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Chapter1IntroductionPower2OutlineI.Whatispowerelectronics?II.ThehistoryIII.ApplicationsIV.AsimpleexampleV.AboutthiscoursePower3I.Whatispowerelectronics?1)Definition2)Relationwithinformationelectronics3)Theinterdisciplinarynature4)PositionandsignificanceinthehumansocietyPower4PowerElectronics:Amoreexactexplanation:istheelectronicsappliedtoconversionandcontrolofelectricpower.Rangeofpowerscale:milliwatts(mW)megawatts(MW)gigawatts(GW)1)DefinitionTheprimarytaskofpowerelectronicsistoprocessandcontroltheflowofelectricenergybysupplyingvoltagesandcurrentsinaformthatisoptimallysuitedforuserloads.Power5ConversionofelectricpowerOthernamesforelectricpowerconverter:-Powerconverter-Converter-Switchingconverter-Powerelectroniccircuit-PowerelectronicconverterElectricPowerConverterPoweroutputPowerinputControlinputFrequency,magnitude,numberofphasesAC(AlternatingCurrent)MagnitudeDC(DirectCurrent)ChangeablepropertiesinconversionTwotypesofelectricpowerPower6ClassificationofpowerconvertersDCACACACtoDCconverter(Rectifier)ACtoACconverter(Fixedfrequency:ACcontrollerVariablefrequency:Cycloconverterorfrequencyconverter)DCDCtoDCconverter(Chopper)DCtoACconverter(Inverter)PoweroutputPowerinputPower7PowerelectronicsystemGenericstructureofapowerelectronicsystemPowerConverterPoweroutputPowerinputControllerFeedforward/FeedbackFeedback/FeedforwardReference(commanding)(measurementsofoutputsignals)(measurementsofinputsignals)Controlisinvariablyrequired.Powerconverteralongwithitscontrollerincludingthecorrespondingmeasurementandinterfacecircuits,isalsocalledpowerelectronicsystem.ControlinputPower8TypicalpowersourcesandloadsforapowerelectronicsystemThetaskofpowerelectronicshasbeenrecentlyextendedtoalsoensuringthecurrentsandpowerconsumedbypowerconvertersandloadstomeettherequirementofelectricenergysources.-ElectricMotor-light-heating-powerconverter-otherelectricorelectronicequipmentPowerConverterSourcePowerinputPoweroutputLoadControllerReference-Electricutility-battery-otherelectricenergysource-powerconverterViiiioVoFeedback/FeedforwardPower9AClassificationofelectronicsbyprocessingobject2)RelationwithinformationelectronicsElectronicsInformationelectronics:toprocessinformationPowerelectronics:toprocesselectricpowerOtherclassificationsofelectronicsElectronicsVacuumelectronics:usingvacuumdevices,e.g,vacuumtubesdevicesSolid(Solidstate)electronics:usingsolidstatedevices,e.g,semiconductordevicesElectronicsAppliedelectronics:applicationofelectronicdevicestovariousareasPhysicalelectronics:physics,material,fabrication,andmanufacturingofelectronicdevicesPower103)TheinterdisciplinarynatureWilliamE.Newell’sdescriptionElectronicsPowerPowerElectronicsContinuous,discreteControlPowerelectronicsistheinterfacebetweenelectronicsandpower.Power11RelationwithmultipledisciplinesPowerelectronicsiscurrentlythemostactivedisciplineinelectricpowerengineeringworldwide.PowerelectronicsSystems&ControltheoryCircuittheorySignalprocessingSimulation&computingElectronicsSolidstatephysicsElectromagneticsPowersystemsElectricmachinesPower124)PositionandsignificanceinthehumansocietyElectricpowerisusedinalmosteveryaspectandeverywhereofmodernhumansociety.Electricpoweristhemajorformofenergysourceusedinmodernhumansociety.Theobjectiveofpowerelectronicsisexactlyabouthowtouseelectricpower,andhowtouseiteffectivelyandefficiently,andhowtoimprovethequalityandutilizationofelectricpower.Powerelectronicsandinformationelectronicsmaketwopolesofmoderntechnologyandhumansociety——informationelectronicsisthebrain,andpowerelectronicsisthemuscle.Power13II.ThehistoryThethreadofthepowerelectronicshistorypreciselyfollowsandmatchesthebreak-throughandevolutionofpowerelectronicdeviceslate1980smid1970s19571900MercuryarcrectifierVacuum-tuberectifierThyratronInventionofThyristorPowerdiodeThyristorApplicationoffast-switchingfully-controlledsemiconductordevicesGTOGTRPowerMOSFETThyristor(microprocessor)IGBTPowerMOSFETThyristor(DSP)Pre-history1stphase2ndphase3rdphasePower14III.ApplicationsIndustrialTransportationUtilitysystemsPowersuppliesforallkindsofelectronicequipmentResidentialandhomeappliancesSpacetechnologyOtherapplicationsPower15IndustrialapplicationsMotordrivesElectrolysisElectroplatingInductionheatingWeldingArcfurnacesandovensLightingPower16TransportationapplicationsTrains&locomotivesSubwaysTrolleybusesMagneticlevitationElectricvehiclesAutomotiveelectronicsShippowersystemsAircraftpowersystemsPower17UtilitysystemsapplicationsHigh-voltagedctransmission(HVDC)Flexibleactransmission(FACTS)Staticvarcompensation&harmonicssuppression:TCR,TSC,SVG,APFCustompower&powerqualitycontrolSupplementalenergysources:wind,photovoltaic,fuelcellsEnergystoragesystemsPower18PowersuppliesforelectronicequipmentTelecommunicationsComputersOfficeequipmentElectronicinstrumentsPortableormobileelectronicsservercomputerTelecommunicationPower19ResidentialandhomeappliancesLightingHeatingAirconditioningRefrigeration&freezersCookingCleaningEntertainingPower20ApplicationsinspacetechnologySpaceshippowersystemsSatellitepowersystemsSpacevehiclepowersystems