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143-144（1）Lesson143AwalkthroughthewoodsLesson144Hehasn’tbeenservedyetHewillbeservedsoon一本课重点语法：现在完成时态和一般将来时态被动语态二单词详解1surroundv.包围，围绕Thebeautifulwhitehouseissurroundedbygreentrees.Hewassurroundedbythesoldiers.2placev.放，放置Heplacedthebooksontheshelf.安置，任命There’sanobetterwaytoplacethehomelesschildren.Onecannotbeintwoplacesatonce.一心不可二用。n．地方3wood木头，木材树木woods小树林forest森林可数名词Evenwoodshaveears.隔墙有耳4throw–threw–thrownthrowaway扔掉5beautyspot风景点touristattraction游览胜地beauty美好；美人；完美Sheisknownasagreatbeauty.BeautyandtheBeast美女与野兽spot场地，场所onthespot在现场，当场Hegotthejobonthespot.6rubbish垃圾；无意义的东西；废话；劣质的东西householdrubbish家庭垃圾He'stalkingrubbish.他在胡说八道。garbage〈美〉垃圾,废物;.垃圾场；垃圾箱；垃圾桶在英国英语中，rubbish最常用来表示丢弃的废物，但是在美国英语中garbage和trash更为常用，litter废弃物;小的垃圾（纸片、铅笔头）还可以是动词扔垃圾乱丢杂物Pleasedonotlitter.7hundred①threehundred/hundredsof②hundredsofthousandsof成百上千的8citysleeplesscity不夜城我是一个lady，住在这个city，样子像个baby，经常缺少money，只因自lazy，143-144（2）不太爱去study,偶尔感到lonely，生活让我crazy，就去上网happy，最近有点heavy,减肥不太easy，看戏喜欢funny，性格有点hurry，我是不是有点silly？8countV.Icountedthemoney,itwasfarfromenough.counton依靠，依赖Youcancountonmyhelp.9coverV覆盖，遮蔽Thedeskwascoveredwithpapers.掩护Yougofirst.I'llcoveryouStealabellwithone'searscovered.掩耳盗铃n.封皮，封面thecoverofthebook遮盖物，掩护Theymoveundercoverofdarkness10across横穿，穿过，特指从一边到另一边swimacrosstheriver/walkacrossthestreetover越过，翻越过去climboverthemountainthrough穿过特指从某空间内部穿过gothroughtheforestthrough:①表示时间，在……期间Hestayabroadallthroughtheyear.②表示方向，从一端到另一端Hewentthroughtheforest.③表示状态，经历，渡过IhopeIcangothroughthis.11piece块，片，段，截apieceofcake/paper/wood12visitor客人，访问者，旅游者visitv.visitmyoldfriendn.payavisittosp./sbtourist观光旅游者13tyre轮胎，可数名词美语中常用tire14tidykeepittidy/cleanandtidy15rustyarustyirongate一个生锈的铁门16litterThestreetisfulloflitter.Nolitter.请勿乱扔垃圾litterbasket垃圾筐17among三者或三者以上之间between两者之间18prosecute依法处置①起诉，检举，依法处置Theyprosecutedhimforstealing.143-144（3）②彻底进行，执行，履行Iamtryingmybesttoprosecutemyduties二课文详解1．Iliveinaveryoldtownwhichissurroundedbybeautifulwoods.我住在一个由美丽的树林环绕的古老的小镇上。这是一个主从复合句，whichissurroundedby...为定语从句，修饰town。which指代town。从句用的是被动语态，besurroundedby“被......所包围”，如果将从句独立为一个句子，则为：Mytownissurroundedbybeautifulwoods.2Itisafamousbeautyspot.①beautyspot风景点touristattraction游览胜地②befamousfor/as3OnSundays,hundredsofpeoplecomefromthecitytoseeourtownandtowalkthroughthewoods.①onSundays是泛指“在星期天”，而不是指在某个星期天。②hundredsofpeople，数以百计的（游）人。复数形式表概数，“数以......计的”与of连用，作名词的修饰语，其后面的名词必然是复数形式。③toseeourtownandtowalkthroughthewoods为不定式短语作目的状语。这里用and连接的两个动词不定式。④介词through，“穿过”，强调纵深向，如：walkthroughtheforest穿过森林：而across强调横向，如：walkacrossthestreet横穿街道4Visitorshavebeenaskedtokeepthewoodscleanandtidy．游客已被告知要保持树林的整洁。①现在完成时的被动语态，说明需求的行为应为游客所知。beaskedtodosth.Iamaskedtofinishthehomeworkfirst.②tokeepthewoodscleanandtidy是动词不定式短语keepsb/sthadj.adj是宾补cleanandtidy表示“整洁的，清洁的”这是英语中的常用结构，其它常见的类似结构还有：blackandblue青一块紫一块；happyandgay高高兴兴heartandsoul全心全意，一心一意5Litterbasketshavebeenplacedunderthetrees,butpeoplestillthrowtheirrubbisheverywhere.①litterbaskets②throwstheverywhere把……扔得到处都是6LastWednesday,Iwentforawalkinthewoods.WhatIsawmademeverysad①goforawalk去散步=takeawalk②WhatIsawmademeverysad主语从句143-144（4）例如：Whatthelittleboydidsurprisedhismother./Whatyoudomakesmehappy.makesbadj./n使某人……makemehappy8.Thelitterbasketswereemptyandthegroundwascoveredwithpiecesofpaper，cigaretteends，oldtyres，emptybottlesandrustytins.①and连接的并列句and用在最后一个并列成分之前②becoveredwith...被......覆盖Thedesksarecoveredwithdust./Thegroundwascoveredwithsnow.③cigaretteends9.Amongtherubbish,Ifoundasignwhichsaid“Anyonewholeaveslitterinthesewoodswillbeprosecuted！”①这是一个主从复合句，who引导定语从句，修饰先行词anyone。willbeprosecuted为将来时的被动语态。Anyonewhocomestothepartyiswelcome.该晚会来者不拒③sign标志，手势②said表示，显示,写着Theclocksaysthreeo’clock.四重点语法上一次介绍了被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时形式，这里介绍其现在完成时和一般将来时形式：（1）现在完成时形式：has/have+been+过去分词：Thebaskethasalreadybeenemptied.篮子已经被腾空了。Theyhavealreadybeeninvited.他们已被邀请。（2）一般将来时形式：will/shall+be+过去分词：Thefloorwillbesweptsoon.地不久就会扫的。Thehousewillbecleanedsoon.刀不久就会磨的。