Be动词~一般现在时中be动词的用法beamisare(1)am用在I后Iamastudent.I'mhappy.(2)are用于复数主语和第二人称单数(你,您)等情况AreyouChinese?Theyarebasketballplayers.Thebooksareexpensive.(3)is用在主语是第三人称单数或不可数名词等情况Heismyfriend.Thedogisyellow.Timeismoney.be动词的缩写形式Iam=I'mhe/she/itis=he's/she's/it'swe/you/theyare=we're/you're/they'reisnot=isn'tarenot=aren'twhois=who'swhatis=what'sbe动词的在一般现在时中的各种句型1)肯定句:主语+be+其他成分Sheisbeautiful.2)否定句:主语+be+not+其他成分Sheisnotbeautiful.3)一般疑问句(用yes或no来回答):be+主语+其他成分+?Isshebeautiful?4)特殊疑问句:疑问词+be+主语(其他成分)+?What'syourname?Who'sthat?be的用法口诀:我用am,你用are,is跟着他、她、它。单数is,复数are,勿忘be的三变化。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。变否定,更容易,be后not莫忘记。疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。一般现在时中be动词的用法相对简单,上面的口诀基本包括了be动词的各种问题。用am/is/are填空1、She()astudent.2、Hisjacket()onthetable.3、We()family.4、-How()you?-I()fine,thanks.5、JackandI()goodfriends.6、()sheastudent?7、()youateacher?助动词do/does什么是助动词?顾名思义,助动词就是帮助动词的,而本身没有实际意义的动词,是具有雷锋精神的词汇。助动词do的三种变化形式do第三人称单数时使用的does过去式diddo的基本用法:1构成否定句2构成一般疑问句及回答3构成特殊疑问句do的各种形式肯定式:do否定式:don't/donotdo用在第一人称单复数、第二人称单复数和第三人称复数作主语,且时态为一般现在时的句子,如:Ilikethatdress.否定句:Idon'tlikethatdress.一般疑问句及回答:-Doyoulikethatdress?-Yes,Ido/No,Idon't.特殊疑问句:Whichdressdoyoulike?does肯定式:does否定式:doesn'tdoes用在第三人称单数作主语,且时态为一般现在时的句子当does出现时,句子中用动词原形。如:Shelikesthatdress.否定句:Shedoesn'tlikethatdress.一般疑问句及回答:-Doesshelikethatdress?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑问句:Whichdressdoesshelike?按要求改写句子:1.Ithinkheisveryold.(否定句)I______thinkhe______veryold.2.Thissignmeans“Nosmoking”.(改为特殊疑问句)What______thissign_________?3.Myplanthastwogreenleaves.(就划线部分提问)__________________________________________plant_______?4.Ilovemyparents.(改为一般疑问句)___________________________________?翻译句子1他不喜欢花。2他每天做什么?3Howdoyougotoschool?4Whichfilmdoyoulikebest?·情态动词有一定的意义·无人称和数的变化·除了ought和have通常不带to,后加动词原形·表示说话人的语气或情绪(请求、警告、命令等)情态动词needwill/wouldcan/couldhave/hadtomay/mightusedtooughttodareshall/shouldmust1.can/could1)表示能力IcanspeakEnglishandFrench.Hecandoithimself.2)表示事物一时的特征,理论上的可能性It'salwayswarmhere,however,sometimesitcanbeverycold.Evenanexperiencedteachercanmakemistakes.3)表示允诺,许可-CanIeatsomecandies,mom?-Yes,youcan./No,youcan't.Youcanhavemyseat.Iamgoingnow.4)表示推测-Someoneisknockingatthedoor.Whocanitbe?CanitbeTony?-No,itcan'tbehim.HeisinBeijingnow.No,hecouldn'tbeathief.Could是can的过去式,用法与can类似,常用于过去时中;could用在现在时中表示表示委婉、客气,相当于can。-Couldyouhelpme?/Couldyoudomeafavor?-Sure./Certainly.2.may和might1)表示请求或许可-May/MightIcomein?-Yes,youmay.2)表示可能性的推测Shehaschangedsomuchthatyoumaywellnotrecognizeher.It'stoolate.Ithinkhemay/mighthavegonetobed.3)may用于祈使句表示祝愿Mayyousucceed!Mayyoureturninsafe!关于may的一般问句的回答:肯定回答为“Yes,please./Certainly./Sure.”否定回答为“Pleasedon't./No,youcan't/musn't.”might是may的过去式,用法与may类似,常用于过去时中;用在疑问句中,还可表示委婉客气。3.must1)必须MustIsaysorry?Yes,youmust./No,youneedn't./No,youdon'thaveto.Youmustseeadoctor.2)猜测,“肯定,准是”Shemustbedoingherhomeworknow.Theremustbesomethingwrongwithmycomputer.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.Thegroundiswet.3)偏要,硬要Ifyoumustsmoke,pleasegoout.4)否定,表示“禁止”Youmustn'tplaywithfire.Youmayhurtyourself.must一般疑问句的否定回答用needn't或don'thaveto,而不用mustn't.因为mustn't表示“不可能,禁止”,语气比较强硬提到must,就不得不讲到它和haveto的对比。1)二者都有“必须”的意思,haveto表示客观上的需要,有被迫的意为,表示“不得不...”;must表示说话人主观上的看法,即主观上的必要。ex:Mybrotherisill,soIhavetocallthedoctorinthemiddleofthenight.Imustworkhardformyfuture.2)haveto有人称、时态和单复数上的变化,而must只有一种形式。haveto→hadtoIhaveto/shehastoex:Hehadtolookafterhissister,becausehisparentswerenotathomeyesterday.3)在否定形式中,“don'thaveto”表示“不必”,“musn't”表示“禁止”ex:Youdon'thavetotellhimthisnews.你不必告诉他这个消息。Youmusn'ttellhimthisnews.你一定不要告诉他这个消息。4.shall的用法1)shall常用于第一人称,表示简单的将来,构成将来时态。(助词)ex:Ishallthinkitoverandletyouknowmyidea.Whenshallwemeetagain?Weshallhaveagoodtimeinthepark.2)shall用于第一人称,还可以表示征求对方的意愿。ex:Whatshallwedothisevening?Shallwegotothemovies?3)shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。ex:Shallwebeginourlesson?(征求意见)Whenshallhebeabletoleavethehospital?(请示)4)shall用于第二、第三人称,表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。ex:Youshallfailifyoudon'tworkharder.(警告)HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishreading.(允诺)Youshallgetabikeasyourbirthday.(允诺)Heshallbepunished.(威胁)shall实际上是一个情态助词,表示“将要、要不要、应该”等意义,语气比较委婉,用于疑问句时意思为“干......好吗?”“要不要......”shall和will的对比1)shall和will作为助动词可以与动词原形一起构成将来时。如:IshallstudyharderatEnglish.我将更加努力学习英语。HewillgotoShanghai.他要去上海。2)以前的语法中,shall用于第一人称,will只用于第二、第三人称。现在,尤其是在口语中,will常用于第一人称,但shall只用于第一人称,如果用于第二、第三人称,就不再有“将要”的意义,就变成命令、警告或威胁的意思了。Heshallcome.(他必须来。)Hewillcome.(他要来。)5.should的用法1)表示义务或责任Youshouldworkhardandtakecareofyourfamily.Visitorsshoudobeytherulesofthezoo.2)表示劝告或推荐Heshouldstopsmoking.Youshouldn'tleavethebabyaloneinthehouse.Theyshouldhavecalledthepolice.3)表示假设的结果(可简略)Weshouldmovetoalargehouseifwehadmoney.4)用在形容词anxious,sorry,concerned,happy,delighted等后接的从句中(可简略)Wearesorrythatyoushouldfeeluncomfortable.5)用于if和incase引导的从句表示不太可能的事Ifyoushouldchangeyourmind,doletmeknow.Shouldanyonetelephone,tellthemI'mbusy.6)用于sothat和inorderthat之后表示目的或动机Heputthecasesinthecarsothatheshouldbeabletomakeanearlystart.Herepeatedtheinstructionsslowlyinorderthatheshouldunderstand.7)用于表示请求的客气说法Ishouldliketomakeaphonecall,ifpossible.Weshouldbegratefulforyourhelp.8)用于表达不成熟的意见Ishouldsayshe'soverforty.Ishouldimagineitwillt