GiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.1LCD基礎光學特性介紹凌達光電吳梓平GiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.2一、光學基本概念•1、光的結構•2、光的性質GiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.3光学基本结构1、光的組成:垂直方向之电场与磁场交叉感应产生交變電磁場。类似正弦波。其中主要起作用的是电场分量。電場E磁場HGiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.42、基本参数:频率f、光速v、波长λ速度v=頻率f*波長λXYZλGiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.5方向a.光的行進(传播)方向b.偏振方向光的行進(传播)方向垂直于偏振方向偏振方向XYZ行進方向GiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.6光的基本性質1、偏振2、折射與雙折射3、幹涉GiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.71.偏振:a.线偏振光b.圆偏振光c.椭圆偏振光-1-0.500.51-1-0.8-0.6-0.4-0.200.20.40.60.81YX-1-0.500.51-1-0.8-0.6-0.4-0.200.20.40.60.81YX-1-0.500.51-1-0.8-0.6-0.4-0.200.20.40.60.81YXGiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.8所以自然光是許多波長,各方向偏振,不同步調地朝同方向行進,不呈現偏振性質,是圓偏振光GiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.92.折射n0*sini=n0*sinr=n*sintn=n0*sini/sint(bySnell’slaw)ZX反射光nn0入射光折射光irtGiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.10雙折射:原因是由於晶體各方向介電系數不同,對電場分量影響不一致ZX反射光nn0入射光尋常光線(o光)irt異常光線(e光)GiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.11*雙折射(有色散,且有方向性.)此種材料對各波長的光來說,d固定,n隨波長改變,須配合偏光片來得到單色光.NzNy(no)Nx(ne)nWavelength(nm)nWavelength(nm)90%10%v10v90光電特性曲線陡度=V90V10GiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.123.幹涉幹涉條件:3-1頻率基本相同3-2震動方向相同3-3相位差恆定幹涉光的可見度K=(IM-Im)/(IM-Im)光強I=(I1+I2)(1+Kcosζ)ζ為位相差GiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.13•LCD相關材料的上述特性簡介1.偏光片考慮穿透率(43%),偏光度(96),偏振光穿透軸角度,底色,厚度,均勻度,表面處理,不含Diffuser等特性.GiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.142.位相差板(不加偏光片無用武之地)Nz△n=ne-no垂直視角傾斜視角Ny(no)Nx(ne)nf(HZ)n(nm)GiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.15位相差板是用來補償LCD的色散.NRF570n*d(nm)820570(nm)570589LCDNRF570PhaseRetardation=2*nd/570=2*570/570GiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.16偏光片+/4片(位相差板)=圓偏光片.B=/2=/4G=/2=/4R=/2=/4左旋:位相差(0,)右旋:位相差(,2)GiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.173.LCn=n-n;=-有色散,且有方向性,但不吸收光.dnematicdirectororientationnnnzyxGiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.18液晶分子長軸方向(光軸)ABA方向電場方向//長軸方向,為正常光線A方向電場方向長軸方向,為異常光線Aλoλeneno1、雙折射GiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.192,旋光效應光線隨液晶扭曲方向而扭曲,不改變偏光狀態GiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.205.LCDa.TNLCD(Twist180o)Twist=90o偏光片穿透軸與配向方向相同.通光軸GiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.21b.STNLCD(Twist180o)Twist=220o、240o、270oGray,Yellow,Blue,FSTNMode偏光片穿透軸與配向方向夾45o左右.GiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.2230在LCD中,位相差ζ=(2π/λ)*Δnd=2kπ+π/2Twist2400π/2π3π/22π0~π左旋π~2π右旋RGB下偏光片位相差板上偏光片位相差引起幹涉圖像:BRGGiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.23STN與TN主要區別原理不同:1、TN應用LC旋光性能2、STN應用LC旋光性、雙折射GiantplusTechnologyConfidential2020/1/21WHC/R&DPanelTech.Dept.24LCD相關材料偏光片(RDF)位相差板液晶彩色濾光片玻璃基板擴散層反射層半透層集光片(綠,白)波長選擇性無無無有無無無無有光行進模式反射,半透,穿透穿透穿透穿透穿透穿透反射半透反射偏振效果有無無無無無無無無雙折射性無有有無無無無無無方向性偏振光穿透軸長(快)軸分子長軸無無無無無30o入射-8o反射功能線偏振光線補償相位差位相差值隨電壓改變過濾光線得到單色光維持平坦,固定結構.使光線散射反射光線光線部分反射及穿透改變光反射角Summary