口译课件

ChallengInterpreting：ACoursebookofInterpretingSkillsLecturer:NiuHuaxu(牛化旭）Thedefinitionofinterpreting课本定义梅德明：Interpretingisakindofcommunicativeactiontransmittingonelanguagetoanotherlanguageaccuratelyandquicklythroughtheoralforminordertoexchangeinformation,whichisakindofcommunicativetoolonwhichmandependsinthecourseofcross-culturalactivitiesamongallkindsofnationals(MeiDeming,2000:6)ThecharacteristicsofinterpretationProfessorMeiDeming,afamousexpertofinterpretinginChina,hassummarizedthefeaturesofinterpretingintothefollowingfiveaspects,namely,extemporaneousness(即席性）,stressfulness（现场气氛压力）,independence（个体性操作）,comprehensiveness（综合性的语言操作活动））andmiscellaneousness（内容包罗万象）.(2006:7-10)口译应该属于传播学（communicationstudies)的范畴,译员是交际双方的桥梁，其目的是使双方的交际顺利进行。口笔译的差别策略：意译（freetranslation)vs直译(literaltranslation)工作环境：口译，现场性，时限性工作方法：口译，独自完成反馈形式：口译，双向，Paralinguisticinformation笔译，单向，无法获得反馈质量标准：口译”准，顺，快“笔译”信，达，雅“口译分类根据信息传送形式：交替传译（交传consecutiveinterpreting）[视频]胡锦涛和奥巴马共同会见记者-CCTV视频点播.mp4同声传译（同传simultaneousinterpreting）陈冠希道歉.flv美国总统奥巴马发表演讲全程.mp4视阅口译（视译sightinterpreting)耳语口译（whisperinginterpreting)接力口译（relayinterpreting)根据传译方向单向口译（one-way)双向口译（two-way)根据场合或操作内容：会议口译（conferenceinterpreting)法庭口译（courtinterpreting)社区口译（communityinterpreting)西方很发达（电话公司）会谈口译（negotiationinterpreting)导游口译（guideinterpreting)幻灯片同传根据信息传递媒介电话口译（telephoneinterpreting）电视口译网络口译Interpretingasaprofession口译的历史口译早于笔译产生（interpretationmusthaveantedatedtranslation）《礼记·王制》中记载：“五方之民，言语不通，嗜欲不同。达其志，通其欲，东方曰寄，南方曰像，西方曰狄鞮，北方曰译。”Twointernationalconferences:Parispeaceconference(consecutive,FrenchandEnglish)theNurembergtrialsoftheNaziwarcriminal(simultaneous,English,French,Russian,GermanSincethen,interpretationhasbecomeaninternationallyrecognizedprofession.well-paid,admirableprofession,gold-collarYoucangetapaymentof5000yuanforonedayofservice.However，youmusthavebeentotallyqualifiedbeforeyoutakeyourfirsttask.Evenyouonlyfailonce,youmaylosetheopportunitytobecomeaninterpreter.Asaninterpreter,youshouldtrytoestablishyourownreputation.译员的分类专职译员公务员译员（各级政府部门，如外交部）公司译员兼职译员（大学教师，某些双语环境下成长起来的人(在欧美国家常见）)自由人译员（freelanceinterpreter)口译考试上海中高级口译资格证书（上海世博会招聘社区志愿者，要求有中级口译资格证）国家人事部口笔译考试（一级，二级，三级，一级最高，翻译资格证书考试---高翻证）口译员应具备的素质掌握笔译的技巧（基础）良好的听力（一天6-8个小时的训练量）掌握中国英语（ChineseEnglish，China’sEnglish)建立自己的英汉对应词汇改革开放，体制改革，计划生育，和谐社会，等等harmonioussocialistsociety社会主义和谐社会soundandfastdevelopment又快又好的发展people'swell-being“民生”tosafeguardsocialfairnessandjustice维护社会公平和正义newsocialistcountryside社会主义新农村basicliving/subsistenceallowancesystemforruralresidents农村最低生活保障制度minimumliving/subsistenceallowance最低生活补助newtypeofruralcooperativemedicalcaresystem新型农村合作医疗制度methane沼气corporate/enterpriseincometax企业所得税propertylaw物权法overheatedpropertysector房地产市场过热low-renthousing廉租房county-levelcities县级市tosaveenergy,lowerenergyconsumptionandreducepollutantsdischarge节能降耗减排school-agechildren适龄儿童tuitionassistance助学金vocationaleducation职业教育pre-maritalmedicalcheck-up婚前医学检查；婚检doctor-patientrelationship医患关系substandardfoodandmedicine不合标准的食品和药品foodanddrugsafety食品医药安全taxonagriculturalspecialtyproducts农业特产税communityhospitals社区医院communityhealthcaresystem社区医疗保健制度stay-at-homechildren留守儿童ruralmigrantworkers农民工ice-melting/ice-thawingtrip“融冰”之旅diversificationofforeignexchangereserve外汇储备多元化vulnerablegroup/disadvantagedgroup弱势群体掌握口译技巧抓取信息，脱离原语言外壳（deverbalize)短时记忆的技巧（口译成功的前提）笔记的技巧（交传中适用）适当的应对策略表达的技巧数字口译技巧公众演讲技巧译员应具备的其他素质1.广博的知识面（百科全书式的知识anencyclopedicknowledge,ajackofalltrades,butmasterofnone.2.良好的身体和心理素质3.口齿要清楚，伶俐4.快速学习知识和运用知识的能力5.跨文化交际的意识（吃了吗？菜做的不好，请多多包涵？Yourbrideisverybeautiful?新娘子很漂亮？哪里？哪里？句子口译掌握一些套语和常见表达的翻译：您一定是我们期盼已久的客人史密斯博士。Youmustbeourlong-expectedguset,…对不起，还没请教您的尊姓大名呢。Excuseme,butIhaven’thadthehonourofknwoingyou.很高兴与您结识。I’mdelighted/pleasedtomakeyouracquaintance.欢迎您来中国/北京/周口。欢迎，欢迎，您一路辛苦了。Welcometo….Didyouhaveanicetrip?/Howwasthejourney?坐了这么长时间的飞机，您累吗？Howareyouaftersuchalongflight?谢谢您亲自专程来接我。Thankyouverymuchforcomingallthewaytomeetme.不用谢，这是我们应该做的。Pleasedon’tmentionit.Itismypleasure.久仰，久仰！Ihavelongbeenlookingforwardtomeetingyou./Ihavelongdesiredtomeetyou.久违，久违！Ihaven’tseenyouforages./foralongtime./It’sbeensuchalongtimesincewemetlast.我们上车吧。Let’sproceedtothecar.您先请。Afteryou.您慢走。/多保重。Takecare.中国菜讲究色、香、味。Chinesedishesarefamousfortheircolor,flavorandtaste.中国菜习惯/喜欢吗？/DoyoulikeChinesefood?尝尝北京烤鸭。Helpyourselfto/TrysomeroastPekingduck.请别客气。/Makeyourselfathome.菜不好，请多多包涵。Hopeyouhaveenjoyedyourself/thedinner.您过奖了。Thankyou./Youflatteredme.哪里，哪里。I’mgladtohearthat.惭愧，惭愧。It’sverykindofyoutosayso.请多提宝贵意见。Iwouldappreciateyourcomments./Yourcommentsandsuggestionsaremostwelcom.请多批评指正。Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldofferyouradvice.你若在生活和工作中有不尽如意之处，请立即与我联系。Ifyoushouldencounteranyinconveniencesinyourlifeandwork,pleasedon’thesitatetoletmeknow.我很乐意为您排忧解难。I’llbeverygladtohelpyouout.希望您能喜欢这里的生活。Ihopeyouwillenjoyyourstayhere.祝您参观一切顺利。Wishyouallthebestinyourtour/visit.祝您访问圆满成功。Wishyourvisitacompletesuccess.我代表中国政府和人民，并以我个人的名义，向贵国人民致以亲切的问候和良好的祝愿。/Iwouldlike/wisht