the wine drinking culture of Western countries

ThewinedrinkingcultureofWesternOriginoftheWesternwine1.Greekmythology2.TheBible3.MiddleEasternorigin1.GreekmythologyDionysus,theGreekgodofwineandfertility,wanderedthroughmanylands,teachingmenthesecretsofcultivatinggrapesandmakingwine.Dionysus2.TheBible•Theearliestwrittenaccountofviniculture(葡萄酒酿造学)isintheOldTestament(基督教的《旧约全书》)oftheBiblewhichtellsusthatNoahplantedavineyardandmadewine.3.MiddleEasternorigin•AnancientPersianfable（波斯寓言）creditsaladydiscoveredwine.ThisPrincess,havinglostfavorwiththeKing,attemptedtopoisonherselfbyeatingsomegrapesthathadgotbadinajar.Shebecamegiddyandfellasleep.Whenshewokeup,shefoundthestressthathadmadeherlifeintolerablehaddisappeared.ThenherconductchangedsoremarkablythatsheregainedtheKing'sfavor.TheWesternWineProductionProcess•Growinggrapes.•Harvest•Initialprocessingofthegrapejuice•Fermentation-turninggrapejuiceintoalcohol•Malo-lacticfermentation（乳酸发酵）•Firstracking•Wineryaging•Filtration(筛选、过滤)•Pasteurization(加热杀菌法)•BottlingwineMainkindofwesternwine•BeerAmericanbeer,withveryfewexceptions,variesfromthemediocretotheterrible.TherearenotmanytypesofbeerintheUS—lightanddarkaretwotermscommonlyused.Cocktails•Acocktailisanalcoholicmixeddrinkthatcontainstwoormoreingredients—atleastoneoftheingredientsmustbeaspirit.•Cocktailswereoriginallyamixtureofspirits,sugar,water,andbitters.Whiskey•Whiskyisatypeofdistilledalcoholicbeveragemadefromfermentedgrainmash.Differentgrainsareusedfordifferentvarieties,includingbarley(大麦),rye（黑麦）,wheat,andcorn.Wine•Wineismadeoffermentedfruitjuice,usuallyfromgrapes.Thenaturalchemicalbalanceofgrapesletsthemfermentwithouttheadditionofsugars,acids,enzymes(酶),orothernutrients.Differentkindsofwineusedifferentglasstohold.ThemannerofwinedrinkingAtadinnerparty•Hostofthedinnerpartyshouldmakeatoastfirst.Thisglassofwinecanworshiptoeveryone,ortotheVIP.•Afterthetoast,youdon’tneedtoapplaud,becausethisisnotameeting,justadinnerparty.•Ifyouarenotgoodatdrinking,youshouldalsojointheranksofthetoast.Youcanpoursomenon-alcoholdrinkinyouglass.•Westernerswillenjoythecolor、smellofthewinebeforetheydrinkit,showingtheirrespecttothewine.•TheWesternersdrinkforjoy,soyoudon’tneedtodrinkthewineupatonetime.Youshouldtasteitseveraltimesslowly.That’sall!Thankyou~!