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英语句子成分及结构句子成分主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语一．主语：Amooncakeisadelicious,roundcake.Idon’tknowifitwillgrow.OneofthemisEnglish.Towinthegameisdifficult.二.谓语:Isawagirl.Iloveyou.Youshouldworkhard.Youhadbettertakeabus.Heisahandsomeboy.三．宾语Isawacatinthetree.Wethinkyouareright.Myfatherboughtmeabook.WecallhimTOM.Wefindthelittlegirlinthehill.四．定语Thatisabeautifulflower.Thisismybook.Ihavealotofthingstodo.五．状语Heisplayingunderthetree.（地点）Tenyearsago,ShebegantoliveinDalian.(时间)Thehouseisdirtyforthereasonthathedidn’tcleanit.(原因)Hebuysagifttomakeherhappy.（目地）IfIamnotbusytomorrow,Iwillplayfootballwithyou.（条件）六.表语Thesedesksareyellow.Wearehappynow.Itsoundsgood.Itsmellsnice.Tomisahandsomeboy句子结构(S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；O＝宾语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语；C＝宾语补足语)一．S十V主谓结构|（vi.）Iswim.主谓Theylistenedcarefully．Myhomeworkhasfinished.二．S十V十O主谓宾结构(vt.)Isawafilmyesterday.主谓宾Theyfoundtheirhomeeasily.Theyhavetakengoodcareofthechildren．三．S十V十P主系表结构（系动词）Is,look____________________+形容词Heisold.主系动表语Thestorysoundsinteresting.主系动词表语ThedeskfeelshardHebecomesateacher．Thetreesturnyellowintheautumn.四．S十V十O1十O2主谓双宾结构give，ask__________________sbsthHegavemeabook.主谓宾1宾2Hebroughtmeapen.HeofferedmehisseatHegotmeachair五．S十V十O十C主谓宾补结构Theymadethegirlangry.主谓宾宾补Theyfoundherhappythatday．Isawhimin.Iheardtheglassbrokenjustnow.句子成分练习题(一)(一).指出下列句中主语的中心词①Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.②Thereisanoldmancominghere.③Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.④Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.(二)选出句中谓语的中心词①Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.A.don'tB.likeC.pictureD.wall②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?A.DoB.usuallyC.goD.bus④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon⑤Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?A.DidB.twinsC.haveD.breakfast⑥Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.A.TomB.didn'tC.doD.hishomework⑦WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.A.wantB.totellC.youD.is⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.A.WeB.hadC.sendD.doctor⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.A.isB.interestedC.inD.music⑩Whomdidyougivemybookto?A.giveB.didC.whomD.book(三)挑出下列句中的宾语1.Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.2.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.3.Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.4.Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?5.Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?6.Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.7.Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.8.Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.9.Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.10.Theydidn'tknowwhoFatherChristmasreallyis.(四)挑出下列句中的表语①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.(五)挑出下列句中的定语①TheyuseMr,Mrswiththefamilyname.②Whatisyourgivenname?③OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.④Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.⑤Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.(六)挑出下列句中的宾语补足语①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooks.②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.④TheycallmeLilysometimes.⑤IsawMrWanggetonthebus.⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?(七)挑出下列句中的状语①Therewasabigsmileonherface.②Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.③HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.④Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.⑤Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.⑥Shelovesthelibrarybecauseshelovesbooks.⑦Iamafraidthatifyou'velostit,youmustpayforit.⑧ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachine.(八)划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语①Pleasetellusastory.②Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.③MrLiisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.④Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.⑤Didheleaveanymessageforme?句子成分练习题(二)指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分：1.Whetherwe’llgodependontheweather.2.People’sstandardsoflivingaregoingupsteadily.3.Thatwashowtheyweredefeated.4.Thenurserytakesgoodcareofourchildren.5.I’llreturnthebooktoyoutomorrow.6.Thewomanwithababyinherarmsishisother.7.TherearemanyfilmthatI’dliketosee.8.Haveyoumetthepersonaboutwhomhewasspeaking?9.Ihavealotofworktodo.10.Wecansendacarovertofetchyou.11.Shehadtoworkstandingup.12.Seeingthis,somecomradesbecameveryworried.13.Thebusarrivedtenminuteslate.14.Somefarmerssawsomethingstrangeinthesky.15.Wethinkitnecessarythateveryoneshouldattendthemeeting.16.It’sstrangethatshedoesn’tcometoday.17.ItwasinthelibrarythatIcometoday.18.Helikesdrawingattimeswhenheisn’tworking.19.Weleftinsuchahurrythatweforgottolockthedoor.