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第一单元chasevt.runaftersb.orsth.inordertocatchthem追逐；追赶Mydoglikeschasingrabbits.我的那条狗喜欢追逐兔子。Wewerechasedbyabullwhilecrossingthefield.我们穿过田地时，有一条公牛追逐着我们。crueltyn.[C,U]behaviorthatmakespeopleoranimalssuffer残酷；残忍Thebooktellsreadersthecrueltyoftheslavetradeatthattime.这本书告诉了读者在那个时候奴隶买卖的残忍。Thefarmerwasaccusedofcrueltytoanimals.这个农民被指控残酷虐待动物。pessimistica.expectingthatbadthingswillhappeninthefutureorthatsth.willhaveabadresult悲观的Thetoneofthemeetingwasverypessimistic.该会议的气氛非常悲观。Thedoctorsarepessimisticabouthischancesofrecovery.医生们对他康复的可能性感到悲观。conquestn.1.[U]theprocessofgainingcontroloversth.throughgreateffort征服；控制TheconquestofinflationhasbeentheGovernment'seconomicpriority.控制通货膨胀一直是政府经济工作的重点。Hefinallymadetheconquestofthediseasecometrue.他最后战胜了那疾病。2.[sing.,U]theactoftakingcontrolofacountry,city,etc.byforce征服；攻占AftertheNormanConquesttheforestbecamearoyalhuntingpreserve.在诺曼征服之后，这片森林就成了皇家狩猎地。Theempirehadexpandedlargelythroughmilitaryconquest.帝国的扩张主要是通过军事占领。bankrupta.withoutenoughmoneytopaywhatoneowes破产的Thecompanywasdeclaredbankrupt.这家公司被宣布破产。Fiveyearsagoshewasasuccessfulactress,butnowsheisbankrupt.五年前她是一个成功的演员，可是现在她一贫如洗了。motiven.[C]areasonfordoingsth.动机Whywouldshehavekilledhim?Shehasnomotive.她为什么会杀他呢？她没有任何动机。Whatisthemotivebehindthebombing?爆炸背后有什么动机？worshipvt.admireandlovesb.verymuch崇拜；敬重；仰慕Heworshippedhiswife.他很崇拜妻子。Hewasamusedbythewayyoungeractorsworshippedandcopiedhim.年青演员崇拜他、模仿他的方式使他感到很有意思。spurvt.encouragesb.ormakethemwanttodosth.鼓励；刺激Herdifficultchildhoodspurredherontosucceed.她艰难的童年激励她去取得成功。Mytrainerspurredmetokeepupapaceoffourmilesanhour.我的教练鼓励我保持每小时4英里的节奏。luren.[C]sth.thatattractspeople,orthequalityofbeingabletodothis诱惑Fewcanresistthelureofadventure.几乎没有人抵挡得住历险的吸引力。Itisthelureofmoneythatbringsthemtothecity.是金钱的诱惑使他们来到了这城市。drownv.1.haveaverystrongfeelingoraseriousproblemthatisdificulttodealwith沉浸于Reliefagenciesaredrowninginfrustration.救济机构都沉浸于沮丧之中。IfeltasifIweredrowninginsleep.我感到自己好像沉浸在睡眠之中。2.diefrombeingunderwaterfortoolong,ortokillsb.inthisway（使）淹死Manypeopledrownedwhentheboatoverturned.翻船时有许多人淹死了。Hedrownedinaboatingaccident.他在一次划船事故中淹死了。imperiala.1.greatandmagnificent壮丽的；宏大的Thehouseishugeandalmostimperial.房子很大，极其壮丽。Itissaidthatfewplacesonearthoffersuchimperialscenicbeautyasthis.据说世界上很少有地方像这里有如此壮观的美景。2.relatingtoanempireortothepersonwhorulesit帝国的；皇帝的thedeclineofanimperialpower强盛帝国的衰败Britain'simperialexpansioninthe19thcentury英帝国在19世纪的扩张agentn.1.[C]sb.whosejobistohelpanactor,artist,etc.findwork经纪人Abest-sellingwriterneedsagoodagent.畅销书作家需要好的经纪人。Myagenthasanewscriptformetolookat.我的经纪人有一个新剧本要我看一看。2.[C]apersonorcompanythatrepresentsanotherpersonorcompany,esp.inbusiness代理人；代理商OuragentinNewYorkdealswithallUSsales.我们在纽约的代理商处理所有的美国销售业务。hastenvt.makesth.happensoonerormorequickly加快；加速Thetreatmentshereceivedmay,infact,havehastenedherdeath.实际上她接受的治疗加速了她的死亡。Newsofthescandalcertainlyhastenedhisdeparturefromoffice.有关这件丑闻的消息当然加速了他的离职。elevatorn.[C]amachinethatcarriespeopleorgoodsupanddowninabuilding电梯It'sonthesixthfloor—let'staketheelevator.它在六层，让我们坐电梯吧。Somepeopleweretrappedintheelevator.有些人被困在了电梯里。blurn.[C]sth.thatonecannotrememberorseeclearly模糊的记忆；模糊不清的事物Theeventsofthatdaywerejustablur.那天所发生的事情简直就是一片模糊，记不清楚。Mymemoryofmychildhooddaysisonlyablur.我对童年只有些模糊的记忆。idlea.notworkingorproducinganything不工作的；闲着的Theworkershavebeenidleforthelastsixmonths.在过去的六个月，这些工人们都闲着没事干。Themachinestoodidlefortwomonths.机器闲置了两个月。borevt.makesb.loseinterestandbecometiredandimpatient使厌烦Heboreseveryonewithhisstoriesabouthisgirlfriends.他老讲自己女朋友的故事，使每个人都感到厌倦。Beingalonewithababyalldayboredhertodeath.整天一个人和一个婴儿在一起使她厌倦死了。boreda.tiredandimpatient厌烦的Itwasacold,wetdayandthechildrenwerebored.那天很冷，又潮湿，孩子们都烦闷了。Hewasgettingboredwithdoingthesamethingeveryday.每天都做同样的事，他变得厌倦了。continuityn.[U]thestateofcontinuingforaperiodoftime连贯（性）；连续（性）Thenovelfailstoachievenarrativecontinuity.这部小说在叙述的连贯性上是失败的。Hisspeechlackscontinuityinlogic.他的演说缺乏逻辑的连贯性。sustainvt.makesth.continuetoexistforaperiodoftime维持；使...持续Shemanagedtosustaineveryone'sinterestuntiltheendofherspeech.她设法使得每个人的兴趣都保持到她演讲结束。Kangarooscansustainhighspeedsoverlongdistances.袋鼠能高速行进很长的距离。minutea.verysmall极小的Herwriting'ssominutethatit'sdifficulttoread.她的字迹太小了，很难认。Theproblemwascausedbyminuteparticlesofdustgettinginthediskdrive.问题是由进入到磁盘驱动器上的灰尘微粒引起的。discountvt.1.regardsth.asunlikelytobetrueorimportant忽视；低估Youshouldn'tdiscountthepossibilityofhimcomingback.你们不应该不相信他回来的可能性。Muchofwhathesaysmustbediscounted.他说的很多话不可信。2.reducethepriceofsth.降低价格；打折Thestorediscountsallitsmerchandise.这家商店的所有商品都打折。Heaskedtodiscount15%fromtheprice.他要求打八五折。n.[C]areductionintheusualpriceofsth.折扣Theyusuallygiveyouadiscountifyoubuymorethantencopies.如果你买十本以上，他们通常给你打折扣。Theyoffera10percentdiscountonrailtravelforstudents.他们向乘火车旅行的学生提供九折优惠。plotn.1.[C]thestoryofabook,film,play,etc.（小说、电影、戏剧等的）情节Thefilmhasaverysimpleplot.这部电影的情节非常简单。Theplotsofhisbooksarebasicallyallthesame.他写的书在情节上基本都是一样的。2.[C]asecretplan阴谋；密谋Theplotwasdiscoveredbeforeitwascarriedout.这密谋还没进行就已被发现。ThepolicehavefoiledaplottoassassinatethePresident.警方挫败了一起暗杀总统的阴谋。moviemakern.[C]sb.whomakesfilms,esp.adirectororpro