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WORD格式整理版学习指导参考Part1.Warmingup重点单词1.Andwhatqualitiesdoesagreatpersonhave?quality观察思考Muchofthelandwasofpoorquality.这块地大部分土质贫瘠。Shehadmanygoodqualitiesalthoughsheisalittlerude.她虽然有点粗鲁，但还有许多优秀品质。2.mean(1)adj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的Sheistoomeantomakeadonation.她太小气不肯捐款。(2)v.意指某事，意思是；意欲，打算Thatmeanswastingalotoflabor.那意味着浪费许多劳动力。Really?Idon’tmeantowasteanylabor.是吗？我没打算浪费任何劳动力。.常见搭配：meantodosth.打算做某事meandoingsth.意味着做某事bemeantosb.对某事刻薄Whatdoyoumeanby...?你说/做...是什么意思？bemeanttodo要做，必须做eg.Youaremeanttoleaveatip.你得留下小费。bemeanwith/about对...吝啬/小气eg.Heisverymeanwithhismoney.3.Agreatpersonissomeonewhodevoteshis/herlifetohelpingothers.devote（与to连用）献身；专心于(1)devoteoneselfto献身；致力；专心devote...to...把……用于……Hedevotedhimselftohiscareer.Pleasedevotemoretimetoyourwork.请你把更多的时间用于工作。(2)devotedadj.忠实的；深爱的adevotedfan/friend/supporter忠实的粉丝/朋友/支持者devotionn.关爱，关照；奉献；忠诚bedevotedto深爱；致力于即学即用1._______tohisresearchwork,theprofessorcaredlittleaboutanyotherthings.A.DevotingB.DevotedC.HavingdevotedD.Todevote2.Hedevotedhimself______thepoor.A.helpingB.helpedC.tohelpD.tohelping3.Hemadeuphismindtodevotehislifetopollutionfromagain.A.preventing;happeningB.prevent;happenC.preventing;happensD.preventing;willhappen注意：devote...to...中的to为介词，后面跟动词的-ing形式，类似的短语还有：objectto反对stickto坚持leadto引领，导致lookforwardto盼望get/beusedto习惯于getdownto开始认真做payattentionto注意get/beaccustomedto习惯于WORD格式整理版学习指导参考Part2.Pre-reading,readingandcomprehending1.Hefoughtforblackpeopleandwasinprisonforalmostthirtyyears.fight相关短语：fight+n.与....作战/打架=fightagainststhfightfor为了...而战fightagainst与...作战/斗争fightwith与...作战/并肩作战fightback还击fightsb/sthoff抵抗或击退fightabout/oversth因…而争吵eg.(1)fightacold抗感冒(2)fightoffrepeatedenemyattacks击退敌人一次又一次的进攻(3)fightforindependence/equalrights为了独立/平等权利而战(4)fightagainstpoverty/injustice与贫穷/不公正作斗争(5)Iftheenemycomes,we’llfightback.如果敌人来，我们将还击。(6)Twodogsarefightingoverabone.两只狗在为一块骨头撕咬。(7)Wewillhavetofightagainstdifficulties.我们将不得不与困难作斗争。fightwith用于“与...作战”时，与fightagainst大致同义，但用后者语气更强。除此用法外，fightwith还有一些其它的用法，此时不能与fightagainst替换。如：Thechildrenfoughtwithsnow-balls.孩子们打雪战。EnglandfoughtwithFranceagainstGermanyinWorldWarI.英国在第一次世界大战与法国一起对德作战。比较：Englandfoughtwith[against]France.英国与法国作战。prison相关短语把...投进监狱put...inprisonsend...toprisonthrow/cast...intoprisongotoprison入狱beinprison在狱中，被监禁betakentoprison被关入监狱break(outof)prison越狱以上短语都表示行为，所以prison前均不加冠词，若表示地点，则其前应加冠词。如：Theyoungwomanwenttotheprisontoseeherhusbandwhowasinprisonthen.那位年轻妇女去监狱探望那时在坐牢的丈夫。其他类似用法：gotoschool去上学gototheschool到学校去inchurch在教堂做礼拜inthechurch在教堂里attable在吃饭atthetable在餐桌旁考题：Whilehewasat______college,hetookpartinpoliticalactivities,andwassoonthrowninto______prison.A.the;/B./;theC./;/D.the;the答案是C。第一空表示上大学，第二空表示入狱，都不要冠词。WORD格式整理版学习指导参考2.MandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwenttoforadvice.曼德拉就是我去向他请教的那个黑人律师。advice忠告,劝告;建议;指点(1)apieceofadvice一条建议(2)ShegavemesomegoodadviceonhowtolearnEnglish.她就如何学英语给了我一些好的建议。(3)IthinkI'lltakeyouradviceandgetthegreendress.我想我会接受你的建议，买那件绿裙子。(4)CanIgiveyouapieceofadvice?我能给你提一条建议吗？(5)Myadviceistogobytrain.我的建议是坐火车去。(6)WewenttoParisonSarah'sadvice.我们依照萨拉的建议，去了巴黎。adviseverbadvise+n.Thedoctoradvisedachangeofair.医生建议换换空气。advisesb.todoadvisedoingadvisesb.onsth.Sheadvisesthegovernmentonenvironmentalissues.她是政府的环境问题顾问。advise+wh-+todoThepharmacistwilladvisewhichmedicinesaresafetotake.药剂师会建议服用哪些药才安全。advise+thatsb(should)+doadvisesb.nottodosth.=advisesb.againstdoingsth.建议某人不要做某事自测题：（1）Weareoftenadvised_____notesinclass,butfewdoso.A.takingB.takeC.totakeD.took（2）MysisteradvisedmethatI______acceptthejob.A.wouldB.mightC.couldD.should（3）Heoftenadvisedtheyoungworkerson______themachineandtheylearnedquickly.A.tooperateB.howoperateC.howoperatingD.howtooperate（4）Iadvised_____untiltherighttimebuttheywouldn’tlisten.A.towaitB.waitingC.waitedD.onwait（5）Inoneofhisbooks,Marxgavesome_______howtolearnEnglish.A.advicesonB.adviceonC.suggestiontoD.suggestionsofKeys:（1）C（2）D（3）D（4）B（5）B3...,andIworriedaboutwhetherIwouldbecomeoutofwork.outofwork意为：失业。outofbusiness破产；歇业outofcontrol失控outofrepair失修outoforder有毛病outofdate过时outofone’sreach够不着outofdanger脱险outofquestion毫无疑问outofthequestion不可能的outofpatience失去耐心WORD格式整理版学习指导参考outofmind心不在焉Outofsight,outofmind.［谚］眼不见，心不念。（离久情疏）即学即用（1）他必须正视失业这一现实。Hemustfacetherealityof.（2）过期护照是无效的。Apassportthatisisinvalid.4Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。句中haveseen的主语是时间名词thelastthirtyyears.动词see,find,witness等词由时间或地点名词作主语，以增添语言色彩，意为“(在某段时期或某地)发生（某情况），经历，经受”。Thecityhasseenmanychanges.这座城市经历了许多变化。Duskfoundhimcryinginthestreet.黄昏时发现他在街上哭。5Blackpeoplecouldn’tvoteorchoosetheirleaders.观察思考Theissuewasputtothevote.这一问题被付诸表决。We’lllistentotheargumentsonbothsidesandthenvoteonit.我们将先听取双方的论点，然后再表决。Thewholeteamhavevotedmetheircaptain.全体队员投票选我担任他们的队长。归纳总结voten.投票；选票；表决；vt.&vi.投票；选举。votefor赞成；投某人的票voteagainst投票反对voteout（以投票方式）罢免（某人）votedown投票否决voteon/upon对……投票表决votesth.through表决通过（提案等）即学即用——用适当的介词填空（1）Ishallvotefor(for/against)BertbecauseIthinkhe’sthebestman.（2）Aswecan’treachanagreement