对外经贸会计课件_专业英语Chap011

©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-1STOCKHOLDERS’EQUITY:PAID-INCAPITALChapter11©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-2Existenceisseparatefromowners.Anentitycreatedbylaw.Hasrightsandprivileges.Privately,orClosely,HeldPubliclyHeldOwnershipcanbeCorporations©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-3Limitedpersonalliabilityforstockholders.Transferabilityofownership.Professionalmanagement.Continuityofexistence.AdvantagesofIncorporation©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-4Heavytaxation.Greaterregulation.Costofformation.Separationofownershipandmanagement.DisadvantagesofIncorporation©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-5PubliclyOwnedCorporationsFaceDifferentRulesByLAW,publiclyownedcorporationsmust:PreparefinancialstatementsinaccordancewithGAAP.HavetheirfinancialstatementauditedbyanindependentCPA.Complywithfederalsecuritieslaws.SubmitfinancialinformationforSECreview.©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-6Thecostsassociatedwithincorporationareusuallyexpensedimmediately,butamortizedover5yearsfortaxpurposes.FormationofaCorporationEachcorporationisformedaccordingtothelawsofthestatewhereitislocated.TheapplicationforcorporatestatusiscalledtheArticlesofIncorporation.©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-7StockholdersRights¶Voting(inpersonorbyproxy).·Proportionatedistributionofdividends.¸Proportionatedistributionofassetsinaliquidation.RightsofStockholders©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-8CorporateOrganizationChartSecretaryTreasurerControllerOtherVicePresidentsPresidentBoardofDirectorsStockholdersUltimatecontrolStockholdersusuallymeetonceayear.RightsofStockholders©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-9CorporateOrganizationChartSecretaryTreasurerControllerOtherVicePresidentsPresidentBoardofDirectorsStockholdersUltimatecontrolStockholdersusuallymeetonceayear.Stockholderledgersareoftenmaintainedbyastocktransferagentorstockregistrar.RightsofStockholders©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-10Eachunitofownershipiscalledashareofstock.Astockcertificateservesasproofthatastockholderhaspurchasedshares.RightsofStockholders©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-11Whenthestockissold,thestockholdersignsatransferendorsementonthebackofthestockcertificate.RightsofStockholders©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-12CorporateOrganizationChartSecretaryTreasurerControllerOtherVicePresidentsPresidentBoardofDirectorsStockholdersOverallresponsibilityformanagingthecompany.SelectedbyavoteofthestockholdersFunctionsoftheBoardofDirectors©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-13CorporateOrganizationChartSecretaryTreasurerControllerOtherVicePresidentsPresidentBoardofDirectorsStockholdersChiefAccountantContractualandlegalrepresentationCustodianoffundsFunctionsoftheCorporateOfficers©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-14Paid-inCapitalContributionsbyinvestorsinexchangeforcapitalstock.RetainedEarningsRetentionofprofitsearnedbythecorporation.Stockholders'equityisincreasedintwoways.Stockholders’EquityofaCorporation©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-15Themaximumnumberofsharesofcapitalstockthatcanbesoldtothepublic.AuthorizedSharesAuthorizationandIssuanceofCapitalStock©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-16Issuedsharesareauthorizedsharesofstockthathavebeensold.Unissuedsharesareauthorizedsharesofstockthatneverhavebeensold.Usuallysharesaresoldthroughanunderwriter.AuthorizedSharesAuthorizationandIssuanceofCapitalStock©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-17UnissuedSharesTreasurySharesOutstandingSharesTreasurysharesareissuedsharesthathavebeenreacquiredbythecorporation.IssuedSharesOutstandingsharesareissuedsharesthatareownedbystockholders.AuthorizedSharesAuthorizationandIssuanceofCapitalStock©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-18Parvalueisanarbitraryamountassignedtoeachshareofstockwhenitisauthorized.Marketpriceistheamountthateachshareofstockwillsellforinthemarket.Stockholders’Equity©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-19Commonstockcanbeissuedinthreeforms:No-ParCommonStockParValueCommonStockStatedValueCommonStockLet’sexaminethisformofstock.AllproceedscreditedtoCommonStockTreatedlikeparvaluecommonstockStockholders’Equity©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-20Preparethejournalentrytorecordanissuanceof10,000sharesof$2parvaluestockfor$25persharewhichoccurredonSeptember1,2005.Record:Thecashreceived.Thenumberofsharesissued×theparvaluepershareintheCommonStockaccount.TheremainderisassignedtoContributedCapitalinExcessofPar.IssuanceofParValueStock©TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,2005McGraw-Hill/Irwin11-21Thejournalentrytorecordanissuanceof10,000sharesof$2parvaluestockfor$25pershareonSeptember1,2005,shouldincludeacredittocommonstockfortheparvalueofthesharesissued.DateDescriptionDebitCreditSept.1Cash250,000CommonStock20,000ContributedCapitalinExcessof