Spend--cost--pay---take区别及练习题

spendcostpaytake的区别spend，cost，take和pay的区别是历年考试的必考内容之一，虽然它们都可以表示花费，但用法却不尽相同，讲解如下spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：(1)spendtime／moneyonsth.在……上花费时间/金钱例：Ispenttwohoursonthismathsproblem.这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2)spendtime／money(in)doingsth.花费时间(金钱)做某事。例：Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(3)spendmoneyforsth.花钱买……。例：Hismoneywasspentforbooks.他的钱用来买书了。cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示值，常见用法如下：(1)sth.costs(sb.)＋金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。例：Anewcomputercostsalotofmoney.买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。(2)(doing)sth.costs(sb.)＋时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。例：Rememberingthesenewwordscosthimalotoftime.他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：(1)Ittakessb.＋时间＋todosth.做某事花了某人多少时间。例：Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。(2)doingsth.takessb.＋时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。例：Repairingthiscartookhimthewholeafternoon.他花了一下午修车。pay的基本用法是：(1)pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付钱(给某人)买……。例：Ihavetopaythem20dollarsforthisroomeachmonth.我每个月要付20美元的房租。(2)payforsth.付……的钱。例：Ihavetopayforthebooklost.我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3)payforsb.替某人付钱。例：Don‘tworry!I'llpayforyou.别担心，我会给你付钱的。(4)paysb.付钱给某人。例:Theypayuseverymonth.他们每月给我们报酬。(5)paymoneyback还钱。例：MayIborrow12yuanfromyou?I'llpayitbacknextmonth.你能借给我12块钱吗？下月还你。(6)payoffone'smoney还清钱。习题：1用几种不同的表达方式翻译：这件外套花费了我100元。。1.Ihavetothem20poundsforthisroomeachmonth.A.payB.paidC.costD.took2.TheyspendtoomuchtimethereportA.writingB.towriteC.onwritingD.write3.--Whatbeautifulshoesyou’rewearing!Theymustbeexpensive.--No，theyonly——l0yuan．A．spentB．tookC．paidD．cost4.--Willyoupleaseformydinner,Peter?--Sure!A.spendB.payC.costD.take5.Itwillmetoomuchtimetoreadthisbook.A.takeB.costC.spendD.pay6.Thissciencebook____meagreatamountofmoney.A.tookB.costC.usedD.spent7.MayIborrow12yuanfromyou?I'llitbacknextweek.A.takeB.costC.payD.spend8.Itwohoursonthismathsproblemyesterday.A.takeB.costC.payD.spent9.Repairingthiscarhimthewholeafternoon.A.tookB.costC.payD.spent五．完成句子（1）买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。（cost）（2）他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。（take）（3）我每个月要付20美元的房租。（pay）（4）他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。（cost）（5）造这座桥花了他们两年时间。（spend）答案：①Ispend100yuanonthiscoat.=Ispend100yuantobuythiscoat.②Thecoatcostme100yuan.=Itcostme100yuantobuythiscoat.③Ipaid100yuanforthiscoat.④Ittakesme100yuantobuythiscoat.1-8AADBABCDAnewcomputercostsalotofmoney.Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.Ihavetopaythem20dollarsforthisroomeachmonth.Rememberingthesenewwordscosthimalotoftime.Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.