搜索
GoodMorningLadiesandGentlemen!October8,2011Topic6Cityplanning(P95-104)-Keyterms-Generalknowledge-TextAI.Keyterms1.Generaltermurbancomprehensiveplanning城市总体规划overallurbanlayout城市总体布局urbandesign城市设计,urbanfabric城市结构infrastructureconstruction基础设施建设municipalengineering市政工程urbanelements城市要素,supplynetworks管网CBD(centralbusinessdistrict)城市中心商业区naturalscenery/attraction自然景观placesofhistoricfiguresandculturalheritage人文景观,urbanconstruction城市建设municipality市政当局,outlook(appearance)ofthecity市容,populationdensity人口密度2.Policyandsolutionurbanization城市化,suburbanization郊区化sustainabledevelopment(sustainability)可持续发展conurbation大都市，集合城市,integratedplanning统一规划,tertiarization第三产业化,satellitecity卫星城portbondedarea保税区,landrevenue土地收益centralheating集中供热,landlease土地出让completedresidentialareas竣工面积comfortablehousingproject安居工程upgradingurbanandruralpowergrids城乡电网改造basicmedicalinsurancesystemforurbanworkingpeople城镇职工基本医疗保险制度centralairconditioning中央空调,zoning分区制reformofhouseholdregistrationsystem户籍改革integrationofurbanandruralareas城乡一体化3.Housinghabitation住房,聚居地,estate住宅区propertytax物业税,proprietorcommittee业主委员会renovationofdilapidatedhousing危房改造indemnificatoryhousing保障性住房,mortgageloan抵押贷款innercity市中心,市中心平民区,slum贫民窟residencecompound(community)住宅小区realtytax不动产税,房产税,relocatedhouseholds搬迁户housingreserve,publiclyaccumulatedhousingfund,housingfund(reserve)住房公积金,low-renthousing廉租房housemaintenancereserve房屋维修基金matchedpublicinstallations配套公共设施affordablehousing经济适用房,floorarea建筑面积bungalow(singlestoreyhouse)平房,downpayment首付housingvacancyrate房屋空置率,usablefloorarea使用面积demolitionandrelocationcompensation拆迁补偿forwarddeliveryhousing期房,completehousing现房4.TertiaryindustryEngelcoefficient恩格尔系数,catering餐饮业mall购物中心,socialworker社会工作者cosmetologist美容师,hairstylist发型师cabinattendant乘务员,consultancycompany咨询公司financialinstitution金融机构,storage仓储logistics物流,homeservicesindustry家政服务业hourlyworkers小时工,maternitymatron月嫂boutique精品店,postandtelecommunications邮电geologicalsurvey地质勘测,pubicsanitation公共卫生socialwelfare社会福利,CivilAffairsBureau民政局Nine-yearCompulsoryEducation九年义务教育non-governmentalschool民办学校,civilaviation民航financialmanagement理财,stateorgan国家机关5.Livingenvironmentgraffito(-i)涂鸦,townscape城市景观gardenvirescence园林绿化,alley小巷,小街healthfacilities卫生设施,ecotourism生态旅游environmentalmonitoring环境监测,vegetation植被publicgreenspace(area)公共绿地,humidity湿度wasteland荒地,bumpyroad坑洼不平的道路boulevard林荫大道,fountain喷泉,conduit渠道rockery假山,flower-bed花坛,blindtrack盲道landscapelight景观灯,visibility能见度fishpond鱼池,protectiverailing护栏waysidepavilion凉亭,woodenfootway木栈道wateraffinitybalcony亲水平台,billboard广告牌6.Trafficflyover立交桥,commuting通勤,roundabout环岛doubledeckbus双层公共汽车,sidewalk人行道commutationticket月票,footbridge人行天桥undergroundwalkways地下通道,congestion堵塞crosswalk(zebracrossing)人行横道,carpool拼车tramcar,streetcar电车,有轨电车,ticketbarrier检票口commutertrain,suburbantrain市郊火车,bullettrain动车ferryboat渡轮,LRT(light-railtransit)轻轨tracktransportation轨道交通,passengerstation客运站real-timetrafficmonitoring交通实时监控BRT(busrapidtransit)快速公交系统,farebox投币箱communicationhub交通枢纽,ticketvendor售票机CRH(ChinaRailwayHigh-speedTrain)中国高速铁路II.Generalknowledge1.CityplanningCityplanning.doc2.BRTBRT.doc3.NewurbanismNewUrbanism.doc4.LibraryinCanada5.STOPsignHongKongTorontoNewYorkSeattleSanFranciscoDetroitLosAngelesVancouverMontrealUndergroundtrain,SeoulIII.TextA(P96-98)1.Modernistplanning-outofareformmovementinreactiontotheindustrialcitiesofthenineteenthcentury-initialthrusttodiminishtheexcessesofindustrialcapitalism-mediatingbetweentwogroupsofcapitalists-beingcharacterizedby“fordism”-earlymodernistplannersholdingutopianattitudes2.Problemswithmodernistplanning-crisisontwolevels:*inequality,segmentation,alienation*citiesforwhat?whatvaluesregulatingurbanlife?meaningofcivicidentity?-uniformity,inhumanity(abstraction,universalism)-localdimensionneglectedandover-centralized3.Post-modernism-“post-fordism”-characterizedbytheemergenceofnewinformation-basedindustriessuchasIT-tore-establishhistoricalties(re-enchantment)-“pluralistic”and“organic”strategies(acollage)-forareturntothehumanscaleandthere-creationofcommunity-tofindwaystoexpresstheaestheticsofdiversity4.Implicationsofpost-modernism-theaccommodationofasmall-scaleapproach-sensitivitytolocalinterestsandcontext-keythemes:sensitivity,inclusiveness,communitybuilding,smallscaleorientation-recapturingsomeclassicalaspectsofplanning