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初中英语语法总结初中语法分类•初中语法项目分类：（共8类）•一般分类•1、一般现在时•2、一般过去时•3、一般将来时•4、现在进行时•5、现在完成（进行）时•6、过去进行时•7、过去完成时•8、过去将来时一般现在时•构成：•动词用原形•三人称单数-s/es•用法：•表示经常性的•动作或状态•象征词：•Everyoftenalwayson天in月、季、节、年。一般现在时•规则变化：•一般-s–es辅音＋y---ies•不规则变化:•have----has•例句：•Hegoestoschooleveryday.•Ioftenhavelunchathome.•练习题：•1.Weoften__________(play)intheplaygound.•2.He_________(get)upatsixo’clock.•3.__________you_________(brush)yourteetheverymorning.•4.What__________(do)heusually__________(do)afterschool?•5.Danny_________(study)English,Chinese,Maths,ScienceandArtanschool.一般过去时•构成：•动词用过去时•Be—was/were•用法：•表过去某个、段时间内动作及状态•象征词：•ago/justnow/In1998last/yesterday等一般过去时•规则变化：•一般/去e双写/辅＋y结尾－ied•不规则变化:•go-wentcome-came•do-didleave-left等•例句：•Hewrotealetteryesterday.•Istudiedhardlastyear.•练习题：•1.What_____they_____dinneryesterday?•A.do;haveforB.did;hadforC.did;haveforD.were;havefor•2.Couldyoutellmewhattimetheplane______?•A.leftB.leavesC.leavedD.wasleaving•3.Oneofus______bandlastmonth.•A.leavesB.leaveC.leavedD.left一般将来时•构成：•begoingto＋V原•will/shall+V原•用法：•在将来某个时间或•某段时要做的事•象征词：•tomorrow/after•next/tonightin2010一般将来时不规则变化:•Gocomeleavestay•fly等用进行表将来•例句：•Areyougoingtoread?•Heiscomingtomorrow.•练习题：•1.There__________ameetingtomorrowafternoon.A.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobeD.willgotobe•2.Charlie________herenextmonth.•A.isn'tworkingB.doesn'tworkingC.isn'tgoingtoworkingD.won'twork•3.He________verybusythisweek,he________freenextweek.•A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe现在进行时•构成：•be＋doing•用法：•表此时此刻正进行的动作或状态•象征词：•listenlooknow•allthetimeDon’t…现在进行时规则变化:•一般去e双写+ing•不规则变化：•tiedielie–•变ie为y加ing•例句：•Tomiswritingnow.•Theyarelyingonthebed.•练习题：•1.There__________ameetingtomorrowafternoon.A.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobeC.isgoingtobeD.willgotobe•2.Charlie________herenextmonth.•A.isn'tworkingB.doesn'tworkingC.isn'tgoingtoworkingD.won'twork•3.He________verybusythisweek,he________freenextweek.•A.willbe;isB.is;isC.willbe;willbeD.is;willbe现在完成时•构成：•have/has+PP•have/hasbeen+doing•用法：•发生在过去影响在现在的动作或状态等•象征词：•含糊的频率副词alreadyjustneverever现在完成时规则变化:•分词规则的同过去式是一样的•不规则变化：•不规则的动词的过去分词需逐个记忆•例句：•Ihavebeenteachingfor8years.•Hehassleptfortwodays.•练习题：•1.“_________you__________(have)lunch?”“Yes.”•“When________you__________(have)it?”“I____________(have)itat12:00.”•2.“_______you_______(write)alettertoyourauntyet?”•“Yes,I___________.I________________(write)onelastweek.”、3.“_________he____(finish)hishomework?”“Notyet.”、4.“_________theyever__________(be)abroad?”“Yes,justonce.”、5.Yourfather_________just___________(finish)hiswork.过去进行时•构成：•was/were+doing•多用于复合句中•用法：•表在过去某时间正在进行的动作•象征词：•atthistimeyesterday•lastSundayevening过去进行时规则变化:•一般去e双写+ing•不规则变化：•tiedielie–变ie为y加ing•例句：•Hewasreadingatthattime•lastFriday•练习题：•1.Whilewe__________(wait)forthebus,agirl__________(run)uptous.•2.I__________(telephone)afriendwhenBob__________(come)in.•3.Jim__________(jump)onthebusasit__________(move)away.•4.We__________(test)thenewmachinewhentheelectricity__________(go)off.•5.She__________(notwant)tostayinbedwhiletheothers________________(all,work)inthefields.过去完成时•构成：•had+动过去分词•多用于复合句中•用法：•该动作发生在过去的过去•象征词：•bythetime＋过去时•whenafterbefore过去完成时规则变化:•规则的分词构成与过去时一样的•不规则变化：•需要逐个记忆•详见不规则动词表•例句：•Wehadlearnt2000words•bytheendoflastyear.•练习题：•Bytheendofthiscentury,we__oursintoastrongmoderncountry.•A.willbuildB.hadbuiltC.havebuiltD.willhavebuilt•We_________theworkbysixyesterdayevening.•A.finishedB.wouldfinishC.hadfinishedD.hadbeenfinished•I_________tohelpyoubutcouldn’tgethereintime.••A.wantB.hadwantedC.havewantedD.waswanting过去将来时•构成：•would+V原形•多用宾语从句中•用法：•过去看来将要发生的动作或状态•象征词：•Hesaidthathe…thenextday.过去将来时•例句：•Hesaidthathewouldcomeherethenextday.•练习题：•1.LiMingsaidhe_____happyifBrian_____toChinanextmonth.•A.as;comeB.was;wouldcomeC.wouldbe;cameD.willbe;come•2.Jennysaidshe_____herholidayinChina.•A.spentB.wouldspent•C.wasgoingtospentD.wouldspend•3.—Whatdidyoursonsayintheletter?•—Hetoldmethathe______theDisneyWorldthenextday.•A.willvisitB.hasvisitedC.isgoingtovisitD.wouldvisit