某低品位萤石矿选矿试验研究

设计（论文）专用纸毕业设计（论文）题目：重庆某低品位萤石矿选矿试验研究学院：国土资源工程学院专业：矿物加工工程专业学生姓名：李冠东（[e-mail]）指导教师：戴惠新（教授）日期：2008年6月11日设计（论文）专用纸TheDissertationofKunmingUniversityofScienceandTechnologyTitle：TheFlotationExperimentofIntergrowthFluoriteofChongqingFaculty：FacultyofLandResourceEngineeringMajor：MineralProcessingEngineeringName：LiGuanDongSupervisor：DaiHuiXinDate：June11,2008设计（论文）专用纸i毕业论文任务书国土资源工程学院矿物加工工程专业2004级学生姓名：李冠东论文题目：重庆某共生型萤石矿选矿实验研究毕业论文的要求毕业论文的内容包括：课题的提出，研究工作的基本前提、假设和条件；模型的建立，实验方案的拟定，基本概念和基本理论，设计计算的主要方法和内容，实验方法、内容及其分析；理论论证，理论在课题中的应用，课题得出的结果及相关的英语资料翻译，字符数不得少于3000；设计时，引用的参考文献不得少于15篇。毕业论文进程安排各阶段名称毕业设计的各阶段内容日期1准备阶段1、选题。2、查阅中外文资料，翻译外文文献。3、了解矿石性质、工艺流程、设备资料等。2008年3月底2试验研究阶段1、试验方案的选择与试验规划。2、现场试验。3、记录及分析数据。2008年4-5月中旬3撰写论文阶段1、试验结果整理、分析及归纳总结。2、起草论文，请导师审阅。3、编写中英文摘要，打印装订论文。2008年5月中旬-6月上旬论文作者签名：导师签名：学院（部）长签字：日期：年月日设计（论文）专用纸ii目录摘要„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„iiiAbstract„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„iv前言„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„1第一章文献综述„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„31.0引言„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„31.1矿物原料特点„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„31.2资源开发利用概况„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„81.3用途与技术经济指标„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„111.4选矿工艺„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„16第二章论文选题的意义及研究的主要内容„„„„„„„„„„„„202.1论文选题的目的及意义„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„202.2研究的主要内容„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„21第三章试验研究方法„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„223.1试样的采取及制备„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„223.2试验方法„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„223.3实验药剂„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„23第四章浮选条件实验„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„244.0引言„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„244.1磨矿细度试验„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„244.2温度试验„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„264.3捕收剂试验„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„294.4小结„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„34第五章现场生产因素分析试验„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„35设计（论文）专用纸iii5.1原矿性质的影响„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„355.2现场磨矿产品分析试验„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„385.3杂质的影响实验„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„405.4实验室模拟过粉碎实验„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„415.5小结„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„42第六章微细粒级影响的解决方案„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„436.1预先脱泥实验„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„436.2粗细分选试验„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„456.3预先分级试验„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„496.4小结„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„52第七章结论„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„53第八章总结与体会„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„54致谢„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„58参考文献„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„60设计（论文）专用纸iv摘要本文的主要内容是重庆某地低品位萤石-重晶石复合型萤石矿的浮选研究，以重庆某选厂为依托，以当地某矿样为主进行的一系列试验研究。试验矿样性质比较复杂，品位存在较大程度的波动，是当地萤石矿经过手选后，粒度较小、品位较低、泥化较重的矿石，是该选厂生产的主要矿石来源。本次研究的目的是利用这种矿石综合回收酸级萤石精粉。研究发现，用油酸做捕收剂时必须在加温的条件下才能取得好的效果。皂化油酸是常温下该类矿石的有效捕收剂，在对比实验中取得了最好的浮选指标。矿石泥化是本次研究的主要方向之一。该类矿石是属于易碎易磨的矿石，经过现场两段一闭路碎矿、一段闭路磨矿后，级机溢流-400目含量达到52.39%，含泥量较高，对浮选过程的影响是极大的。试验研究发现，预先分级和降低磨矿浓度是解决这一问题的有效途径。关键词：萤石，浮选，泥化，皂化油酸，预先分级设计（论文）专用纸vAbstractThemaincontentofthisdissertationisthestudyofalow-gradeandcomplexfluorite–baritefluoriteminewithflotationinafluoritefactoryinChongqing,withthebasisofthisfactory,conductedaseriesofteststoalocalmineralsamplesThiskindofore,whichthenatureisverycomplex,andthegradegreaterdegreeofvolatilitythere,thelocalfluoritemineisahand-selected,smallsize,lowgrade,mudofseriousore,butthemainsourceofthisfactory.Thepurposeofthisstudyistheuseofsuchorecomprehensiverecoveryacid-fluoritepowderanddrilling-baritepowder.Studyfoundthatoleicacidusedtodowhenthecollectormustbeheatedundertheconditionsofgoodresults.Saponificationoleicacidisthenormaltemperatureofsuchoreeffectivecollector,incontrastexperimenthasbeenmadeintheflotationofthebestindicators.Oreisthemud,oneofthemaindirectionsofresearch.Suchoresareeasytomilltheorefragile,afterthesceneofatwo-houseCrushing,asectionofclosed-circuitgrinding,thelevelofheadsofoverflowfrom-400to52.39percent,withahighervolumeofmud,theimpactoftheflotationprocessIsgreat.Pilotstudyfoundthatpre-gradeandlowergrindingsolutiontothisproblemistheconcentrationoftheeffectiveways.Keywords:fluorite,flotation,mud,saponificationoleicacid,thepre-classification设计（论文）专用纸1前言萤石（CaF2），又称氟石，是工业上氟元素的主要来源，是世界上20几种重要的非金属矿物原料之一。它广泛应用于冶金、炼铝、玻璃、陶瓷、水泥、化学工业。重晶石（BaSO4）为含钡硫酸盐矿物，是制取钡和钡化合物的最重要的工业矿物原料。我国萤石矿产资源储量非常丰富，开发利用的历史悠久，但随着萤石及重晶石耗量增加，矿石来源将逐渐由单一矿扩大到共生型萤石-重晶石复合矿。浮选是目前国内外萤石矿山广泛采用的、获得高质量萤氟石精矿的选矿方法，特别是共生萤石矿或者细粒嵌布的萤石矿。对于共生型萤石-重晶石复合矿，由于萤石和重晶石相互伴生，它们的可浮性又极为相似，在常规工艺条件下，浮选分离非常困难。一般先将萤石和重晶石混合浮选，然后进行分离。混合浮选时用油酸作捕收剂，水玻璃作抑制剂。混合精矿的分离，可以采用：1）用糊精或单宁同铁盐及氟硅酸钠抑制重晶石，以油酸浮萤石；2）用烃基硫酸酯浮选重晶石，浮选槽内留下的为萤石精矿。两种浮选办法。通常情况下，为保证萤石精矿高品位的要求，生产上采用第一种方案。本次的实验研究是应企业方的邀请，根据现场的具体情况，依照企业方的要求，全程在现场完成。矿石的性质比较复杂，品位存在较大程度的波动，是当地萤石矿经过手选后，粒度较小、品位较低、泥化较重的矿石，也是该选厂的主要矿石来源。本次研究的目的是利用这种矿石综合回收酸级萤石精粉和钻井级重晶石粉。混合浮选采用YS202为抑制剂，YS201调节PH值在8-9，在用油酸做捕收剂，经过一次粗选，三次精选得到萤石重晶石混合精矿。混合精矿使用新型抑制剂DHY、DHZ抑制重晶石，使萤石与重晶石有效分离，获得合格的萤石精矿。由于矿石种类、性质有很大的差异，并且泥化严重，使浮选指标达不到要求，气泡过粘，泵池跑槽严重，致使工业试验无法连续进行。通过大量的实验，发现造成气泡过粘的主要原因是微细粒的影响，原矿（入磨粉矿）中-400目含量已达到5.71%，而分级机溢流中-400目含量达到52.39%的比例，而有害粒子（-5um）粒级的含量在15%左右。设计（论文）专用纸2试验研究发现，预先分级和脱泥是解决这一问题的有效途径，-100目粒级的预先分出，+100目返回磨机再磨，通过以上调整，现场跑槽现象完全消失，生产过程得以连续进行，现场浮选指标有很大的提高，并且使处理量也大大提高。设计（论文）专用纸3第一章文献综述1.0引言萤石，又称氟石，是一种常见的卤化物矿物，主要成分为氟化钙，是工业上氟元素的主要来源，是世界上20几种重要的非金属矿物原料之一。它广泛应用于冶金、炼铝、玻璃、陶瓷、水泥、化学工业。纯净无色透明的萤石可作为光学材料，色泽艳丽的萤石亦可作为宝玉石和工艺美术雕刻原料。萤石又是氟化学工业的基本原料，其产品广泛用于航天、航空、制冷、医药、农药、防腐、灭火、电子、电力、机械和原子能等领域，用作炼钢、铝生产的熔剂，用来制造乳白玻璃、搪瓷制品、高辛烷值燃油生产中的催化剂等等。随着科技和国民经济的不断发展，萤石已成为现代工业中重要的矿物原料，许多发达国家把它作为一种重要的战略物资进行储备。萤石资源分布十分普遍，世界各大洲都有发现。从成矿地质环境来看，环太平洋成矿带