新概念第二册第15课

ListenandanswerHowdidIfeelwhenIwentintoMr.Harmsworth’soffice?DidMr.HarmsworthaskItoleaveornot?ThesecretarytoldmethatMr.Harmsworthwouldseeme.IfeltverynervouswhenIwentintohisoffice.HedidnotlookupfromhisdeskwhenIentered.AfterIhadsatdown,hesaidthatbusinesswasverybad.Hetoldmethatthefirmcouldnotaffordtopaysuchlargesalaries.Twentypeoplehadalreadyleft.Iknewthatmyturnhadcome.'Mr.Harmsworth,'Isaidinaweakvoice.'Don'tinterrupt,'hesaid.ThenhesmiledandtoldmeIwouldreceiveanextrathousandpoundsayear!NewWord-1secretary[ˈsekrətri]秘书，书记员，干事，文书拓展：secretarialadj.秘书的,书记的secretarybookcase写字台secretn.秘密,秘诀,奥秘adj.秘密的,隐秘的,幽静的SecretaryofState国务秘书，国务卿NewWord-2nervous[ˈnɜ:vəs]adj.精神紧张的getnervous变得紧张Ialwaysgetsonervousaboutgoingonstage.我上台就会变得很紧张;与worried和upset的对比：Benervous对现在发生的事情的紧张Worried为以后的事担心Upset为以前的事不安NewWord-3afford[əˈfɔ:d]及物动词vt.1.买得起;有足够的...(常与can,could,beableto连用)Affordtodosth有能力做某事Affordsth负担得起什么东西couldnotaffordto(否定）不可能支付造句1：莉莉没有能力去买一个新的自行车。Lilycannotaffordtobuyanewbike.2.给予，提供造句：跳舞给我们带来快乐。Dancingaffordsuspleasure.NewWord-4Weak[wi:k]adj.1.弱的,虚弱的;衰弱的Sheisstillweakafterherlongillness.久病之后她仍很虚弱。2.软弱的,懦弱的;优柔寡断的Heisamanofweakcharacter.他这个人性格软弱。3.(能力等)弱的,差的[(+at/in)]Hewasweakinmathematics,butgoodatEnglish.他数学差,但英语好。4.(论据等)不充分的,无说服力的Theevidenceheproducedwasveryweak.他拿出的证据很不充分。NewWord-5Interrupt[ˌɪntəˈrʌpt]v.interruptionn中断；干扰Disturbsb打扰某人Interruptsb打断某人的话1.打断(讲话或讲话人)Idon‘twanttointerruptyou.Goonwithyourstory.我不想打断你。请把你的故事讲下去。2.中断;遮断;阻碍Thewarinterruptedthetradebetweenthetwocountries.战争使两国间的贸易中断了。NewWord-6ThesecretarytoldmethatMr.Harmsworthwouldseeme.Would在这里不单单指过去将来时，更表示想……，要……例：Whatwouldyouliketohave?HedidnotlookupfromhisdeskwhenIentered.lookup表示先埋头干什么，之后抬头看。反义词：lookdown向下看Lookdownonsb瞧不起某人（词义非常重）NewWord-7Hetoldmethatthefirmcouldnotaffordtopaysuchlargesalaries.paysalaries:支付薪水collectsalary:领薪水如此：so,suchso的后面加形容词或副词such的后面加名词，允许在该名词前加修饰词Iknewthatmyturnhadcome.Myturnhascome.（书面语）It‘smyturn.（口语）NewWord-8Isaidinaweakvoice.ina...Voice用……的声音inaloud（大声）/low（低声）/weak（强调心理不踏实）/strong（理直气壮）voiceThenhesmiledandtoldmeIwouldreceiveanextrathousandpoundsayear!以下几个词都可以表示“再”或“又”的意思，注意用法：extra,other,more,another最灵活的是moremore可以放数词和名词之间，甚至可以放在整个名词的后面extra和other一定放在数词和名词之间，another一定放在数词前面记住几个短语：oneextrathousand;twoothers;oncemore;anotherthreedays间接引语的概念课文摘录：“ThesecretarytoldmethatMr.Hamsworthwouldseeme.”直接引语和间接引语的概念引述别人的话语一般采用两种方式:一是原封不动地引用原话,把它放在括号内,叫作直接引语;二是用自己的话加以转述,这叫间接引语.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)陈述句Janesaid,“I’mveryhappytohelpyou.”简说：“我很高兴能够帮助你。”that引导的宾语从句Janesaidthatshewasveryhappytohelpyou.简说，她很高兴能帮助你。2.1陈述句直接引语转换间接引语直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)一般疑问句Heaskedme,“Doyoulikeplayingbasketball?”他问我：“你喜欢打篮球吗？”whether/if引导的宾语从句Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedplayingbasketball.他问我，我是否喜欢打篮球。2.2疑问句直接引语转换间接引语直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)特殊疑问句Mysisteraskedme,“Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?”他问我：“你感觉这部电影怎么样？”wh-词引导的宾语从句MysisteraskedmewhatIthoughtofthefilm.他问我，我对这部电影感觉怎么样。2.3特殊疑问句直接引语转换间接引语直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)祈使句Hesaid，“Beseated,please.”他对我们说：“请坐。”带to的不定式Heaskedustobeseated.他请我们坐下。2.4祈使句直接引语转换间接引语1.人称的转换直接引语转换间接引语1直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称，如：Hesaid，“Iamverysorry.”——Hesaidthathewasverysorry.2直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称，如：“Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime,”myfathertoldme.——MyfathertoldmethatIshouldbemorecarefulthenexttime.3直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。如：Shesaidtoherson,“I'llcheckyourhomeworktonight.”——Shesaidtohersonthatshewouldcheckhishomeworkthatnight.4人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等。如：Heaskedme,“Willyougotothestationwithmetomeetafriendofminethisafternoon?”——HeaskedmewhetherIwouldgotothestationwithhimtomeetafriendofhisthatafternoon.总之，人称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合逻辑。直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)一般现在时“Iknowit,”hesaid.一般过去时Hesaidthatheknewit.2.时态的转换直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)现在进行时“I’mmakingcoffeeforyouall,”shesaid.过去进行时Shesaidshewasmakingcoffeeforusall.2.时态的转换直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)一般过去时“IsawherlastMonday,”hesaid.过去完成时HesaidhehadseenherthepreviousMonday.2.时态的转换直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)过去进行时“IwaswaitingforJim,”shesaid.过去完成进行时ShesaidshehadbeenwaitingforJim.2.时态的转换直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)现在完成时“Ihaveseenherbefore,”saidhe.过去完成时Hesaidhehadseenherbefore.2.时态的转换直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)过去完成时“DoyouknowRickhadbeenillinbedformanydaystillhedied?”Jackasked.过去完成时JackaskedifIknewRickhadbeenillinbedformanydaystillhedied.2.时态的转换直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)一般将来时Hesaid:“Weshallstarttomorrow.”过去将来时Hesaidtheywouldstartthenextday.2.时态的转换由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况下从句的时态不变:1.不变的真理Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Waterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0℃.”→Theteachertoldthestudentsthatwaterfreezeswhenthetemperaturefallsbelow0℃.特例说明2.当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，如：Healwayssays,“Iamtiredout.”—Healwayssaysthatheistiredout.3.当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，如：Hewillsay,“I’lltrymybesttohelpyou.”—Hewillsaythathewilltryhisbesttohelpme.一.句型之间的转换1．Hesaid:“I’veleftmybookinmyroom.”2．Shesaid:“Hewillbebusy.”3．ShesaidtoTom,“Canyouhelpme?”4．Sheasked,“Isthisbookyoursorhis?”5．Theteacherasked,“howdidyourepairit?”Exercise-1句型转换练习一.句型之间的转换6．Theteachersaidtothestudents,“Don’twasteyourtime.”7．Themothersaid,“Tom,getupearly,please.”8．Theteachersaid,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”9．Myfathersaid,“Practicemakesperf