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英语语法中专业术语的翻译词类partsofspeech实词notionalwordnounpronounverbadjectiveadverbnumeral虚词formwordarticleprepositionconjunctioninterjection名词noun//缩写n.☆普通名词commonnoun(类名词classnoun/集体名词collectivenoun/物质名词materialnoun/抽象名词abstractnoun)☆专有名词propernoun☆可数名词countablenoun不可数名词uncountablenoun☆单数singular/()/number复数plural//number☆名词的格caseofnoun主格nominative//case宾格objective//case所有格possessive//case冠词article//缩写art.☆定冠词definite(肯定的、确切的)article不定冠词indefinitearticle数词numeral//缩写num.☆基数词cardinal//numeral序数词ordinal//numeral连词conjunction//缩写conj.☆等立连词coordinativeconjunction从属连词subordinativeconjunction☆简单连词simpleconjunction☆关连连词correlativeconjunction☆分词连词participleconjunction☆短语连词phrasalconjunction感叹词interjection缩写int.代词pronoun//缩写pron.☆人称代词personalpronoun☆物主代词possessivepronounnominalpossessivepronoun名词性物主代词objectivepossessivepronoun形容词性物主代词☆自身代词self-pronoun☆相互代词reciprocal//pronouneg:eachother☆指示代词demonstrative//pronoun☆疑问代词interrogative//pronoun☆关系代词relativepronoun☆不定代词indefinitepronouneg:somesomething……介词preposition//缩写prep.☆简单介词simplepreposition☆复合介词compoundpreposition☆二重介词doublepreposition☆短语介词phrasalpreposition☆分词介词participlepreposition☆介词短语prepositionalphrase形容词adjective//缩写adj.☆比较等级degreesofcomparison☆原级positivedegree☆比较级comparativedegree☆最高级superlativedegree副词adverb//缩写adv.☆普通副词ordinaryadverb☆疑问副词interrogative//adverb☆关系副词relativeadverb☆连接副词conjunctiveadverb动词verb//缩写v.☆限定动词finite//verb非限定动词nonfinite//verb(动词不定式infinitive/动名词gerund/'dʒerənd//分词participle/独立结构absoluteconstruction)☆实义动词notional//verb连系动词linkverb情态动词modal//verb助动词auxiliary//verb☆及物动词transitive//verb不及物动词intransitiveverb☆动词短语phrasalverb动词的基本形式principalformsoftheverb☆动词原形rootformoftheverb☆过去式pasttenseform规则动词regularverb不规则动词irregularverb☆过去分词pastparticiple☆现在分词presentparticiple☆时态tense句子sentence句子成分membersofthesentence☆主语subject//☆谓语predicate//谓语动词predicateverb☆表语predicative//☆宾语objective//☆定语attribute//☆状语adverbial//☆同位语apposition//☆句子的独立成分independentelementsofthesentence☆插入语parenthetical//statement句子的分类classificationofthesentence☆陈述句declarative//sentencepositive肯定negative否定的☆疑问句interrogative//sentence一般疑问句generalquestion/特殊疑问句specialquestion/选择疑问句alternativequestion/反义疑问句disjunctivequestion☆祈使句imperative//sentence☆感叹句exclamatory//sentence☆简单句simplesentence☆并列句compoundsentence☆复合句complexsentence并列句和复合句compoundsentenceandcomplexsentence☆关联词connective☆主语从句subjectclause☆表语从句predicativeclause☆宾语从句objectiveclause☆直接引语directspeech间接引语indirectspeech☆定语从句attributiveclause☆状语从句adverbialclause时态tense时态tense☆时间time☆方面aspect☆一般时态indefinitetense一般现在时presentindefinitetense一般过去时pastindefinitetense一般将来时futureindefinitetense一般过去将来时future-in-the-pastindefinitetense☆进行时态continuoustense现在进行时presentcontinuoustense过去进行时pastcontinuoustense将来进行时futurecontinuoustense过去将来进行时future-in-the-pastcontinuoustense☆完成时态perfect//tense现在完成时presentperfecttense过去完成时pastperfecttense将来完成时futureperfecttense☆完成进行时态perfectcontinuoustense过去将来完成时pastfutureperfecttense现在完成进行时presentperfectcontinuoustense过去完成进行时pastperfectcontinuoustense☆时态一致sequenceoftenses语态voice☆主动语态activevoice☆被动语态passivevoice语气mood☆直陈语气indicativemood☆祈使语气imperativemood☆虚拟语气subjunctivemood☆词法morphology//☆句法syntax//☆词序wordorder☆形式主语formalsubject☆形式宾语formalobject☆省略ellipsis//☆倒装inversion//☆句子分析sentenceanalysis☆名词短语nounphrase☆代词短语pronominalphrase☆形容词短语adjectivalphrase☆动词短语verbphrase☆副词短语adverbialphrase