Toni Morrison 托尼莫里森

PartI.BiographyPartII.MajorWorksandAwardsPartIV.ABriefAnalysisofBelovedPartIII.WritingFeaturesPartI.BiographofToniMorrisonToniMorrison(1931—)1931194919531955195719581964197019731977198719931996ToniMorrison’sTimeTableToniMorrison•bornFebruary18,1931inLorain,Ohio•grandfatherwasbornaslave•herfamilylosttheirlandandwereforcedtoworkintheminesandmillsoftheindustrializedNorthLorain,Ohio1949--1955•attendedHowardUniversityin1949•receivedaB.A.(BachelorofArts)InEnglishfromHowardin1953•earnedaMasterofArtsdegreefromCornellUniversityin1955•becameanEnglishinstructoratTexasSouthernUniversityaftergraduationin1955.•returnedtoHowardtoteachEnglishin1957.•becameamemberofAlphaKappaAlphaSorority.1955--1957•gotmarriedin1958•gotdivorcedin1964andmovedtoNewYork,workingasaneditor.•beganherwritingcareer.1964-aturningpointofMorrison•becameanEnglishinstructoratTexasSouthernUniversityaftergraduationin1955.•returnedtoHowardtoteachEnglishin1957.•becameamemberofAlphaKappaAlphaSorority.1955--1957•TheBluestEye(1970)•Sula(1974)•SongofSolomon(1977)•TarBaby(1981)•Beloved(1987)•Jazz(1992)•Paradise(1999)•Love(2003)•AMercy(2008)WritingCareer•In1993,MorrisonwasawardedtheNobelPrizeinliterature.——“ToniMorrison,whoinnovelscharacterizedbyvisionaryforceandpoeticinport,giveslifetoanessentialaspectofAmericanreality.”1993•TheNationalEndowmentfortheHumanitiesselectedMorrisonfortheJeffersonLecture.•“Time,itseems,hasnofuture.”•behonoredwiththe1996NationalBookFoundation’sMedalofDistinguishedContributiontoAmericanLetters.1996•In1984,shewasappointedtoanAlbertSchweitzerchair.•From1989—2006,sheheldtheRoberF.GoheenChairatPrincetonUniversity.•InJune2005,shewasawardedasanhonoraryDoctorofLettersdegree.LaterLifePartII.MajorWorksandAwardsNovels•1970TheBluestEye《最蓝的眼睛》•1973Sula《秀拉》•1977SongofSolomon《所罗门之歌》•1981TarBaby《柏油孩子》、《黑宝贝》•1988Beloved《宠儿》•1992Jazz《爵士乐》•1999Paradise《天堂》、《乐园》•1993Love《爱》•2008AMercy《恩惠》Non-fictions•Remember:TheJourneytoSchoolIntegration•TheBlackBook•BirthofaNation'hood•WhatMovesattheMargin•Race-ingJustice,En-genderingPower:EssaysonAnitaHill,ClarenceThomas,andtheConstructionofSocialReality•PlayintheDark:WhitenessandtheLiteraryImaginationChildren'sliterature•TheBookofMeanPeople(2002)•TheBigBox(1999)Plays•DreamingofEmmett(1986)Libretto(歌剧脚本)•MargaretGarner(firstperformedMay2005)OtherworksTheBluestEye——AnovelbasedonelementsofMorrison’sownexperience,contraststwoblackfamilies:thedysfunctional(不正常的)breedlovesandthehealthy,lovingMcTeers.SulaSulaportraystwoblackwomenwhochoosedifferentpathsinlife.SongofSolomon•FlightasaMeansofEscape•AbandonedWomen•TheAlienatingEffectsofRacismTarBaby——Anovelaboutcontentionsandconflictsbasedonlearnedbiasesandprejudices.Thesebiasesexistonaracelevel,genderlevel,andaclasslevel.BelovedMorrison‘sbestnovelandwonherthePulitzerPrizeforFiction（普利策小说奖）.Awards•1977NationalBookCriticsCircleAwardforSongofSolomon•1977AmericanAcademyandInstituteofArtsandLettersAward•1987-88RobertF.KennedyBookAward•1988AmericanBookAwardforBeloved•1988Anisfield-WolfBookAwardinRaceRelationsforBeloved•1988PulitzerPrizeforFictionforBeloved•1989MLACommonwealthAwardinLiterature•1993NobelPrizeforLiterature•1993CommanderoftheArtsandLetters,Paris•1994CondorcetMedal,Paris•1994PearlBuckAwardAwards•1994RhegiumJuliiPrizeforLiterature•1996JeffersonLecture•1996NationalBookFoundation'sMedalofDistinguishedContributiontoAmericanLetters•2000NationalHumanitiesMedalUUA:FredericG.MelcherBookAwardAwardsPartIII.Writingfeaturesby唐光丽1.Powerfulfictionalstyle2.Provocativethemes3.Sophisticatednarrativetechniques4.PoeticstyleWritingfeatures1.PowerfulfictionalstyleInbeloved,PaulD,fellowslavefromKentuckycomestolivewiththem.Sheeventuallytakesoverthehousehold,feedingonSethe'smemoriesandexplanationstogainstrength.BelovednearlydestroyedhermotheruntilthecommunityofformerslavewomenwhohaveostracizedSetheandDenversincethemurderjointogethertoexorciseBelovedatlast.Writingfeatures2.ProvocativethemesA.Strongfeelingoffeministconsciousnessandnationalism.eg,thebluesteyeSulaBelovedB.Describemainlytheimpressionofblackwomenwhoareoppressedbyraceandgender.eg,theprotagonistofbelovedSetheWritingfeaturesInhernovelthebluesteyeandSula,Morrisonexpesseshisstrongfeelingoffeministconsciousnessandnationalism;meanwhile,itsalsorevealthedistortcharacterofblackpeople,forexample,Pecolainthebluesteyesurmisedthatthereasonshewasabusedathomeandridiculedatschoolwasherblackskin,whichwasequatedwithugliness.Sheimaginedthateverythingwouldbeallrightifshehadblueeyesandblondhair.WritingfeaturesC.IntegratethepastandpresentlifeofAfricanAericanstoshowthedistortofcolonialsystem,racialdiscriminationanddissiminationofblackpeople’slife.D.appealtofindthelostcultureandrebulidthenationalism.WritingfeaturesInsula,sheisthepariahofherhometownWiththediscoveryattheageof12thatsheandherfriendNelWrightwereneitherwhitenormale,andthatallfreedomandtriumphwasforbiddentothem,lifeevolvedintoanunlimitedexperiment.Notboundbyanysocialcodes,Sulawasfirstthoughttobeunusual,thenoutrageous,andeventuallyevilWritingfeaturesInsongofsolomon,Morrisonexpresseshernationalism.TheM