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初中英语-现在完成时-专项练习1）现在完成时通常表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响,常和already,just,never,ever,before,yet,manytimes等连用.Shehasarrived.她到了。Mydaughterhasjustgoneout.我女儿刚出去2）表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently，for+一段时间,since+过去时间点/从句等。如：Theworkerhasworkedinthisfactoryfor10years/since10yeasago/since2005Wehaven’tseenyourecently.最近我们没有见到你Shehasbeenawayfortwoyears.她离开已经两年了。ShehasbeenwithussinceMonday.3）Havebeento表示去过某地方，不过现在已经回来Havegoneto表示去了，还未回来Havebeenin表示一直在某个地方结构1.肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他2.否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他3.一般疑问句：have/has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他Yes,主语+have/has.No,主语+have/has+not4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他注意：当现在完成时与表示短时间的时间状语连用时，谓语动词必须使用延续性动词。如果谓语动词是非延续性动词则转化为对应的延续性动词。若不是和短时间连用，则不用转化。英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分，瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用，通常用意思相当的持续性动词来替换常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系：1、go—beaway2、come—behere3、comeback—beback4、leave—beaway（benothere）5、buy—have6、borrow—keep7、die——bedead8、begin——beon9、finish—beover10、open——beopen11、close——beclosed12、lose——belost13、gettoknow—know14、turnon—beon15、getup——beup16、sitdown—sit/beseated17、join—bein（…）或bea…member18、become—be现在完成时练习一：写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词1.take-2.sit-3.eat-4.have-5.look-begin-arrive-6.come-7.sleep-8.run-9.write-10.read-11.go-12.talk-13.work-14.play-15.tell-16.clean-17.wait-18.study-19.shop-20.swim-21.watch-22.teach-23.think-24stay-25.practice-26.visit-27spend-1.I____already____(see)thefilm.I________(see)itlastweek.2._____he____(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.3.Myfather____just____(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.4.Where’sLiMing?He__________(go)totheteacher’soffice.5.I__________(work)heresinceI______(move)herein1999.6.SofarI_____(make)quiteafewfriendshere.7.Howlong____theWangs___(stay)here?Fortwoweeks.8.I_____just______(finish)myhomework.10.____you______(find)yoursciencebookyet?1Haveyouever______(take)atrain?2It_________(be)morethanthreeyearssinceJim______(leave)here.3Haveyou_____(make)friendswithyournewclassmatesyet?4I_______(have)mylunchandI'mnothungrynow.5Jimhasnever______(see)apandabefore6We______(be)goodfriendssincewemetatschool.7Wecan'tfindhimanywhere.Perhapshe______(go)home.8He_____(read)thebookbefore.9Mr.Green_____(teach)usalotaboutsocialstudiessinceSeptember.10I_____never____(meet)hersisterbefore.11I___________(teach)hereforfifteenyears.12I_____(teach)hereforayear.13Mr.Smith__________(work)heresince1984.14He___________(learn)about5,000Englishwordssincehe_____(go)tocollege.15We_____(know)eachotherfortwentyyears.16.We______just_______(repair)ourcar,nowitisgood.17.She_______already_______(have)lunch,sheisfull18Mr.Brown_______(be)_____(in,to)Shanghaiforthreedays.19I_____just_______(be)_____(in,to)thepostoffice.20.I____already____(see)thefilm.I___(see)itlastweek.21.___he____(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.22.___you____(be)toHongKong?Yes,I_____(be)theretwice.23.He_______just______(finish)hishomework.24._______theyoungwomanever_______(travel)toEngland?25._______eachofyou_______(read)“Gonewiththewind”yet?26.Haveyou_______(get)anynewCDs?27.Myfamilyhavenever_______(be)toSan28Mary_____never______(be)_____(in,to)theGreatWall.29______youever______(be)_____(in,to)Hangzhou?30I___________(be)_____(in,to)Beijingthreetimes.31They___________(be)_____(in,to)thatvillageseveraltimes.32----WhereisTom?----He___________(go)_____(in,to)thebookshop.33JackJohnson___________(go)_____(in,to)London.六、用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto1)WhereisJack?He__________hiscountry.3)John_______Englandsincehecameback.4)Howlong_____they_____thisvillage?5)TheSmiths______Beijingforyears.6)_____youever____America?--Yes,I_____theremanytimes.7)I_____thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.8)WhereisJim?He_____thefarm.句型转换：Hehascleanedhisroom(否定，一般疑问，肯定回答)Theyhavelivedinthiscityfortenyears.(否定，一般疑问，肯定回答,提问)Timhasdecidedtogotothezoo.(否定，一般疑问，肯定回答,提问)1.IhavebeentoMacaubefore.(改为否定句)I__________________beentoMacaubefore.2.Hehasn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.(就划线部分提问)_____________hecometoschool?3.Iboughanewbikejustnow.(用just改写)I____just____anewbike.4.WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.(改为同义句)We________English____threeyears6.Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(对划线部分提问)______________havetheybeenhere?