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国际交流英语视听说国际交流英语视听说Unit6AfterOilBook31.Lookatthephoto.Howolddoyouthinkthesegaspumpsare?2.Howmuchdoyouthinkaliterofgascostwhenthesepumpswereinuse?3.Howwouldyourlifebedifferentifgasolinecosttwiceasmuchasitdoesnow?ApairofvintagegaspumpsinadesertlandscapeQuestionsExampleAnswer1Automobileswerefirstmass-producedaround110yearsago.Thepumpsdon’tlookthatold,butIthinkthepumpsareprobably70or80yearsold.1.Lookatthephoto.Howolddoyouthinkthesegaspumpsare?QuestionsExampleAnswer2Ithinkthepumpsare50or60yearsold.Gaspumpsolderthanthathadlargeglasscontainersontop.Youpumpedthegasolineintothecontainer.Thengravitymovedthegasdownahoseandintoyourcar’sgastank.1.Lookatthephoto.Howolddoyouthinkthesegaspumpsare?QuestionsExampleAnswer3Idon’tthinkthepumpsareveryold.They’vebeenoutside,sotheweatherhaswornawaythepaint.Butthedesignisfairlymodern,sotheymightbe30or40yearsold.1.Lookatthephoto.Howolddoyouthinkthesegaspumpsare?Questions3.Howwouldyourlifebedifferentifgasolinecosttwiceasmuchasitdoesnow?ExampleAnswer1Mylifewouldbeverydifferentbecausemyfamilyhasacar.Myparentsuseittogotowork,togoshopping,andtogooutatnight.Ifgascosttwiceasmuch,wewouldusethecarless,andonlyfornecessarytrips.Inaddition,thepriceofmanythingswouldalsogoup,sowemightnothaveenoughmoneytobuyallthethingswebuynow.Questions3.Howwouldyourlifebedifferentifgasolinecosttwiceasmuchasitdoesnow?ExampleAnswer2MylifewouldnotbeverydifferentbecauseIusuallywalkorrideabicycle.Ialsobuymostofmyfoodfromlocalfarmers,andhighergaspriceswouldn’taffectthemmuch.Idon’tbuyalotofclothing,electronics,orothergoods,sohigherpricesonthosethingswouldn’taffectmeverymuch.QuestionsLookatthephotosandthegraphicandreadthecaptions.Thendiscussthequestions.1.Basedontheinformationinthegraphic,whatisthemajorityofoilusedfor?2.Whataresomeofthethingsoilisusedforbesidestransportation?3.WhatalternativestooilarebeingusedinChina?AfteroilInourdailylives,weuseoilforawidevarietyofthings—fromfuelforourcarstomedicinetosportsshoestoplasticbagsandwaterbottles.Manypeoplebelievethatourconsumptionofoilisreachingitspeak.Oilwillneverbeascheapandcommonasitisnow.Thisgraphicshowshowatypicalbarrelofoilisused.(1barrel=42gallonsor159liters)AfteroilSomescientistssaywemustshifttoalternativeformsofenergytoprepareforthetimewhenoursupplyofoilwillbedepleted.Findingsubstitutesforoilwillbeapriorityforscientistsandcountriesinthecomingyears.Afteroil1.Basedontheinformationinthegraphic,whatisthemajorityofoilusedfor?ExampleAnswersThemajorityofoilisusedfortransportation.Gasolineforcars,dieselfuelfortrucks,fuelforships,andjetfuelforplanescomprisethemajorityofoilusage.Heatingoilandoilforotherproductsmakeuponlyaroundaquarteroftheoilconsumed.Afteroil2.Whataresomeofthethingsoilisusedforbesidestransportation?ExampleAnswersBesidestransportation,oilisalsousedforheating,manufacturing,andformakingelectricity,plastics,shoesandclothing,medicines,cosmetics,andotherproducts.Afteroil3.WhatalternativestooilarebeingusedinChina?ExampleAnswersChinahasbeeninvestinglargeamountsofmoneyinrenewableenergysourcessuchassolarpowerandwindenergy.Chinaalsohasmanyhydroelectricdamsaswellasnuclearandthermoelectricpowerplants.AfteroilRonSteinberg罗恩·斯坦伯格（人名）LeilaSparks利拉·斯帕克斯（人名）Listening1C|ListeningforDetails.Readthestatements.Thenlistenagainandcirclethecorrectwordtocompleteeachstatement.Listening1AnswerKeys1.19702.harder3.decrease4.higher5.small6.pessimisticRonSteinberg:Thanksforcoming,everyone.I’msureyouallhaveotherthingstodowithyourfreetime,butourtopictonightisanimportantone.I’mRonSteinberg,andI’mthepresidentofFutureFuelsInternational.We’rea...we’reagroupofscientistsworkingtofindsubstitutesforfossilfuelsofallkinds.Tonight,though,I’mgoingtotrytoanswersomeofyourquestionsaboutthepeakoiltheory.Beforewe...beforewegetstarted,itturnsoutthatyougettwospeakersthiseveninginsteadofone.Dr.LeilaSparksfromLomaxPetroleumisalsohere,andI’llletherintroduceherself.Dr.Sparks?LeilaSparks:Thankyou,Ron.AsMr.Steinbergmentioned,Iworkforacompanythatmakesavarietyofpetroleumproducts.TobecontinuedListening1LeilaSparks:Naturally,oilisessentialforourcompany,sowe’realsoconcernedabouttheworld’soilsupplybeingdepleted.Onedifference,though...well,themaindifferencebetweenMr.Steinbergandmeisthatourscientiststellustherearestillenormousamountsofoiltobefound.We’repushingformoreexplorationtofindthosenewoilwells.RonSteinberg:Allright...Well,beforewetakeyourquestions,I’lldoaquickintroductiontothepeakoiltheory.Firstoff,weknowthescientistswilltellyouthatoilisanon-renewableresource.Oilwasformedinadifferenteraoftheearth’shistory,sooncewedepletethesupplyofoilwehavenow,that’sit.ThetheoryofpeakoilcamefromDr.M.KingHubbert.TobecontinuedListening1RonSteinberg:Backin1956,Hubbertusedmathematicalmodels,andhethought,hepredictedthatsometimebetween1968and1972,theUnitedStateswouldproduceasmuchoilasitwasevergoingtoproduce.Inotherwords,thatwouldbethepeakofU.S.oilproduction.Infact,oilproductionintheU.S.hasbeendecliningsince1970,soDr.Hubbertwasright.TheU.S.isstillextractingoil,buttheoilwellsareinhard-to-reachplaces...placeslikeAlaskaortheGulfofMexico,and