11.2单元练习1.命名下列化合物:(1)(CH3)2CHCHO2-甲基丙醛(2)CH3CHNNH2乙醛腙NOH环戊酮肟CH2CCH3O1-苯基-2-丙酮(3)(4)(5)CH3CHOCH3OCH3乙醛缩二甲醇(6)CH3OCHO对甲氧基苯甲醛2.写出下列化合物的结构式:(1)(3)(4)(2)反-2-丁烯醛CCCH3HHCHO二苯甲酮OC3-环己烯酮OCHCH3NNH2NO2O2N乙醛-2,4-二硝基苯腙(6)Zn-Hg,浓HCl3.写出丙醛与下列试剂反应的产物(1)NaBH4,然后水解(2)C6H5MgCl,然后水解(3)饱和NaHSO3溶液(4)HOCH2CH2OH,无水HCl催化(5)NH2OH(9)银氨络离子(7)LiAlH4,然后水解(8)H2,Ni催化(12)苯肼(10)稀KMnO4溶液(11)稀NaOH溶液CH3CH2CHO①NaBH4②H2O,H+CH3CH2CH2OH①C6H5MgCl②H3OCHCH2CH3OH饱和NaHSO3+CH3CH2CHSO3NaOHHOCH2CH2OH无水HClCH3CH2CHOOCH2CH2CH3CH2CHOCH3CH2CHCH3CH2CH3CH3CH2CH2OHNH2OHNOHZn-Hg浓HCl,△①LiAlH4②H2O,H+H2/NiCH3CH2CH2OHCH3CH2CHOCH3CH2COOHCH3CH2CHCHCHO稀KMnO4CH3CH2COOH稀NaOHCH3OHC6H5NHNH2CH3CH2CHNNHC6H5[Ag(NH3)2]+4.完成下列反应式(1)(2)C6H5COCH3C6H5COOH+CHI3ClCHO+HCHO浓NaOHClCH2OH+HCOOHI2NaOH(3)COClAlCl3OC(4)C6H5CHO+CH3CH2CHO稀碱CHCCHOC6H5CH3(5)CH3CHO浓NaOHCH3CH2OHCH3COOH(6)CH2CH2OOCH2H2SO4H2OHCHOCH2CH2HOHO(7)CHCH2CHOCH3[Ag(NH3)2]+CHCH2COOHCH3CH3COCH3CH3(8)CF3CO3HCH2Cl2CH3OCCH3CH3O5.如何用化学方法鉴别下列各组化合物?(1)乙醛和丙醛乙醛丙醛I2NaOH乙醛黄色丙醛×(2)2-戊酮、3-戊酮和环己酮2-戊酮3-戊酮环己酮I2NaOH2-戊酮黄色3-戊酮×环己酮×饱和NaHSO33-戊酮×环己酮白色6.完成下列转变。CH3CH2CH2OHSOCl2CH3CH2CH2ClMg无水乙醚CH3CH2CH2MgClHCHOH2OH+CH3CH2CH2CH2OH6.完成下列转变。H2SO4H2OCH3CHO稀NaOHCH3CHCHCHOHCCHPtH2CH3CH2CH2CH2OH(3)CH3COCH3(CH3)3CCOOH(CH3)3CMgCl+CO2(CH3)3CCl(CH3)3COHCH3COCH3CH3MgCl无水乙醚H2O(CH3)3COHSOCl2(CH3)3CClMg无水乙醚CO2(CH3)3CMgClH2O(CH3)3CCOOH7.化合物A分子式为C9H10O2,能溶于氢氧化钠水溶液,可以和羟胺加成,但不和Tollens试剂反应;A经硼氢化钠还原生成B(C9H12O2);A和B均能发生碘仿反应,A用锌汞齐和盐酸还原生成C(C9H12O),C与氢氧化钠溶液反应,再和碘甲烷煮沸得D(C10H14O);用高锰酸钾氧化D生成对甲氧基苯甲酸。写出A~D的构造式。ACH3CCH2OOHBCH3CHCH2OHOHCCH3CH2CH2OHDCH3CH2CH2OCH3