搜索
中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLLV–ingform中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLLV-ingform分为现在分词和动名词两种情况。形式上一样，但用法功能不同。其构成方式为：中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLL动词变为v-ing的规则：1.一般在动词后加ing,如：work-workingstudy-studyingdo-doing2.动词以不发音的e结尾，去掉e,加ing。如：like→likingmake—makingwrite—writing3.以重读闭音节结尾末尾只有一个辅音，双写辅音字母再加ing。如：set→settingrun→runningswim→swimmingbegin→beginningforget→forgetting,prefer→preferring4.以ie结尾的变成y再加ing。如：die-dyinglie-lyingtie-tying中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLLV-ing形式的各种时态和语态:时态一般式完成式主动被动doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendone否定式：notdoingsth.复合式：one’sdoingsth.中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLL-ing分词的否定形式是由not加-ing分词构成。如：Notknowinghisaddress,Icoulddonothingbutstayathomeandwait.不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLL-ing分词的一般式和完成式：-ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作；完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如：Beingastudent,hewasinterestedinbooks.作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexaminations.因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLL-ing分词的被动式-ing分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词动作的承受者。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间，-ing分词的被动式有一般被动式(beingdone)和完成被动式(havingbeendone)。如：Havingbeencriticizedbytheteacher,hegaveupsmoking.被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLLV-ing形式在句中所作的成分成分动词形式主语宾语表语定语状语补语动名词现在分词√√√√√√√√中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLL一.V-ingformastheSubject动名词(短语)做主语往往表示经常性/习惯性的动作,且谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。用法：1.直接置于句首充当句子主语Seeingisbelieving.Helpingherismyduty.Collectingstampsisagoodhobby.中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLLV-ingvs.infinitiveasSubject1.______Englishisnotsoeasy.______Englishwellthisyearisnotsopossible.(A.Tolearn/B.Learning)2.______chessisfun.(A.Toplay/B.playing)A/BAB1）作主语时，不定式与动名词一般可以通用。2）表示一种普遍性的事情或一种经验和体会，一般用动名词作主语：3）表示具体动作（指句中有具体的时间、频率、地点、方式状语）或将来的动作不定式作主语。中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLL2以It作形式主语动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样，也可以用it作形式主语。如：It’sratherhappytowalkaroundinabeautifulcity.-Walkingaroundinabeautifulcityisratherhappy.It'sratherhappywalkingaroundinabeautifulcity.中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLLItisn'tworth____thatprogram.A.towatchB.watchedC.watchingD.beingwatchingItis/wasworthdoing……此外还有一些相似的句型：[P31(1)]•ItisawasteoftimedoingItisawasteoftimearguingaboutit.•It’snogood/use/needdoing….做…是没益处/没用/没必要的It’snousewaitinghere.*Itisnoneedtellingherthenews.Thereisnoneed________herthenews.Thereisnoneedtodosth干······没必要，todo不可换为doing.特别注意一些只能用V-ing做主语的句型totell中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLLItisnouse(求救)askingforhelpItisnouse/gooddoingsth做……是没有用处/好处的①中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLLItis/wasworthwhiledoing做……是值得的•Itisworthwhile.(这部是电影值得看的)seeingthemovie②2中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLLIt+is/was+awasteoftimedoing做……是浪费时间的Itisawasteoftime.(玩电脑游戏)playingcomputergames③3中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLLItispleasant/uselessdoing…做……是有乐趣/无用的④Itispleasantwithfriends.(玩)playing4中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLL3.在therebeno+v-ing结构中作主语这事不是开玩笑的Thereisnojokingaboutthematter.△其他常见类似句型：V-ing做宾语Thereisnosenseindoingsth.做…没有道理Thereisnopoint（in）doingsth做…没有意义Thereisnogood/useindoingsth.做…没有好处/用处Thereisnothingworsethandoingsth没有比…更糟糕的没有比考试不及格更糟糕的事情了。Thereisnothingworsethan___________________.考试作弊没有任何意义。Thereisnopoint_____________intheexam.failingintheexamincheating中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLL•归纳：常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：•It+be+awasteoftimedoing做…是浪费时间的•Itis/wasnogood/usedoing做…是没益/用处的•Itis/washardly/scarcelyworthdoing做…不值得•Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing做…是值得的•Thereisnodoing无法……，不允许……中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLL•Thereisnosenseindoing做……没有道理•Thereis/wasnousedoing做……无意义•Thereis/wasnothingworsethandoing•没有比……更糟的•Thereis/wasnopointdoing做……无意义•我们不知道要去哪儿。•Therewasnoknowingwherewewouldgo.•做这件傻事毫无意义。•Thereisnopointdoingsuchasillything.中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLL①作及物动词的宾语。Shelikesdrawingverymuch.；②作某些短语动词的宾语。MaryisthinkingofgoingbacktoNewYork.；③do+限定词（my,some,any,the等）+-ing，表示“做…事”之意，如：WeoftendoourcleaningonSaturdayafternoon.WillyoudoanyshoppingonthisSaturdayafternoon?育才中学二.V-ingasObject中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLL④作介词的宾语：Hersisterisgoodatlearningphysics.Ioftenfishforhourswithoutcatchinganything.⑤作形容词worth,busy等的宾语：Thisbookiswellworthreading.–ing作宾语带有宾语补足语时，要用it作为形式宾语，而将作宾语的-ing后置，如：Wefounditnogoodtalkinglikethat.Doyouthinkitnecessarytryingagain?育才中学中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLL注意1.只能后接动名词作宾语的动词，常见的有avoid，consider，enjoy，keep，finish，suggest,appreciate,dislike，delay，escape，imagine，postpone,mind，miss，practise，excuse，fancy,risk,cannotstand,giveup，putoff，cannothelp，feellike等。如：•我不能不去。•Ican’tavoidgoing．•你是否考虑过找一位挚友?•Haveyouconsideredlookingforonespecialfriend?。中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLLJacksaidthathewouldn'tmind__forus.A.towaitB.waitC.waitingD.waited中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLL2.几乎所有介词，都能用动词-ing形式作宾语，其中很多都是固定搭配。例如：dreamofdoing梦想havedifficulty/trouble(in)doing在……有困难succeedindoing在……成功feellikedoing想要做下列短语中to都是介词：中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLLlookforwardto盼望,objectto反对,payattentionto注意,opposeto反对get/beusedto习惯于,devoteto致力于getdownto着手,listentopayavisitto,agreetobeaccustomedto习惯于，stickto坚持applyoneselfto致力于contributeto有助于berelatedto与…有关中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLL3.动词后只用不定式口诀：两个希望要答应两个要求莫拒绝做到学会作决定不要假装在选择没敢提出来帮助hopewishwantagreepromisedemandaskrefusemanagelearndecidepretendchoosefaildareofferhelp中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLL4.在allow,advise,forbid,permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow／advise／forbid／permit＋名词／代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如：Wedon'tallowsmokinghere．Wedon'tallowanybodytosmokehere．中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLL5．有些动词或短语动词后可接动名词又可接不定式。A.接doing和todo意思基本相同的常见的有:like，love，hate，prefer，continue,begin/startIliketorunnow.（现在想跑）Ilikerunning.（一向喜欢）中专部LLLLLLLLLLKLL既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词B.接do