中俄能源合作现状及发展研究

I摘要能源（课题具体指石油和天然气）是现代工业社会经济发展的命脉，关系到各国的安全问题，影响全球政治、军事、外交等多方面国际关系。随着中国经济飞速发展，能源需求不断增长，中国的能源安全问题日益严重。俄罗斯国土横跨亚欧大陆，油气资源非常丰富，所以俄罗斯一直在利用这一得天独厚的能源优势，通过实行以本国经济利益为核心的能源外交来提高俄罗斯的综合国力和国际地位。中俄能源合作已经将近有二十年了，在这期间中俄能源合作不断向前发展，取得了很多合作成果。中国与俄罗斯地理上山水相连，两国政治经济等方面睦邻友好，是开展能源合作的坚实基础，但现实是由于两国国内以及国际上的一些因素的影响，到目前为止中俄能源合作一波三折。就目前国际能源形势来看，中俄开展能源合作对两国政治经济等都有重大现实意义和战略意义。本文在查阅大量文献资料分析研究后，对中俄两国当前的能源合作现状进行了初步的探讨，并紧密联系世界能源状况，从影响中俄两国能源合作的驱动因素和制约因素入手分析，提出几方面建议，包括中国政府的鼓励支持、创新能源合作模式、提高两国政治互信度等。由此得出结论表明：未来两国能源贸易发展前景广阔，双方应通过加深全面战略协作伙伴关系来推动能源合作。关键词：中国；俄罗斯；能源合作IIAbstractEnergy(projectspecificallyreferstooilandnaturalgas)isthelifelineofthedevelopmentofmodernindustrialsociety,isrelatedtothecountry'ssecurityproblem,affectingglobalpolitical,military,diplomaticandothervariousinternationalrelations.WiththedevelopmentofChina'seconomy,energydemandisgrowing;China'senergysecurityisbecomingincreasinglyserious.RussianterritoryacrosstheEurasiancontinent,oilandgasresourcesareveryrich,soRussiahasbeenintheuseoftheuniqueadvantageofthesourcesofenergy,throughtheintroductiontoitseconomicinterestsasthecoreofenergydiplomacytoimproveRussia'scomprehensivenationalstrengthandinternationalstatus.SinoRussianenergycooperationhasbeennearlytwentyyears,duringthisperiod,theSinoRussianenergycooperationhascontinuedtomoveforward,andachievedalotofcooperationresults.ChineseandRussiangeographybelinkedmountainsandrivers,thetwocountriesinpolitical,economicandotheraspectsofgoodneighborlyfriendship,itisasolidfoundationforcooperationinenergy.Buttherealityisthatduetotheinfluenceofbothdomesticandinternationalfactors,theSinoRussianenergycooperationtwistsandturns.Onthecurrentinternationalenergysituation,ChinaandRussiatocarryoutenergycooperation,suchaspoliticalandeconomic,havegreatpracticalsignificanceandstrategicsignificance.Afterconsultingalotofdocuments,thispaperdiscussesthecurrentsituationofenergycooperationbetweenChinaandRussia,andlinkedtotheworldenergysituation,fromtheimpactofSinoRussianenergycooperationbetweenthedrivingfactorsandconstraintsanalysis,putforwardseveralproposals,includingtheChinesegovernmenttoencouragesupport,improvethedegreeofpoliticalmutualtrustbetweenthetwocountries.Theconclusionshowsthatthefutureofenergytradebetweenthetwocountriesisbroad,andthetwosidesshouldpromoteenergycooperationthroughdeepeningthecomprehensivestrategicpartnership.Keywords:China;Russia;energycooperationIII目录摘要.......................................................................................................................IAbstract.........................................................................................................................II第1章引言.................................................................................................................11.1课题的目的.....................................................................................................11.2课题的意义.....................................................................................................11.3国内外现状及发展趋势.................................................................................21.3.1国内研究现状及发展趋势..................................................................21.3.2国外研究现状及发展趋势..................................................................3第2章当前世界能源格局下的中国和俄罗斯.........................................................42.1当前世界能源形势.........................................................................................42.2中国当前面临的能源形势.............................................................................42.3俄罗斯的能源状况与能源外交.....................................................................5第3章中俄能源合作现状及分析.............................................................................73.1中俄能源合作现状概况.................................................................................73.2中俄能源现状分析.........................................................................................83.2.1中俄能源合作的驱动因素..................................................................83.2.2中俄能源合作的制约因素................................................................10第4章中俄能源合作的对策及发展趋势...............................................................144.1中俄能源合作的对策建议...........................................................................144.1.1中国加大政府扶持力度，促进能源企业间交流............................144.1.2完善能源价格机制，推进合作模式多样化....................................144.1.3提高两国政治互信度，深化战略协作伙伴关系............................154.1.4中方积极开展双边和多边能源外交................................................154.2中俄能源合作发展前景...............................................................................16第5章结论...............................................................................................................18参考文献...............................................................................................................19致谢.....................................................................................................................20沈阳工业大学本科生毕业设计（论文)1第1章引言1.1课题的目的随着世界经济的不断发展,国际上能源的需求不断增长，作为国民经济命脉的石油，其作用日益重要。同时,在全球化的今天，能源问题不仅仅是一个经济问题也是一个国际政治问题，能源成了影响地缘政