Academic phrasebank

AcademicPhrasebankIntroducingworkTherearemanywaystointroduceanacademicessayorshortpaper.Mostacademicwriters,however,appeartodooneormoreofthefollowingintheirintroductions:establishthecontext,backgroundand/orimportanceofthetopicindicateanissue,problem,orcontroversyinthefieldofstudydefinethetopicorkeytermsstateofthepurposeoftheessay/writingprovideanoverviewofthecoverageand/orstructureofthewritingIntroductionstoresearcharticlesanddissertationstendtoberelativelyshortbutquitecomplex.Someofthemorecommonmovesinclude:establishingthecontext,backgroundand/orimportanceofthetopicgivingabriefsynopsisoftherelevantliteratureindicatingaproblem,controversyoraknowledgegapinthefieldofstudyestablishingthedesirabilityoftheresearchlistingtheresearchquestionsorhypothesesprovidingasynopsisoftheresearchmethod(s)explainingthesignificanceorvalueofthestudydefiningcertainkeytermsprovidinganoverviewofthedissertationorreportstructureexplainingreasonsforthewriter’spersonalinterestinthetopicExamplesofphraseswhicharecommonlyemployedtorealisethesefunctionsarelistedbelow.Notethattheremaybeacertainamountofoverlapbetweensomeofthecategoriesunderwhichthephrasesarelisted.EstablishingtheimportanceofthetopicfortheworldorsocietyXisfundamentalto…Xhasapivotalrolein…Xisfrequentlyprescribedfor…Xisfastbecomingakeyinstrumentin…Xplaysavitalroleinthemetabolismof…Xplaysacriticalroleinthemaintenanceof…Xshaveemergedaspowerfulplatformsfor…Xisessentialforawiderangeoftechnologies.Xcanplayanimportantroleinaddressingtheissueof…Xsarethemostpotentanti-inflammatoryagentsknown.ThereisevidencethatXplaysacrucialroleinregulating…Xisacommonconditionwhichhasconsiderableimpacton…Inthenewglobaleconomy,Xhasbecomeacentralissuefor…EvidencesuggeststhatXisamongthemostimportantfactorsfor…Xisimportantforawiderangeofscientificandindustrialprocesses.Xsareoneofthemostwidelyusedgroupsofantibacterialagentsand…Thereisagrowingbodyofliteraturethatrecognisestheimportanceof…Xisanimportantcomponentintheclimatesystem,andplaysakeyroleinY.Inthehistoryofdevelopmenteconomics,Xhasbeenthoughtofasakeyfactorin…XsareoneofthemostwidelyusedgroupsofYandhavebeenextensivelyusedfor…EstablishingtheimportanceofthetopicforthedisciplineAkeyaspectofXis…Xisofinterestbecause…Xisaclassicproblemin…AprimaryconcernofXis…Xisadominantfeatureof…Xisanimportantaspectof…Xisafundamentalpropertyof…TheconceptsofXandYarecentralto…Xisattheheartofourunderstandingof…InvestigatingXisacontinuingconcernwithin…Xisamajorareaofinterestwithinthefieldof…Xhasbeenstudiedbymanyresearchersusing…Xhasbeenanobjectofresearchsincethe1960s.Xhasbeenthesubjectofmanyclassicstudiesin…Xhasbeeninstrumentalinourunderstandingof…ThetheoryofXprovidesausefulaccountofhow…CentraltotheentiredisciplineofXistheconceptof…Xisanincreasinglyimportantareainappliedlinguistics.TheissueofXhasreceivedconsiderablecriticalattention.Xhaslongbeenaquestionofgreatinterestinawiderangeoffields.Establishingtheimportanceofthetopic(timeframegiven)Recently,therehasbeenrenewedinterestin…Traditionally,Xshavesubscribedtothebeliefthat…Oneofthemostimportanteventsofthe1970swas…Inrecentyears,therehasbeenanincreasinginterestin…RecentdevelopmentsinXhaveheightenedtheneedfor…Thelasttwodecadeshaveseenagrowingtrendtowards…Recently,researchershaveshownanincreasedinterestin…Overthepastcentury,therehasbeenadramaticincreasein…RecenttrendsinXhaveledtoaproliferationofstudiesthat…XprovedanimportantliterarygenreintheearlyYcommunity.ThepastdecadehasseentherapiddevelopmentofXinmany…Sinceitwasreportedin2005,Xhasbeenattractingalotofinterest.Recently,aconsiderableliteraturehasgrownuparoundthethemeof…RecentdevelopmentsinthefieldofXhaveledtoarenewedinterestin…Thepastthirtyyearshaveseenincreasinglyrapidadvancesinthefieldof…ThechangesexperiencedbyXoverthepastdecaderemainunprecedented.InlightofrecenteventsinX,itisbecomingextremelydifficulttoignoretheexistenceof…SynopsisofliteratureRecentevidencesuggeststhat…Previousstudieshavereported…Severalstudieshavedocumented…StudiesofXshowtheimportanceof…Severalattemptshavebeenmadeto…Anumberofresearchershavereported…PreviousresearchcomparingXandYhasfound…Existingresearchrecognizesthecriticalroleplayedby…RecentlyinvestigatorshaveexaminedtheeffectsofXonY.SurveyssuchasthatconductedbySmith(1988)showedthat…FactorsfoundtobeinfluencingXhavebeenexploredinseveralstudies.AconsiderableamountofliteraturehasbeenpublishedonX.Thesestudies…Inthepasttwodecades,anumberofresearchershavesoughttodetermine…ThefirstseriousdiscussionsandanalysesofXemergedduringthe1970swith…TherehavebeenanumberoflongitudinalstudiesinvolvingXthathavereported…XswerereportedinthefirststudiesofY(e.g.,Smith,1977;SmithandPatel,1977).WhatweknowaboutXislargelybaseduponempiricalstudiesthatinvestigatehow…Smith(1984:217)showshow,inthepast,researchintoXwasmainlyconcernedwith…HighlightingaproblemOneofthemainobstacles…Oneofthegreatestchallenges…Akeyissueisthesafedisposalof…ThemaindisadvantageofXisthat…Xisassociatedwithincreasedriskof…Xisacommondisordercharacterisedby…ItisnowwellestablishedthatXcanimpair…Xisacommon,chroni