英语四级考试指导-写作技巧

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英语四级考试名师指导-写作技巧四级考试的写作部分有其固有的特点,即对作文的话题、观点和字数都有严格的限制,重点考查的是考生的英语书面表达能力。笔者作为四级阅卷老师,比较熟悉阅卷老师的普遍心理。在阅卷过程中,老师最重视的是考生的语言表达,“言之无文,行而不远”,考生作文的语言使用能力对评分起着决定性作用。然而,语言的贫乏向来是中国考生写作的通病。四级写作中,经常会出现整篇作文一个词用到底的情况,例如一遇到“改变/变化”就是change,“影响”就是effect,“流行”就是popular,“因为”就是because,“意识到”就是realize等。试想一下,阅卷老师在批阅了无数篇作文并产生了审美疲劳后,最想看到什么?肯定是一些能让人眼前一亮的词汇或短语。所以,考生就要从用词的多样性方面来吸引阅卷老师的眼球。其实英语词汇是很丰富的,同一个意思可以有很多不同的词汇来表达。提醒考生在写作时注意多体现词汇的多样性,词汇丰富了,整篇作文也就有了色彩。除此以外,考生在写作时还需注意以下事项:①字迹清晰。由于四级作文的阅卷方式是先扫描后复制到电脑上,然后由阅卷老师在电脑上阅卷,所以在阅卷老师主观判卷的过程中,作文的框架以及书写的整洁程度会对最终的分数产生很大的影响。笔者建议考生采用黑色水笔作答,这样可以显得更加清晰。同时提醒考生,切勿将答题卡折叠。②严格按给定提纲的顺序写作。考生在组织作文的写作思路时,要严格按照提纲给定的要求写作。当然,考生也可以灵活运用写作套路,使用一些经典词汇或句型,把提纲句作为中心句放在每段的开头,后面再加上由逻辑词连接的分支观点,做到“以不变应万变”。③文章至少三段。四级写作的判卷规则有一条是这样规定的:只写一段0~7分;两段0~9分。因此,笔者建议考生至少写三段内容。④保证字数。四级写作规定的字数是120词或150词左右,每少10个单词扣1分,因而考生在写作时一定要注意达到相应字数。英语四级作文万能模板(1)一、提纲式作文1.对立观点式A.有人认为X是好事,赞成X,为什么?B.有人认为X是坏事,反对X,为什么?C.我的看法。SomepeopleareinfavoroftheideaofdoingX.Theypointoutthefactthat支持X的第一个原因。Theyalsoarguethat支持X的另一个原因。However,otherpeoplestandonadifferentground.TheyconsideritharmfultodoX.Theyfirmlypointoutthat反对X的第一个理由。Anexamplecangivethedetailsofthisargument:一个例子。Thereissometruthinbotharguments.ButIthinktheadvantagesofXoverweighthedisadvantages.Inadditiontotheabove-mentionednegativeeffectsitmightbringabout,XalsomayX的有一个坏处。二、批驳观点式A.一个错误观点。B.我不同意。Manypeoplearguethat错误观点。Bysayingthat,theymean对这个观点的进一步解释。Anexampletheyhavepresentedisthat一个例子。(AccordingtoasurveyperformedbyXonagroupofY,almost80%ofthem赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响)。Theremightbesomeelementoftruthinthesepeople’sbelief.Butifweconsideritindepth,wewillfeelnoreservationtoconcludethat与错误观点相反的观点。Thereareanumberofreasonsbehindmybelief.(以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。三、社会问题(现象)式A.一个社会问题或者现象。B.产生的原因C.对社会和我们生活的影响D.如何杜绝。(如果是问题的话)E.前景的预测。Nowadays,thereexistsanincreasinglyserioussocial/economic/environmentalproblem.(Xhasincreasinglybecomeacommonconcernofthepublic).Accordingtoasurvey,调查内容说明这种现象的情况。(或者是一个例子)。Thereareacoupleofreasonsboomingthisproblem/phenomenon.下面参照辩论式议论文的写法。Xhascausedsubstantialimpactonthesocietyandourdailylife,whichhasbeenarticulated(表达)inthefollowingaspects.参照辩论式议论文的写法。AdozenofmeasuresaresupposedtotaketopreventXfrombringingusmoreharm.参照辩论式议论文的写法。Basedontheabovediscussions,Icaneasilyforecastthatmoreandmorepeoplewill……..图表式作文Itisobviousinthegraph/tablethattherate/number/amountofYhasundergonedramaticchanges.Ithasgoneup/grown/fallen/droppedconsiderablyinrecentyears(asXvaries).Atthepointof(接近)X1,Yreachesitspeakvalueof…(多少).Whatisthereasonforthischange?Mainlythereare…(多少)reasonsbehindthesituationreflectedinthegraphic/table.Firstofall,…(第一个原因).Moreimportantly,…(第二个原因).Mostimportantofall,…(第三个原因).Fromtheabovediscussions,wehaveenoughreasontopredictwhatwillhappeninthenearfuture.Thetrenddescribedinthegraph/tablewillcontinueforquitealongtime(ifnecessarymeasuresarenottaken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).辩论式议论文模版1Somepeoplebelieve(argue,recognize,think)that观点1.Butotherpeopletakeanoppositeside.Theyfirmlybelievethat观点2.Asforme,Iagreetotheformer/latteridea.Thereareadozenofreasonsbehindmybelief.Firstofall,论据1.Moreimportantly,论据2.Mostimportantofall,论据3.Insummary,总结观点.Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表决心.或Fromabove,wecanpredictthat预测.模版2PeopleholddifferentviewsaboutX.Somepeopleareoftheopinionthat观点1,whileotherspointoutthat观点2.AsfarasIamconcerned,theformer/latteropinionholdsmoreweight.Foronething,论据1.Foranother,论据2.Lastbutnottheleast,论据3.Toconclude,总结观点.Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表决心.或Fromabove,wecanpredictthat预测.模版3Thereisnoconsensus一致ofopinionsamongpeopleaboutX(争论的焦点)。Somepeopleareoftheviewthat观点1,whileotherstakeanoppositeside,firmlybelievingthat观点2。AsfarasIamconcerned,theformer/latternotion(观念)ispreferableinmanysenses.Thereasonsareobvious.Firstofall,论据1。Furthermore,论据2。Amongallofthesupportingevidences,oneisthestrongest.Thatis,论据3。Anaturalconclusionfromtheabovediscussionisthat总结观点。Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表决心.或Fromabove,wecanpredictthat预测常用句型:1.表示原因1)Therearethreereasonsforthis.2)Thereasonsforthisareasfollows.3)Thereasonforthisisobvious.4)Thereasonforthisisnotfartoseek.5)Thereasonforthisisthat...6)Wehavegoodreasontobelievethat...例:Therearethreereasonsforthechangesthathavetakenplaceinourlife.Firstly,people’slivingstandardhasbeengreatlyimproved.Secondly,mostpeoplearewellpaid,andtheycanaffordwhattheyneedorlike.Lastbutnotleast,moreandmorepeopleprefertoenjoymodernlife.注:如考生写第一个句子没有把握,可将其改写成两个句子。如:Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourlife.Therearethreereasonsforthis.这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。2.表示好处1)Ithasthefollowingadvantages.2)Itdoesusalotofgood.3)Itbenefitsusquitealot.4)Itisbeneficialtous.5)Itisofgreatbenefittous.例:Booksarelikefriends.Theycanhelpusknowtheworldbetter,andtheycanopenourmindsandwidenourhorizons.Therefore,readingextensivelyisofgreatbenefittous.3.表示坏处1)Ithasmoredisadvantagesthanadvantages.2)Itdoesusmuchharm.3)Itisharmfultous.例:However,everythingdividesintotwo.Televisioncanalsobeharmfultous.Itcandoharmtoourhealthandmakeuslazyifwespendtoomuchtimewatchingtelevi-sion.1)Itisimportant(necessary,difficult,convenient,possible)forsb.todosth.2)Wethinkitnecessary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