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大学英语四级阅读理解模拟试题及答案详解1WhatisitaboutAmericansandfood?Welovetoeat,butwefeel1aboutitafterward.Wesaywewantonlythebest,butwestrangelyenjoyjunkfood.We’re2withhealthandweightlossbutfaceanunprecedentedepidemicofobesity(肥胖).Perhapsthe3tothisambivalence(矛盾情结)liesinourhistory.ThefirstEuropeanscametothiscontinentsearchingfornewspicesbutwentinvain.Thefirstcashcrop(经济作物)wasn’teatenbutsmoked.ThentherewasProhibition,intendedtoprohibitdrinkingbutactuallyencouragingmore4waysofdoingit.Theimmigrantexperience,too,hasbeenoneofinharmony.DoasRomansdomeanseatingwhat“realAmericans”eat,butournation’sfoodhascometobe5byimports—pizza,say,orhotdogs.Andsomeofthecountry’smosttreasuredcookingcomesfrompeoplewhoarrivedhereinshackles.Perhapsitshouldcomeasnosurprisethenthatfoodhasbeenamediumforthenation’sdefiningstruggles,whetherattheBostonTeaPartyorthesitinsatsouthernlunchcounters.Itisintegraltoourconceptsofhealthandevenmoralitywhetheronerefrainsfromalcoholforreligiousreasonsorevadesmeatforpolitical6.Butstrongopinionshavenotbrought7.Americansareambivalentaboutwhattheyputintheirmouths.Wehavebecome8ofourfoods,especiallyaswelearnmoreaboutwhattheycontain.The9infoodisstillprosperousintheAmericanconsciousness.It’snocoincidence,then,thatthefirstThanksgivingholdstheAmericanimaginationinsuchbondage(束缚).It’swhatweeat—andhowwe10itwithfriends,family,andstrangers—thathelpdefineAmericaasacommunitytoday.A.answerI.creativeB.resultJ.beliefC.shareK.suspiciousD.guiltyL.certaintyE.constantM.obsessedF.definedN.identifyG.vanishO.idealsH.adapted答案及解析1.Dfeel是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，以及后面介词about,可以确定选项为D项guilty,短语feelguiltyaboutsth.“对……感到有愧”。全句的意思为“我们很爱吃，但是往往在吃完之后又有负罪感”。2.Mbeobsessedwith为固定搭配，原意为“被……附上/缠住/迷住心窍”，放在本句表示“十分重视”。全句的意思为“我们很关心健康和减肥，但肥胖却又空前地在蔓延”。3.A本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词to的搭配，可以推断出正确选项answer.4.I本句根据more和ways可以判断出需要填入一个形容词构成比较级，根据上下文，表示“旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒”，可以确定I为正确选项。5.F本题较难。根据be和by确定应填入一个过去分词。再根据上下文，上文表示“应该吃典型的美国人吃的食物”，下文通过but转折，表示实际上“美国的食物已经被诸如比萨和热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了”，因此可以确定F为正确选项。6.B政治结果，可根据宗教原因religiousreasons来推断此处填政治结果。7.L由于横线后面没有宾语，可以确定不是形成bring的短语，这样本句所缺的为一名词，做bring的宾语。根据下文解释，“美国人对他们所吃的食物的态度是矛盾的”，可以推出本句意义为“坚定的观点也不是确定不变的”。因此可以确定L为正确选项。8.K系动词become后应填入一个形容词，和后面介词of形成短语be/becomesuspiciousof“对……感到怀疑”。9.J本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词in的搭配，可以推断出正确选项belief，(have)beliefinsth.“相信……”。10.C本句是一般现在时，缺一个动词，且和with搭配，确定选项为share,sharesth.withsb.,“与某人分享某事”。大学英语四级阅读理解模拟试题及答案详解2BaekelandandHartmannreportthatthe“shortsleepers”hadbeenmoreorlessaverageintheirsleepneedsuntilthemenwereintheirteens.Butataboutage15orso,themenvoluntarilybegancuttingdowntheirnightlysleeptimebecauseofpressuresfromschool,work,andotheractivities.Thesementendedtoviewtheirnightlyperiodsofunconsciousnessasbothersomeinterruptionsintheirdailyroutines.Ingeneral,these“shortsleeps”appearedambitious,active,energetic,cheerful,conformist(不动摇)intheiropinions,andverysureabouttheircareerchoices.Theyoftenheldseveraljobsatonce,orworkersfull-orpart-timewhilegoingtoschool.Andmanyofthemhadastrongurgetoappear“normal”or“acceptable”totheirfriendsandassociates.Whenaskedtorecalltheirdreams,the“shortsleepers”didpoorly.Morethanthis,theyseemedtoprefernotremembering.Insimilarfashion,theirusualwayofdealingwithpsychologicalproblemswastodenythattheproblemexisted,andthentokeepbusyinthehopethatthetroublewouldgoaway.Thesleeppatternsofthe“shortsleepers”weresimilarto,butlessextremethan,sleeppatternsshownbymanymentalpatientscategorizedasmanic(疯人).The“longsleepers”werequitedifferentindeed.BaekelandandHartmannreportthattheseyoungmenhadbeenlengthysleepssincechildhood.Theyseemedtoenjoytheirsleep,protectedit,andwerequiteconcernedwhentheywereoccasionallydeprivedoftheirdesired9hoursofnightlybedrest.Theytendedtorecalltheirdreamsmuchbetterthandidthe“shortsleepers.”Manyofthe“longsleepers”wereshy,anxious,introverted(内向),inhibited(压抑),passive,mildlydepressed,andunsureofthemselves(particularlyinsocialsituations).Severalopenlystatesthatsleepwasanescapefromtheirdailyproblems.1.Accordingtothereport,______.A)manyshortsleepersneedlesssleepbynatureB)manyshortsleepersareobligedtoreducetheirnightlysleeptimebecausetheyarebusywiththeirworkC)longsleeperssleepalongerperiodoftimeduringthedayD)manylongsleeperspreservetheirsleepinghabitformedduringtheirchildhood2.Many“shortsleepers”arelikelytoholdtheviewthat_____.A)sleepisawithdrawalfromtherealityB)sleepinterfereswiththeirsoundjudgementC)sleepistheleastexpensiveitemontheirroutineprogramD)sleepisthebestwaytodealwithpsychologicaltroubles3.Itisstatedinthethirdparagraphthatshortsleepers_____.A)areideallyvigorousevenunderthepressuresoflifeB)oftenneglecttheconsequencesofinadequatesleepC)donotknowhowtorelaxproperlyD)aremoreunlikelytorunintomentalproblems4.Whensometimestheycannotenjoyadequatesleep,thelongsleepersmight____.A)appeardisturbedB)becomeenergeticC)feeldissatisfiedD)beextremelydepressed5.WhichofthefollowingisNotincludedinthepassage?A)Ifonesleepsinadequately,hisperformancesuffersandhismemoryisweakenedB)ThesleeppatternsofshortsleepersareexactlythesaneasthoseshownbymanymentalpatientsC)Longandshortsleepersdifferintheirattitudestowa