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I基于PLC的自动扶梯控制系统设计摘要自动扶梯是现代商场、超市不可缺少的运输工具，用于倾斜输送乘客、货物。传统的自动扶梯控制系统主要采用继电器--接触器进行控制，其缺点是触点多，故障率高、可靠性差、维修工作量大等，而采用PLC组成的控制系统可以很好地解决上述问题。本文通过讨论自动扶梯控制系统的组成，阐述可编程控制器（PLC）在电梯控制中的应用，采用西门子PLC编程的程序控制方式，提出了自动扶梯的PLC控制系统总体设计方案、设计过程及最后的仿真结果，列出了具体的主要硬件电路、电梯的控制梯形图，并给出了系统组成框图和程序流程图。在分析、处理故障信号逻辑关系的基础上，提出了PLC的编程方法，设计了一套完整的自动扶梯控制系统方案。并进行了程序的调试，最终使用MCGS软件将整个控制界面用动画的方式展示了出来。关键词：自动扶梯PLC梯形图MCGS控制系统IIControlsystemdesignbasedonPLCofescalatorAbstractAsanindispensabletransportationtoolformodernstoressupermarkets,Escalatorisusedforcarryingpassengers,goods,thetraditionalescalatorcontrolsystemmainlyadoptsrelays-contactdevicecontrol,itsshortcomingiscontacts,highfailurerate,poorreliability,maintenanceworkloadbig,etc,anduseofPLCcontrolsystemcanwellsolvetheproblems.Thispaperdiscussedthecompositionoftheescalatorcontrolsystem,expoundedtheprogrammablecontroller(PLC)intheelevatorcontrolapplication,adoptedthemodeofprogrammingwhichisusedSiemensPLCprogramcontrol,putforwardtheescalatorPLCcontrolsystemoveralldesignscheme,designprocessandthefinalsimulationresults,listthemajorhardwarecircuit,theelevatorcontrolladderdiagram,andgavethesystemcompositiondiagramandprogramflowchart.putforwardPLCprogrammingmethodbasedontheanalysisanddealwiththerefaultsignal,designedasetofcompleteescalatorcontrolsystemscheme.Andtheadjustmentoftheprogram,andeventuallyusedMCGSshowtheentirecontrolinterfaceoutbyanimation.Keywords:EscalatorPLCladderdiagramMCGScontrolsystem目录摘要.................................................................................................................................IAbstract.........................................................................................................................II第一章引言..................................................................................................................11.1自动扶梯的发展和研究现状..........................................................................11.1.1自动扶梯的发展历史...........................................................................11.1.2国内自动扶梯的实例介绍...................................................................21.2自动扶梯的概述..............................................................................................31.2.1自动扶梯的定义..................................................................................31.2.2自动扶梯的基本结构..........................................................................31.2.3自动扶梯的分类..................................................................................51.2.4自动扶梯的主要参数..........................................................................5第二章S7—200系列PLC的概述.............................................................................62.1PLC的定义.....................................................................................................62.2PLC的基本组成.............................................................................................62.3可编程控制器的特点、分类和技术指标.....................................................82.3.1可编程控制器的特点...........................................................................82.3.2可编程控制器的分类.........................................................................102.3.3可编程控制器的技术指标................................................................112.4PLC的工作原理...........................................................................................122.4.1PLC的工作模式.................................................................................132.4.2PLC工作过程....................................................................................13第三章系统实现的总体方案....................................................................................163.1系统实现的主要功能...................................................................................163.1.1扶梯的运行与停止功能..................................................................163.1.2扶梯的故障处理功能......................................................................173.1.3扶梯的自动润滑功能......................................................................173.2可编程控制器与其他控制器的比较............................................................173.2.1可编程控制器与继电接触器控制系统的比较.................................173.2.2可编程控制器与微机控制系统的比较.............................................183.2.3可编程控制器与单片机控制的比较.................................................19第四章系统硬件设计................................................................................................204.1输入/输出点的分配......................................................................................204.2主要硬件选型................................................................................................224.2.1三相异步电机选型.............................................................................234.2.2PLC选型.............................................................................................23第五章PLC控制程序设计.......................................................................................245.1STEP7软件...................................................................................................245.1.1STEP7软件概述.................................................