofKeepingOne’sDistanceWordstoRememberebbmultiplicityrhythmstumblingblockcompartmentalizepriorityunalterableinnateantithesisoccurrenceopttodoMediterraneanconveyprompnessmonochronicpolychronicTopicforPresentationWhatarethetwomostimportantaspectsofaculture’sinformaltimesyst