Lesson9AcoldwelcomeNewwordsandexpressions★welcomen.欢迎;v.欢迎①n.欢迎acoldwelcome冷遇②v.欢迎welcometo+地点welcometoChina;welcometomyhome;welcomehome;welcomeback③adj.受欢迎的Youarewelcome.Youarewelcometo+地点★crowdn.人群①n.人群inthecrowd在人群中Ispottedhiminthecrowd.我在人群中一眼就认出了他。acrowdofpeople一群人,没有次序的人群,拥挤的人群agroupofpeople一群人,有次序的人群alargecrowdofpeople一大群人crowdsofpeople许多人,人山人海②v.拥挤,挤满Hundredsofpeoplecrowdedthestreet.大街上挤满了几百个人。Theyhadmanagedtocrowdintoatrain.他们勉强挤上了一列火车。★gatherv.聚集①vt.使集拢,集合,召集Hegatheredalargecrowdofpeopleroundhim.②vt收集,采集,收(庄稼等)Thechildrenareoutinthefieldgatheringflowers.孩子们在外面地里采花。Ithastakenmealifetimetogatherallthesebooks.收集所有这些书花了我一辈子的时间。③vi.集拢,聚集,集合TheygatheredundertheTownHallclock.peoplegathered人们聚集在一起,尤指自发性的聚集★handn.(表或机器的)指针;手minutehand;secondhand;hourhandsecondhand二手的,旧的,秒针waitmeamoment/waitmeafewseconds/forafewsecs.)(secs.是seconds的缩写)★refusev.拒绝①vt.拒绝(接受、服从等)Sherefusedthegift.②vt.拒不,不肯,不愿Johnrefusedtochangehismind.约翰拒不改变主意。③vi.拒绝,不接受Iofferedtopayhimforhishelp,butherefused.对于他的帮助我提出给他报酬,但他拒绝了。★shoutv.喊叫callout大声喊叫cryout大声哭喊scream尖叫1、Acoldwelcome冷遇coldadj.冷的,寒冷的,冷淡的coldfish冷漠的人Mybrotherisacoldfish.luckydog幸运的人Whatdoesacoldwelcomereferto?(referto指……)2、OnWednesdayevening,wewenttotheTownHall.morning,afternoon,evening前如果加修饰词则用介词on,否则用inTownHall市政厅3、ItwasthelastdayoftheyearandalargecrowdofpeoplehadgatheredundertheTownHallclock.•thelastdayoftheyear一年中的最后一天•alargecrowdofthepeople一大群人4、Itwouldstriketwelveintwentyminutes'time.★strikev.打,击;敲,弹(钟,乐器等)①v.打,击Shestruckthemanintheface.②v.敲,弹(钟,乐器等)striketheclock(人)敲钟clockstrike钟自己响Listen,theclockisstriking.striketwelve数字表示敲击的次数minutes'名词所有格,用来表达时间名词所有格表示时间或距离Itwillleaveinfiveminutes‘time.intwenty(minutes‘time)名词所有格可省略anhour'stimeHowfaristheschoolfromhere?3minutes'walk.三分钟路程。5、Fifteenminutespassedandthen,atfivetotwelve,theclockstopped.…minutespass…几点过几分(前半小时,pass过了)25minutespassedeight…minutesto…几点过几分(后半小时,to还没到)aquartertonine/15minutestonine时刻前的介词用at…(sometime)passedandthen,sth.happened……时间过去了,……Anhourpassedandthen,hearrived.一个小时过去了,他终于来了。…minuteslater几分钟以后6、Wewaitedandwaited,butnothinghappened.•waitedandwaited等啊等啊,强调动作的重复(walkedandwalked;runandrun)•happenvi.事情做主语,事情发生•Whathappened?•Nothinghappened.7、Itwastrue.•Itwastruethat+从句•……是一个事实8、ThebigclockrefusedtowelcometheNewYear.•refusetodosth.拒绝去做某事•Irefusetoleave.我拒绝离开•Irefusetomove.我拒绝移动9、Atthatmoment,everybodybegantolaughandsing.•atthatmoment=justthen就在那时•atthemoment=now现在,此刻,在此时【Keystructures】引导时间状语的介词in/on/at/during/till与until1、用in的时间短语有:①表示一天中的某段时间:inthemorning;intheafternoon;intheevening②表示周、月份、年份:inaweek;inJanuary;inFeb;in1992③表示季节:insummer;inspring;inautumn;inwinterin+表示时间长度的短语可以表示“在某段时间之内”,这时可以与现在时、过去时或将来时连用,一般与完成某动作有关;还可译为“……时间之后”,一般与将来时连用。根据时态判别in表示的含义intwentyminutes'time20分钟之后Wewillfinishclassinhalfanhour.2、用on的时间短语有:①表示星期:onMonday;onFriday②表示日期:onJune1st;on23rdMarch(在书写日期时没有冠词,但在口语中则分别读为:onJunethefirst;onthe23rdofMarch)③表示星期+日期:onMonday,June1st④表示具体时间:onWednesdayevening;onfineafternoon;onthatday3、用at的时间短语有:①表示确切的时间:atfivetotwelve;atteno'clock②表示用餐时间:atlunch/dinnertime;atteatime③表示其他时刻:atnight;atnoon;atmidnight;atthattime4、during在……期间,后必须跟一个名词,可以指整个一段时间,有时可以用in替代Hehasphonedfourtimesduringthelasthalfhour.Imethimsometimeduringtheweek.(不能用in代替)我是在这一周的某天遇到他的。duringtheholiday强调假期的从头到尾Heenjoyedhimselfduringhisholiday.intheholiday强调这段时间其中某一点时间,并不表示自始至终Iwascaughtinanaccidentintheholiday.5、from…till…指一段明确的时间:ThetouristseasonrunsfromJunetillOctober.6、untilprep.&conj.直到……时候,直到什么时候为止,直到什么时候才until主句和从句两个都用一般过去时对(最习惯的一种用法),主句和从句任何一个用过去完成是也对Ican'tenterforthesportsmeetinguntiltomorrow.Ihadnotunderstoodtheproblemuntilheexplainedit.Wehadn'tdisturbedhimuntilhefinishedwork.Wedidn'tdisturbhimuntilhehadfinishedwork.Wedidn'tdisturbhimuntilhefinishedwork.(更习惯于这种用法)7、from…to…EverydaywehaveEnglishclassfrom8:30to11:30.关于时间表示方法:What’sthetime?/Whattimeisit?A整点:Ao’clockA点B分(B30):AB/BpastAzA点15分:Afifteen/fifteenpastA/aquarterpastAA点30分:Athirty/halfpastAA点B分(B30):AB/(60-B)to(A+1)A点45分:Aforty-five/aquarterto(A+1)/fifteento(A+1)【SpecialDifficulties】Any,Not...AnyandNo•any用于否定句和疑问句中,some用于肯定句(或要求得到肯定回答的疑问句)•Doyouhaveanyfriends?•Idon'thaveanyfriends.•not用在非实义动词后面,实义动词前面.•notany=noadj.用在名词前面,no比notany的语气要强,但这两种否定的意义是相同的。•Ihavenofriends.•no可构成复合词nobody,none,nothing,nowhere;any可构成复合词anybody,anything和anywhere。在一个句子中通常只能有一个否定词(包括never,hardly等词)