国际法律责任补充资料

视频：李曰龙-国家不当行为及国际赔偿责任://，20100410visitDraftArticlesonResponsibilityofStatesforInternationallyWrongfulActs,inReportoftheInternationalLawCommissionontheWorkofitsFifty-thirdSession,UNGAOR56thSess.,Supp.No.10,at43,U.N.Doc.A/56/10(2001).ResponsibilityofStatesforInternationallyWrongfulActs2001TextadoptedbytheCommissionatitsfifty-thirdsession,in2001,andsubmittedtotheGeneralAssemblyasapartoftheCommission’sreportcoveringtheworkofthatsession.Thereport,whichalsocontainscommentariesonthedraftarticles,appearsinOfficialRecordsoftheGeneralAssembly,Fifty-sixthSession,SupplementNo.10(A/56/10).TextreproducedasitappearsintheannextoGeneralAssemblyresolution56/83of12December2001.Copyright©UnitedNations2005ResponsibilityofStatesforInternationallyWrongfulActsPARTONETHEINTERNATIONALLYWRONGFULACTOFASTATECHAPTERIGENERALPRINCIPLESArticlelResponsibilityofaStateforitsinternationallywrongfulactsEveryinternationallywrongfulactofaStateentailstheinternationalresponsibilityofthatState.Article2ElementsofaninternationallywrongfulactofaStateThereisaninternationallywrongfulactofaStatewhenconductconsistingofanactionoromission:(a)IsattributabletotheStateunderinternationallaw;and(b)ConstitutesabreachofaninternationalobligationoftheState.Article3CharacterizationofanactofaStateasinternationallywrongfulThecharacterizationofanactofaStateasinternationallywrongfulisgovernedbyinternationallaw.Suchcharacterizationisnotaffectedbythecharacterizationofthesameactaslawfulbyinternallaw.CHAPTERIIATTRIBUTIONOFCONDUCTTOASTATEArticle4ConductoforgansofaState1.TheconductofanyStateorganshallbeconsideredanactofthatStateunderinternationallaw,whethertheorganexerciseslegislative,executive,judicialoranyotherfunctions,whateverpositionitholdsintheorganizationoftheState,andwhateveritscharacterasanorganofthecentralGovernmentorofaterritorialunitoftheState.2.AnorganincludesanypersonorentitywhichhasthatstatusinaccordancewiththeinternallawoftheState.Article5ConductofpersonsorentitiesexercisingelementsofgovernmentalauthorityTheconductofapersonorentitywhichisnotanorganoftheStateunderarticle4butwhichisempoweredbythelawofthatStatetoexerciseelementsofthegovernmentalauthorityshallbeconsideredanactoftheStateunderinternationallaw,providedthepersonorentityisactinginthatcapacityintheparticularinstance.Article6ConductoforgansplacedatthedisposalofaStatebyanotherStateTheconductofanorganplacedatthedisposalofaStatebyanotherStateshallbeconsideredanactoftheformerStateunderinternationallawiftheorganisactingintheexerciseofelementsofthegovernmentalauthorityoftheStateatwhosedisposalitisplaced.Article7ExcessofauthorityorcontraventionofinstructionsTheconductofanorganofaStateorofapersonorentityempoweredtoexerciseelementsofthegovernmentalauthorityshallbeconsideredanactoftheStateunderinternationallawiftheorgan,personorentityactsinthatcapacity,evenifitexceedsitsauthorityorcontravenesinstructions.Article8ConductdirectedorcontrolledbyaStateTheconductofapersonorgroupofpersonsshallbeconsideredanactofaStateunderinternationallawifthepersonorgroupofpersonsisinfactactingontheinstructionsof,orunderthedirectionorcontrolof,thatStateincarryingouttheconduct.Article9ConductcarriedoutintheabsenceordefaultoftheofficialauthoritiesTheconductofapersonorgroupofpersonsshallbeconsideredanactofaStateunderinternationallawifthepersonorgroupofpersonsisinfactexercisingelementsofthegovernmentalauthorityintheabsenceordefaultoftheofficialauthoritiesandincircumstancessuchastocallfortheexerciseofthoseelementsofauthority.Article10Conductofaninsurrectionalorothermovement1.TheconductofaninsurrectionalmovementwhichbecomesthenewGovernmentofaStateshallbeconsideredanactofthatStateunderinternationallaw.2.Theconductofamovement,insurrectionalorother,whichsucceedsinestablishinganewStateinpartoftheterritoryofapre-existingStateorinaterritoryunderitsadministrationshallbeconsideredanactofthenewStateunderinternationallaw.3.ThisarticleiswithoutprejudicetotheattributiontoaStateofanyconduct,howeverrelatedtothatofthemovementconcerned,whichistobeconsideredanactofthatStatebyvirtueofarticles4to9.Article11ConductacknowledgedandadoptedbyaStateasitsownConductwhichisnotattributabletoaStateundertheprecedingarticlesshallneverthelessbeconsideredanactofthatStateunderinternationallawifandtotheextentthattheStateacknowledgesandadoptstheconductinquestionasitsown.CHAPTERIIIBREACHOFANINTERNATIONALOBLIGATIONArticle12ExistenceofabreachofaninternationalobligationThereisabreachofaninternationalobligationbyaStatewhenanactofthatStateisnotinconformitywithwhatisrequiredofitbythatobligation,regardlessofitsoriginorcharacter.Article13InternationalobligationinforceforaStateAnactofaStatedoesnotconstituteabreachofaninternationalobligationunlesstheStateisboundbytheobligationinquestionatthetimetheactoccurs.Article14Extensionintimeofthebreachofaninternationalobligation1.ThebreachofaninternationalobligationbyanactofaStatenothavingacontinuingcharacteroccursatthemomentwhentheactisperformed,evenifits