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四级复习选词填空练习及讲解Passage1ThefloodofwomenintothejobmarketboostedeconomicgrowthandchangedU.S.societyinmanyways.Manyin-homejobsthatusedtobedone(1)_____bywomen——rangingfromfamilyshoppingtopreparingmealstodoing(2)_____work——stillneedtobedonebysomeone.Husbandsandchildrennowdosomeofthesejobs,a(3)_____thathaschangedthetargetmarketformanyproducts.Oraworkingwomanmayfaceacrushing“povertyoftime”andlookforhelpelsewhere,creatingopportunitiesforproducersoffrozenmeals,childcarecenters,drycleaners,financialservices,andthelike.Althoughthereisstillabigwage(4)_____betweenmenandwomen,theincomeworkingwomen(5)_____givesthemnewindependenceandbuyingpower.Forexample,womennow(6)_____abouthalfofallcars.Notlongago,manycarsdealers(7)______womenshoppersbyignoringthemorsuggestingthattheycomebackwiththeirhusbands.Nowcarcompanieshaverealizedthatwomenare(8)_____customers.It’sinterestingthatsomeleadingJapanesecardealerswerethefirstto(9)______payattentiontowomencustomers.InJapan,fewerwomenhavejobsorbuycars——theJapanesesocietyisstillverymuchmale—oriented.Perhapsitwasthe(10)_____contrastwithJapanesesocietythatpromptedAmericanfirmstopaymoreattentiontowomenbuyers.A）scaleB）retailedC）generateD）extremeE）technicallyF）affordableG）situationH）reallyI）potentialJ）gapK）voluntaryL）excessiveM）insultedN）purchaseO）primarilyPassage2Thebiggestsafetythreatfacingairlinestodaymaynotbeaterroristwithagun,butthemanwiththe(1)______computerinbusinessclass.Inthelast15years,pilotshavereportedwellover100(2)______thatcouldhavebeencausedbyelectromagneticinterference.Thesourceofthisinterference(3)_______unconfirmed,butincreasingly,expertsarepointingtheblameatportableelectronicdevicesuchasportablecomputers,radioandcassetteplayersandmobiletelephones.RTCA,anorganizationwhichadvisestheaviation（航空）industry,hasrecommendedthatallairlinesban（禁止）suchdevicesfrombeingusedduring(4)_______stagesofflight,(5)_______-take-offandlanding.Someexpertshavegonefurther,callingforatotalbanduringallflights.Currently,rulesonusingthesedevicesareleftuptoindividualairlines.Andalthoughsomeairlinesprohibitpassengersfromusingsuchequipmentduringtake-offandlanding,mostare(6)______toenforceatotalban,giventhatmanypassengerswanttoworkduringflights.Thedifficultyis(7)_______howelectromagneticfieldsmightaffectanaircraft’scomputers.Expertsknowthatportabledeviceemitradiationwhich(8)_______thosewavelengthswhichaircraftusefornavigationandcommunication.But,becausetheyhavenotbeenabletoreproducetheseeffectsinalaboratory,theyhavenowayofknowingwhethertheinterferencemightbedangerousornot.Thefactthataircraftmaybevulnerable（易受损的）tointerferenceraisestheriskthatterroristsmayuseradiosystemsinordertodamagenavigation(9)_______.Asworrying,though,isthepassengerwhocan’theartheinstructionstoturnoffhisradiobecausethemusic’stoo(10)_______.A)definiteB)incidentsC)effectsD)remainsE)criticalF)particularlyG)reluctantH)refreshingI)portableJ)enormousK)predictingL)liberalM)affectsN)equipmentO)loudPassage3Ifoursocietyeverneededareadingrenaissance(复兴),it’snow.TheNationalEndowmentfortheArtsreleased“ReadingatRisk”lastyear,astudyshowingthatadultreading(1)_____havedropped10percentagepointsinthepastdecade,withthesteepestdropamongthose18to24.“Onlyonehalfofyoungpeoplereadabookofanykindin2002.Wesetthebaralmostontheground.Ifyoureadoneshortstoryinateenagermagazine,thatwouldhave(2)_____,”lamentsadirectorofresearchandanalysis.He(3)______thelossofreaderstotheboomingworldoftechnology,whichattractswould—beleisurereaderstoE-mail,IMchats,andvideogamesandleavesthemwithnotimetocopewithanovel.“Thesenewformsofmediaundoubtedlyhavesomebenefits,”saysStevenJohnson,authorofEverythingBadIsGoodforYou.Videogames(4)______problem—solvingskills;TVshowspromotementalgymnasticsby(5)_______viewerstofollowcomplexstorylines.Butbooksofferexperiencethatcan’tbegainedfromtheseothersources,from(6)_______vocabularytostretchingtheimagination.“Ifthey’renotreadingatall,”saysJohnson,“that’sahugeproblem.”Infact,fewerkidsarereadingforpleasure.Accordingtodata(7)_______lastweekfromtheNationalCenterforEducationalStatistic’slong-termtrendassessment,thenumberof17-year-oldswhoreportedneverorhardlyeverreadingforfun(8)_______from9percentin1984to19percentin2004.Atthesametime,the(9)_______of17-year-oldswhoreaddailydroppedfrom31to22.Thisslowbutsteadyretreatfrombookshasnotyettakenatollonreadingability.Scoresforthenation’syouthhave(10)_______constantoverthepasttwodecadeswithanencouragingupswingamong9-year-olds.Butgiventhestrongapparentcorrelationbetweenpleasurereadingandreadingskills,thismeanspoorlyforthefuture.A)percentB)remainedC)roseD)ratesE)percentageF)countedG)relievedH)presentI)BelievingJ)releasedK)forcingL)improveM)StylesN)buildingO)attributesPassage4Supposewebuiltarobotto(1)_____theplanetMars.Weprovidetherobotwithseeingdetectorstokeepitawayfrom(2)_____.Itisentirelypoweredbythesun.Shouldweprogramtherobottobeequallyactiveatalltimes?No.Therobotwouldbeusingupenergyatatimewhenitwasnotreceivingany.Sowewouldprobablyprogramitto(3)______itsactivityatnightandtowakeupatdawnthenextmorning.Accordingtotheevolutionary(进化