钢结构设计原理课程设计21米梯形钢结构屋架设计

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钢结构课程设计——21m跨钢屋架设计计算书1设计资料某厂房总长度90m,跨度L=21m,屋盖体系为无檩体系,纵向柱距6m。1.结构形式:钢筋混凝土柱,梯形钢屋架。柱的混凝土强度等级为C30,屋面坡度i=L/10;L为屋架跨度。地区计算温度高于-200C,无侵蚀性介质,不考虑地震设防,屋架下弦标高为18m;厂房内桥式吊车为2台150/30t(中级工作制),锻锤为2台5t。2.屋架形式及荷载:屋架形式、几何尺寸及内力系数(节点荷载P=1.0作用下杆件的内力)如附图所示。屋架采用的钢材、焊条为:用Q345钢,焊条为E50型。3.屋盖结构及荷载无檩体系:采用1.5×6.0m预应力混凝土屋板(考虑屋面板起系杆作用)荷载:①屋架及支撑自重:按经验公式q=0.12+0.011L,L为屋架跨度,以m为单位,q为屋架及支撑自重,以kN/m2为单位;②屋面活荷载:施工活荷载标准值为0.7kN/m2,雪荷载的基本雪压标准值为S0=0.35kN/m2,施工活荷载与雪荷载不同时考虑,而是取两者的较大值;积灰荷载0.6kN/m2。③屋面各构造层的荷载标准值:三毡四油(上铺绿豆砂)防水层0.4kN/m2水泥砂浆找平层0.4kN/m2保温层0.7kN/m2一毡二油隔气层0.05kN/m2水泥砂浆找平层0.3kN/m2预应力混凝土屋面板1.45kN/m22结构形式与布置屋架形式及几何尺寸如图7.30所示。屋架支撑布置如图7.31所示。19901350229025902890304026132864312425302864312433901507.51507.51507.51507.51507.51507.51507.5150AaceghBCDFGH15007=10500×图7.30屋架形式及几何尺寸3荷载计算屋面活荷载与雪荷载不会同时出现,从资料可知屋面活荷载大于雪荷载,故取屋面活荷载计算。屋架沿水平投影面积分布的自重(包括支撑)按经验公式计算,跨度单位为m。荷载永久荷载:预应力混凝土屋面板958.135.145.12/mkN屋架及支撑自重474.035.1)21011.012.0(2/mkN三毡四油(上铺绿豆砂)防水层54.035.14.02/mkN水泥砂浆找平层54.035.14.02/mkN保温层945.035.17.02/mkN一毡二油隔汽层068.035.105.02/mkN水泥砂浆找平层405.035.13.02/mkN总计4.9292/mkN可变荷载:屋面活荷载98.04.17.02/mkN积灰荷载0.61.40.842/mkN总计1.822/mkN设计屋架时,应考虑以下3种荷载组合:(1)全跨永久荷载+全跨可变荷载全跨节点永久荷载及可变荷载:(4.9291.82)1.5660.74FkN(2)全跨永久荷载+半跨可变荷载全跨节点永久荷载:14.9291.5644.36FkN半跨节点可变荷载:21.821.5616.38FkN(3)全跨屋架包括支撑+半跨屋面板自重+半跨屋面活荷载全跨节点屋架自重:30.4741.564.266FkN半跨节点屋面板自重及活荷载:4(1.95750.98)1.5626.44FkN(1)、(2)为使用阶段荷载情况,(3)为施工阶段荷载情况。4内力计算屋架在上述3种荷载组合作用下的计算简图见图7.32所示。由已知得F=1的屋架各杆件的内力系数(F=1作用于全跨、左半跨和右半跨),然后求出各种荷载情况下的内力进行组合,计算结果见表7.6。(a)F/2FFFFFFFFFFFFFF/21990207003040A2850300030003000300030002850HGFEDCBdcba(b)F/2F/2F/2FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF/2BCDEFGHA(c)AHGFEDCBF/2FFFFFFF3FFFFFFFFFFFFF/2F/2F/2屋架支撑布置如图7.31所示。3LG2LGLG22SC1SC2GG2LG2CC2LG1SC2SC2SC2LG2GG1LG2LG1CC1LG1SC1LG2GG2LG1CC2垂直支撑2-2LG5LG5LG5LG5LG5LG5LG5LG5CC5LG3LG3CC6CC6LG6LG3CC5CC2LG1LG1CC3LG1LG1CC2CC2LG1LG1CC3CC3LG11LGCC2CC2CC3GG2GG3LG4LG5LG4CC3LG4LG4LG45CCCC6CC2CC32GGLG52GG5LG2GG5LGGG3GG3GG3121SC1SC2SC2SC2SC2SC1SC4SC6SC6SC6SC6SC4GG2LG2LG2GG1LG2LG2GG2CC2LG1LG1CC11LG1LG2CCCC5LG3LG3CC4LG3CC52GG2LG2LG1GG2LG2GG2GG2LG2LG1GG2LG2GG垂直支撑1-1XC1XC2XC2XC3XC2XC2XC1XC4XC5XC5XC6XC5XC5XC4XC1XC2XC2XC3XC2XC2XC14LG4LG4LG屋架下弦支撑布置图210006000*15=90000500屋架下弦支撑布置图符号说明:SC—上弦支撑XC—下弦支撑CC—垂直支撑GG—刚性系杆LG—柔性系杆图7.31屋架支撑布置杆件名称内力系数(F=1)第1种组合F第2种组合第3种组合计算杆件内力(kN)全跨①左半跨②右半跨③①①+①+①+①+②③②③上弦AB000000000BC/CD-7.472-5.31-2.162-453.84928-418.43572-366.87148-172.272-89.0388-453.85DE、EF-11.262-7.339-3.923-684.05388-619.79514-563.84106-242.087-151.768-684.05FG/GH-12.18-6.861-5.319-739.8132-652.68798-627.43002-233.365-192.594-739.81下弦ab4.13.011.09249.034231.1798199.730297.07546.3102249.03bc9.7446.6633.081591.85056541.38378482.71062217.7376123.0295591.85cd11.9627.3264.636726.57188650.6342606.572244.7293173.6057726.57dd'11.7685.8845.884714.78832618.4084618.4084205.7752205.7752714.79斜腹杆aB-7.684-5.641-2.043-466.72616-433.26182-374.32658-181.928-86.7969-466.73Bb5.8083.961.848352.77792322.50768287.91312129.479373.63805352.78bD-4.409-2.633-1.776-267.80266-238.71178-224.67412-88.4253-65.7662-267.8Dc2.7921.2221.57169.58608143.86948149.5697244.2203553.42147169.59cF-1.572-0.047-1.525-95.48328-70.50378-94.71342-7.94883-47.0272-95.48Fd0.328-1.0391.36719.92272-2.4687436.94154-26.071937.5427337.54dH0.7131.913-1.243.3076262.9636211.9726853.62138-28.686362.96竖直杆Aa-0.5-0.50-30.37-30.37-22.18-15.353-2.133-30.37Cb/Ec-1-10-60.74-60.74-44.36-30.706-4.266-60.74Gd-1-10-60.74-60.74-44.36-30.706-4.266-60.74注:F=60.74kN;1F=44.36kN;2F=16.38kN;3F=4.26kN;4F=26.44kN。5杆件设计(1)上弦杆整个上弦采用等截面,安FG、GH杆件之最大设计内力设计。N=-739.810kN=-739810N,上弦杆计算长度0150.75xlcm在屋架平面外:根据支撑布置和内力变化情况03150.75452.25ylcm。因为003yxll,故截面宜选用两个等肢角钢短肢相并(图7.35)。1F2F1F2F3F4F3F4F腹杆最大内力N=-486.09kN,查表7.5,节点板厚度选10mm支座节点板厚度用12mm。设60,查附录中附表2.2得0.807。需要截面积27705070.8072957.230.807310NAmmf需要得回转半径:0150.752.512560xxlicm0452.257.537560yylicm根据需要的A、xi、yi查角钢规格表(附表6),选用2140908,A=36.0762cm,xi=2.59cm,yi=6.73cm,按所选角钢进行验算:0150.7558.221502.59xxxli,0452.2567.21506.73yyyli满足长细比的要求。由于yx,只需求y。查表得0.768y。22770507267.013100.7683607.6yNNNmmmmA所需截面合适。(2)下弦杆整个下弦采用同一截面,按最大内力所在的eg杆计算。max726570NN0300xlcm,0yl1035cm所需截面为272657023.4377310nNAcmf选用2140908,因为00xyll,故选用不等肢角钢短肢相并。A=36.0762cm24.932cm,xi=2.59cm,yi=6.73cm,01035153.83506.73yyyli0300115.83502.59xxxli(3)端斜杆aB杆件轴力466730NN计算长度00253xyllcm,因为00xyll,故采用不等肢角钢长肢相并,使2140908xyii。选用2110708L,则227.888Acm,3.51xicm,2.92yicm025372.083.51xxxli,025386.642.92yyyli因为yx,只求y=0.645。2466730259.473100.6452788.8yNkNmmA所需截面合适。(4)竖杆Gd60740NN,l0x=289×0.8=231.2cm,l0y=289cm内力较小,按[λ]=150选择,需要的回转半径为:ix=l0x/[λ]=231.2/150=1.54cmiy=l0y/[λ]=289/150=1.93cm查型钢表,选截面的回转半径较计算的要略大些,选用2∟56×5ix=1.72cm,iy=2.69cm,A=1083mm2λx=l0x/ix=231.2/1.72=134.42﹤150λy=l0y/iy=289/2.28=107.43﹤150λx﹥λy,只求x=0.368=N/xA=60740/(0.368×1083)=152.4N/mm2310N/mm2其余各杆件的截面选择计算过程不一一列出,现将计算结果列于表2中。应力(N/mm2)267.0201.481.69259.5126.5108.9127.9138.0136.2197.839.08152.4148.1稳定系数y0.7680.645x0.3870.5140.7510.4110.3930.3680.346容许长细比150350150150350150150350150150350150150长细比λy67.2153.8

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