外文翻译--运算放大器的原理和应用

Operationalamplifiertheoryandapplications1theprincipleofop-ampOpampisthemostwidelyusedofadevice,althoughthedifferentstructureofdifferentoperationalamplifier,buttheexternalcircuit,itscharacteristicsarethesame.Opampisusually4parts,biascircuits,inputstage,intermediate-level,outputlevel,whichisgenerallyusedinputstagedifferentialamplifiercircuit(inhibitorypower),themiddleclassingeneraltheuseofactiveloadcircuitloadsthetotalradio(increasethemagnification),thecomplementaryoutputstagegenerallysymmetricaloutputstagecircuit(drivecircuittoincreasethecapacityoftheload),hereisabriefintroductionabouttherealizationofthespecificcomplex.Industries,anoperationalamplifierusedtomeasuretheperformanceofmanyoftheindicators,theactualoperationalamplifierisgenerallybelievedthattheclosertheidealopamp,thebetter,theclassroominvolved,weareonlyaskingtheequivalentinputresistanceofinfinity,infiniteopen-loopgain,Infact,therearemanyotherindicators,Iwill,areyouabriefintroduction,theperformanceofoperationalamplifiersincludingthefiveindicators,open-loopdifferential-modevoltageamplificationfactor,themaximumoutputvoltage,differential-modeinputresistance,outputresistance,commonmoderejectionratioCMRR.(Open-loopdifferential-modeisthemagnificationontheintegrateddeliverywithoutadditionalfeedbackloopincaseofdifferential-modevoltageamplification.Maximumoutputvoltageissayingthatitreferstoacertainvoltage,theintegratedoperationalamplifierisnotthelargestoutputvoltagedistortionpeak-peak.differential-modeinputresistancereflectsthesizeofintegratedoperationalamplifierinputdifferential-modeinputsignaltoobtainthecurrentsizeofthesource.requiringthegreaterthebetter.reflectthesizeoftheoutputresistanceofanintegratedtransportonthesmall-signaloutputloadcapacity.CMRRshownontheintegratedoperationalamplifiercommon-moderejectionofinputsignals,whichisdefinedwiththedifferentialamplifiercircuit.CMRRthebetter.)Figure1op-ampcharacteristiccurveFigure2op-ampinputandoutputterminalmapFigure1isthecharacteristiccurveofamplifierisgenerallyusedonlythelinearpartofcurve.AsshowninFigure2.U-correspondingtotheterminal-,whentheimportationofCanadianU-separatefromtheterminal,theoutputvoltageandinputvoltageU-RP,theRP-callinput.U+correspondingtotheterminal+,whentheinputU+separatefromtheclienttojoin,theoutputvoltageandU+withthephase,socalledin-phaseinput.Output:U0=A(U+-U-);Aknownastheopamp'sopenloopgain(open-loopvoltageamplificationfactor)Inthepracticalapplicationofoftenidealizedopamp,thisisbecausegenerallyspeaking,theinputresistanceOPAMPgreatopen-loopgain,outputresistanceisverysmall,canberegardedasideal,itcanbe:Ri≈∞,Ro≈0,A≈∞.ByA≈∞,beU+≈U-,aresultsimilartothetwoinputscanbeseenasashort-circuit(referredtoasthevirtualshort),iftheinputterminationinthesamedirection,thereverseinputandalmostthesamepotential(referredtoasvirtualland).ByRi≈∞,wecanseethatsimilartotheinputcircuitisequalto0,itcanbeseenastheinputcircuit(knownasthevirtualshutdown).2ApplicationofOperationalAmplifiersHereonlytheapplicationoftheidealoperationalamplifier,theactualopampcanbeseenassimilartoanidealoperationalamplifier.Applicationofoperationalamplifiersisverybroad,hereweonlytalkabouttheop-ampwithsomefocusonothercomponentsofthecomputingcircuit.Applicationofcircuitoperationintermsofcomparisonwithothermoreextensive,andeasytounderstandsomeofthem.Computingtheratioofthecircuitincludingthecircuit,anddifferentialcircuit,integro-differentialcircuit,andtheindexofthenumberofcomputingcircuit.1.Theproportionofthecircuit:Theproportionoftheso-calledcircuitisproportionaltotheinputsignalamplificationcircuit,theratioofthereversecircuitisdividedintotheproportionofthecircuit,thecircuitwiththephaseratio,theratioofdifferentialcircuit.(1)reversetheratioofthecircuit:ReversetheratioofthecircuitshowninFigure3,theinputsignalinputbyaddingRP,thereareFigure3theratioofthereversecircuitschematicsFigure4withtheratioofcircuitschematicsUP=UN=0IP=IN=0KnowfromKirchhoff'slaw:IR=IF（UI-UN）/R=（UN-UO）/RfUO=IFURRThusknowthattheoutputvoltageU0andtheratioofinputvoltageUisaidtherelationshipbetweentheoppositedirection,changingtheratioofcoefficients,namely,tworesistorsofresistancetochangecanchangethevalueofoutputvoltage.Reversetheratioofoperationalamplifiercircuitsfortheperformanceofacertainperformancerequirements,suchastheinputsignaltoacertainloadcapacityrequirements..(2)theratioofthecircuitinthesamedirection(Figure4):Withthereverseratioofthecircuitisessentiallysimilar,apartfromasectionofgroundinthesamedirectionisthereverseinputfromUP=UN=UIIR=IF得：UN/R=(UO-UN)/RfSO:UO=IFURR）（1Soaslongasthecoefficientofchangeintheproportionoftheoutputvoltagecanbechanged,andU0andUithesamedirection,ofcourse,withtheproportionofthecircuitistohaveacertainrequirements,suchastheintegratedoperationalamplifierofthecommonmoderejectionratiorequirements.(3)theratioofdifferentialcircuit(Figure5):UO=)(121IIFUURRInputsignal,respectively,addedtotheRP-phaseinputandinput,thespecificstepsandnotinthefirsttwoarederivedalmostAndintheendbe:Fromthiswecanseethatitisactuallycompleted:twooftheinputdifferentialsignaloperation