四级翻译2~文化篇

重点词汇•保护文化遗产protectculturalheritage•把……列为世界自然文化遗产list…asaworldnaturalheritagesite•四大文明古国之一oneofthefourancientcivilizations•源远流长/历史悠久have/withalonghistory•春秋时期theSpringandAutumnPeriod•来源于derivefrom/originatefrom•朝代dynasty古都ancientcapital•远古时代ancienttimes原始社会primitivesociety•追溯到datebackto发祥地birthplace端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。但最后因为受到诽谤（vilify）而最终投河自尽。人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子（ricedumplings），希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身躯。几千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽子和赛龙舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。中国节日文化•端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。•端午节•纪念•诗人•爱国commemorate/rememberpoetpatriotic/lovecountryTheDuanwuFestival,alsocalledtheDragonBoatFestival,istocommemoratethepatrioticpoetQuYuan/istorememberthepostQuYuanwholoveshiscountry.DragonBoatFestival•屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。•忠诚的•受人敬仰的•和平•繁荣winrespectpeaceprosperity/successQuYuanwasaloyalministerwhowonpeople’srespect.Healsobroughtpeaceandprosperitytothestate/country.loyal•但最后因为受到诽谤（vilify）而最终投河自尽。•但•因为•最终•投河自尽because/duetofinally/eventuallydrownedoneself/diedintheriverButfinallyhedrownedhimselfintheriverbecauseofbeingvilified.but/however•人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子（ricedumpling），希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身躯。•撑船•自尽的地方•抛下•身躯thatplacethrowbodyPeoplegottothatplacebyboatandthrewricedumplingsintothewater.TheyhopedthatthefishatethedumplingsinsteadofQuYuan’sbody.byboat•几千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽子和赛龙舟，尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。•特色•河湖•密布•南方省份riverandlakemanysouthernprovinceForthousandsofyears,thefeaturesofthefestivalwereeatingdumplingsanddragonboatraces,especiallyinthesouthernprovinceswheretherearemanyriversandlakes.feature定语从句•IshallneverforgetthedaywhenIenteredtheuniversity.(onwhich)•ThisisthefactorywhereIworkedthreeyearsago.(inwhich)•ThatisthereasonwhyI'mnotinfavoroftheplan.(forwhich)•Thatwasthemoment______thecinemawasborn.•Doyouknowtheyear______theChineseCommunistPartywasfounded?•Thisisthepen__________heboughtyesterday.•Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactory_______weareworking.•YesterdayIhelpedanoldman__________losthisway.•Hewasbornonarainymorning_______hisfatherwasworkingoutside.•Oneofthemajorreasons_______thischangehashappenedistheincreasedinfluenceofTV.Short-termmemorytestChinesefestivalsDoyouknowthefollowingphrases?LanternFestivalTomb-sweepingFestival/DayDragon-boatFestivalTheParty’sDayNewYear’sEveLaborDayHalloweenDoubleSeventhDayYouthDayDoubleNinthFestivalDragon/liondanceBidfarewelltotheoldyearOffersacrificetoone’sancestorsFamilyreuniondinnerPayNewYear’svisit/callGetridoftheillfortuneLanternFestivalTomb-sweepingDayDragon-boatFestivalTheParty’sDayNewYear’sEveLaborDayHalloweenDoubleSeventhDayDoubleNinthDayYouthDayDragon/LiondanceBidfarewelltotheoldyearOffersacrificetoone’sancestorsFamilyreuniondinnerPayNewYear’svisit/callGetridoftheillfortuneDoyourememberthefollowingphrases?DoubleSeventhDayFestival/DayDragon-boatFestivalLanternFestivalNewYear’sEveLaborDayHalloweenTomb-sweepingYouthDayTheParty’sDayGetridoftheillfortuneDragon/liondanceOffersacrificetoone’sancestorsFamilyreuniondinnerPayNewYear’svisit/callBidfarewelltotheoldyearDoubleNinthFestival中国共有八大菜系(cuisines)，包括辛辣的(pungency)川菜和清淡的(lightness)粤菜。中国餐馆在世界各地很受欢迎。然而，中国人的生活方式日益变化，无论是自己下厨还是上餐馆，都出现了全新的饮食习惯。在一些传统的中国菜中，添加了奶酪和番茄酱。城市消费者频繁地光顾一些快餐连锁店，比如麦当劳和肯德基。收入的不断增长，对国际食品的更多了解，加上超市购物的便捷，使中国出现了更乐于尝试包装及罐装食品(packagedandcannedfood)的新一代消费者。中国饮食文化•中国共有八大菜系(cuisines)，包括辛辣的(pungency)川菜和清淡的(lightness)粤菜。•辛辣的•川菜•清淡的•粤菜SichuanfoodlightCantonesedishChinahas8majorcuisines,includingthespicySichuancuisine/foodandthelightCantonesecuisine/dish.spicy•中国餐馆在世界各地很受欢迎。然而，中国人的生活方式日益变化，无论是自己下厨还是上餐馆，都出现了全新的饮食习惯。•生活方式•下厨•饮食习惯cookeatinghabitChineserestaurantsareverypopularallovertheworld.However,Chineselifestyleischangingeveryday,nomattercookingathomeoreatingatrestaurants.lifestyle•在一些传统的中国菜中，添加了奶酪和番茄酱。城市消费者频繁地光顾一些快餐连锁店，比如麦当劳和肯德基。•奶酪•番茄酱•消费者•快餐连锁店ketchupconsumer/customerCheeseandketchupareaddedtosometraditionalChinesefood.Inthecity,theconsumersfrequentlygotofastfoodchains,suchasMcDonald’sandKFC.cheesefastfoodchain•收入的不断增长，对国际食品的更多了解，加上超市购物的便捷，使中国出现了更乐于尝试包装及罐装食品(packagedandcannedfood)的新一代消费者。•便捷•罐装食品•包装cannedfoodpackageDuetothegrowthofpeople’sincome,moreknowledge/understandingaboutinternationalfoodandtheconvenienceofsupermarket,anewgenerationofconsumerswhoaremorelikelytobuypackagedandcannedfoodappearinChina.convenience作业要求•完成9篇文化篇翻译，并结合参考答案背诵单词，每篇熟读7遍以上农历正月十五是中国的元宵节，人们习惯在门外悬挂大红灯笼，孩子们提着彩色的灯笼玩，大人们则上街观赏各式各样的灯笼。据记载，灯笼早在约3000年前就出现在元宵节上。到了唐代，朝廷（thecourt）将灯笼与佛教联系起来，从此灯笼就成了元宵节官方礼仪的一部分。不同地区的彩灯风格迥异，陕北的农民用南瓜做灯笼，用棉花等材料做羊头形状。而北京因为是帝王之都，灯笼一般做成宫廷灯笼的样子。作业1——中国节日The15thdayofthefirstlunarmonthistheLanternFestivalinChina.Itisthecustomtohangredlanternsonthegate.Childplaywithcoloredlanternsandpeoplegotosquaresandstreetstoviewandadmiredecorativelanterns.ItisrecordedthatlanternsadornedtheLanternFestivalatleast3,000yearsago.BytheTangDynasty,thecourthadconnectedlanternswithBuddhismandmadelightingoflanternsattheLanternFestivalapartofofficialprotocol.Coloredlanternsindifferentregionshavetheirownspecificfeatures.FarmersinnorthernShanxiprovincemakelanternsoutofpumpkins,withmaterialslikecottonandintheshapeo