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内蒙古交通职业技术学院毕业设计（论文）-1-目录前言·········································································································1第1章常见的沥青路面病害·········································································21.1沥青路面的裂缝···············································································21.2沥青路面的车辙和推移······································································41.3沥青路面的松散···············································································51.4沥青路面的水损害和坑槽···································································61.5沥青路面的冻胀和翻浆······································································71.6沥青路面的泛油···············································································8第2章沥青路面出现裂缝的原因分析及其预防措施···········································102.1原因分析························································································102.2荷载型裂缝·····················································································102.3防止措施························································································11第3章养护管理及其它原因·········································································133.1养护不及时·····················································································143.2养护方法不当··················································································143.3其他方面原因··················································································14第4章沥青路面早期病害的防治方法····························································144.1沥青路面设计要合理·········································································144.2严格控制施工质量············································································144.3接缝处措施·····················································································154.4沥青碎石离析的施工控制···································································154.5加强路面养护··················································································16第5章引起沥青路面早期病害的其他原因及防治办法·······································175.1引起沥青路面早期病害的原因·····························································175.2沥青路面早期病害防治措施································································18结论·········································································································20致谢·········································································································21参考文献···································································································22内蒙古交通职业技术学院毕业设计（论文）摘要公沥青路面常见的病害问题是道路工程的质量通病之一，文章着重介绍了沥青路面中常见的一些病害，重点阐述了沥青路面产生裂缝的原因，并有针对性地提出了预防裂缝出现的相应措施，可供对沥青路面的设计和施工人员参考。随着我国道路建设的迅速发展，沥青路面的施工得到了普遍推广应用。沥青路面具有表面平整，坚实、无接缝、施工工期短和养护简便等优点，使行车噪声低、平稳和舒适。但随着交通量的增长和重载超载车辆的增多，加上由于受到温度和湿度的变化以及冰冻作用、设计、施工、采用材料和养护管理等因素的影响，出现了多种沥青路面病害，如结构性破坏裂缝、沥青路面的裂缝、松散及水损害等等。根据长期对我区沥青路面的实际情况调查，谈谈沥青路面中常见的病害与裂缝出现的原因及其预防措施。[关键词]公沥青路面；病害；裂缝；内蒙古交通职业技术学院毕业设计（论文）AbstractMaleasphaltpavementcommondiseaseproblemisoneofthecommonfaultsofroadengineering,thearticlemainlyintroducesasphaltpavementtosomecommondiseases,expoundstheasphaltpavementandthecausesofcracksandputsforwardthecorrespondingmeasuresforpreventingthecrackappeared,availablefordesignandconstructionofasphaltpavement.thisreference.Keywords:asphaltpavement,Diseases;Crack;Causesandprevention.Alongwiththerapiddevelopmentofourcountryroadconstruction,oftheasphaltpavementconstructiontobeuniversalapplication.Theasphaltpavementissmooth,solid,nojuncture,shortconstructionperiodandmaintenanceconvenientwaitforanadvantage,maketrafficnoiseislow,smoothandcomfortable.Butasthevolumeoftrafficofthegrowthandheavy-loadoverloadtheincreaseinvehicles,plusduetotemperatureandhumiditychangesanddehydratingaction,design,construction,usingmaterialsandmaintenancemanagementofthefactorssuchasasphaltpavementappearedavarietyofdiseases,suchasstructuraldamagecracks,asphaltpavement.thiscrack,looseandwaterdamage,etc.Accordingtothelong-termattractorsamongasphaltpavement.thisactualsituationinvestigation,talkabouttheasphaltpavementofcommondiseasesandcrackingcausesandpreventionmeasures.[keywords]maleasphaltpavement,Diseases;crack;内蒙古交通职业技术学院毕业设计（论文）-1-前言随着国家对高速公路建设投资力度的加大.我国的公路工程建设十分迅速对国民经济和社会发展起着至关重要的作用。但是.随着一条条度沥青面层即发生断裂。面层裂缝一旦发生冲刷、唧浆就会产生以裂缝为中心的下陷形变同时引起裂缝两侧产生新裂缝甚至碎裂破坏。和横向裂缝一样纵向裂缝也是高速公路的建成并投人运营发生早期不可避免的。纵向裂缝的产生主要是由损害较为严重沥青路面早期病害现象也越来越引起业内人士的普遍关注。目前沥青混凝土路面常见的早期病害极具普遍性和严重性也是公路工程质量的通病对新建公路的正常使用够成了严重的威胁.对公路养护提出了更为严峻的挑战。本文就以常见早期病害的破坏成因进行分析并结合实际情况提出相应的预防措施。内蒙古交通职业技术学院毕业设计（论文）-2-第1章常见的沥青路面病害1.常见沥青路面病害沥青路面的损坏所表现出的形式和特征是多种多样的。经总结分析，主要有以下几种常见病害。1.1沥青路面的裂缝沥青路面建成后，都会产生各种形式的裂缝。初期产生的裂缝对沥青路面的使用性能基本上没有影响，但随着表面雨水的侵入，导致路面强度下降，在大量行车荷载作用下，使沥青路面产生结构性破坏。沥青路面裂缝的形式是多种多样的，裂缝从表现形式可分为横向裂缝、纵向裂缝和网状裂缝三种。影响裂缝的主要因素有：沥青的品种和等级、沥青混合料的组成、面层的厚度、基层材料的收缩性、土基和气候条件等。1.1.1纵向裂缝纵向裂缝一般有两种：一种主要发生在紧急停车带或路肩部位,其形状是沿路肩边缘向内逐步扩大,呈月牙形，这种裂缝容易使路基发生滑移，危险性很大；另一种是发生在行车道部位,多为纵向条带状，裂缝两端未延伸到路堤边缘。1、纵向裂缝形成的主要原因有以下三个方面（1）地基原因。有些路段处于丘陵低洼、河谷处,地基土天然含水量较高,在设计及施工时未做处理,在高填土后,由于地基承载能力的差别出现不均匀沉降,造成路面纵向开裂。（2）路基施工原因。如果土基施工时天气干燥,局部路堤填料土块粉碎不足,路基压实不均匀,暗埋式构造处因构造物长度限制,路基边缘