comparison and contrast对比 英文写作

ComparisonandContrastLectureFocus•DefinitionsofComparisonandContrast•BasicFeatures–Selectyourtopics–Setyourpurpose–Organizeyourideas–Developcohesion&style•StepstoWriting:–Brainstorming–Drafting–Revising•SuggestedActivities/HomeworkWhatYouShouldKnowComparison-contrastisacommonmethodofdevelopmentthatinvolvesfocusingonsimilaritiesanddifferences---ormorelikelyononeortheother---inordertomakeapoint.Whenawriteriscomparing,heispointingoutthesimilaritiesthatexistbetweensubjectsoritems(suchaspersons,things,orideas).Whenawriteriscontrasting,heispointingoutthedifferencesbetweensubjectsoritems,eventhetwodifferentaspectsofthesamesubject(e.g.,theadvantagesvs.thedisadvantagesofapersonalcomputer).SelectyourtopicsActivity:Examinethefollowinggroupsoftopics.Pleasepickoutthegroupsthatyouthinkareappropriatefordiscussingsimilaritiesanddifferences,andexplainwhyyouthinktheyareappropriateforcomparison/contrast.buyingacarvs.leasingacarorangesandbananasShakespeareandLuXunamusicianandanarchitectmaleandfemaleattitudesaboutmarriageActivityBroadCategoriesNarrowed-downTopicstwobookstwoauthorstwoTVprogramstworestaurantstwoathletesSetYourPurpose•Informativecomparisons:toexplaindifferencesbetweensubjects.Thistypeofwritinggenerallydoesnotrecommendoneitemasbeingbetterthantheothers.•Persuasivecomparisons:topersuadereadersthatonesubjectissuperiortoothers.Organizeyourideassubject-by-subjectpoint-by-pointSubject-by-subjectorganizationSubjectA:Point1Point2Point3Point4SubjectB:Point1Point2Point3Point4Example•ProfessorYang:classroominstruction•homework•exam•grading••ProfessorWu:classroominstruction•homework•exam•gradingPoint-by-pointorganizationPoint1:SubjectASubjectBPoint2:SubjectASubjectBPoint3:SubjectASubjectBPoint4:SubjectASubjectBExample•ClassroominstructionProfessorYang•ProfessorWu••HomeworkProfessorYang•ProfessorWu••ExamProfessorYang•ProfessorWu••GradingProfessorYang•ProfessorWu•StepstoWritingActivity1:GroupDiscussionPleaseworkwithyourfellowstudentstofindouteverythingthatyouknowaboutKFCandMcDonald’s.Youmayusethefollowingcharttohelpyoufindouttheusefulinformation.Step1:BrainstormingKFCMcDonald’sLocationFoodPriceServiceCouponsDinningEnvironmentOthersuggestedtopicsDalianDepartmentStorevs.MACAL(VictoryPlaza)Hymallvs.Walmart(orCarrefour)Twobighotelsyou’veworkedforActivity2:Discusswithyourclassmatesonthechartabove.Choosetheideasthatseemtopairoff.Eliminatethosethatdon’tpairoffwellandseemirrelevanttoourcomparison.Youmaydevelopabetter-organizedchartthistime.KFCMcDonald’sLocationFoodPriceServiceCouponsDinningEnvironmentStep2:Drafting1.DevelopingaTopicSentenceActivity1:PleasewriteatopicsentenceforaparagraphwhichcontrastsKFCandMcDonald’s.________________________________________________Activity2:Lookatyourtopicsentenceonceagain.Doesitgeneralizethecentralideainyourwriting?Isitapointofview,ratherthanasimpleandplainfact?Isyourtopicsentencesharpandclearlyfocused?Reviseyourtopicsentence.____________________________________________________________________.2.OrganizingyourparagraphActivity1:Pleasechooseadevelopingpatterntoorganizeyourideas.Workoutyouroutlineinthefollowingblanks.SubjectbySubjectPatternT.S.:___________________________________Subject1:_______________________________Sub-topic1:________________________Sub-topic2:________________________Sub-topic3:_________________________……Subject2:________________________________Sub-topic1:________________________Sub-topic2:________________________Sub-topic3:________________________……PointbyPointPatternT.S.:____________________________________Point1:_______________________________Subjecta:________________________Subjectb:________________________Point2:_______________________________Subjecta:________________________Subjectb:________________________Point3:_______________________________Subjecta:________________________Subjectb:________________________……Developcohesion&styleActivity:Doyouknowothertransitionalwordsorexpressionsforcomparisonandcontrast?Makealistofthem.ShortConjunctionsLongerExpressionsSimilarly,Likewise,...thesame......thesameas......also......,too.bothInthesameway,XissimilartoYinthat(they)...XandYaresimilarinthat(they)...LikeX,Y[verb]...Inlikemanner,OnewayinwhichXissimilartoYis(that)...AnotherwayinwhichXissimilartoYis(that)...Similarities:Differences:ShortConjunctionsSubordinatingConjunctionsHowever,Incontrast,Bycontrast,...,but...,yetOntheotherhand,eventhough+[sentence]although+[sentence]whereas+[sentence]unlike+[sentence]while+[sentence]nevertheless,AssignmentStudentsinDawai&StudentsinDUTLiberalartsstudentsvs.sciencestudentsChineseteachersvs.foreignteachersTwotouristplacesIhavebeentoMypublicimagevs.mytrueselfLivinginDalianvs.livinginmyhometownWorkingforalargecompanyvs.runningone’sbusinessGrowingupinabig&Growingupinasmalltown/village