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新疆师范大学硕士学位论文煤炭资源型城市可持续发展研究——以大同市为例姓名：李波申请学位级别：硕士专业：地理学、自然地理学指导教师：王晓峰2010-06-09-I-1102SO2CODGDP34200712.1%GDP37.5%GDP50%12345-II-AbstractThecoalresource-basedcitywasstartedfromthedevelopingprocessofeconomicandsociety.Whentheyarerichforthecoal,theyhavetofacethechallengeofcoalexhaustionandenvironmentexasperation.Soitisapracticalproblemwhatwehavetofacenowthathowtomakeasustainingprogrammetodevelopatthetimeofconstructingthecoalresource-basedcityinthefuture.NowthispaperusedDatongcity,Shanxiprovinceasanexampletomakearesearchonthelastingofeconomic,economizingresource,protectingtheenvironmentandharmonizingthesociety.Andwereachsomeconclusionsbelow.1TheresouceinDatongisveryinconsistentwiththepatternthatthecityreliesonresoucedeeplysoweshoulddesignagoodplanforthefutureearly.ThecoalinDatongcitymainlybelongtoJurassicandcarboniferoustype.Theformercanbeexploitedforlessthan10years.Althoughthelatterhasbigreserves,itisdifficulttoforecastthecarboniferouscoalfieldbecauseofitsdepth,miningcost,safehiddentrouble,andmarketprospectandecologyeffect.Theeconomicpaternthatthecityreliesoncoalwholelyexistrisks.2ThestructuralenvironmentalpollutioninDatongwhichformedinalongtimecannotbeamelioratedinashortterm.TheenvironmentinDatongdeterioratesobviously.However,theproportionofdischargeofmainpollutanttoGDPisveryhighandunstablewiththecoalindustrialpollutionevident.TheemissionstretchablecoefficientofmainpollutionsuchlikeSO2,CODandwastewaterisunstableanditisverypressingtopreventandcurethepollution.3NowtheDatongcityisfacingalotofproblemswatingtobesolved.Manyfactorschallengethelastingdevelopmentlikeheavy-ladencoalcorporation,safehiddentroubleontheworkersinthewellandfrequentalterationofpractitioners.4Aimingattheresouceexhaustion,environmentexasperationandincreasingsocialpressureweshouldfindaessentialoutlettolastingdevelopmentonthebasisofindustry.Therevenuetaxofcoalindustryhastakenup37.5%intheGDPandthepractitionerstookup12.1%in2007.Thecoalprocessingtakeapercentageof50%above.FromthiswecanseecoalindustryiseconomicmainstayindustryinDatongcity.Atpresentthehighqualitydrivecoalhaslimitedreserves.Atthesametimetheexaustionofcoalresoucedecideswecannotrelyonitmuchly.Soweshoulddothejobsbellowwell.First,weshouldincreasetoprospectcoalrecoursestowintimeand-III-moneyforthesustainingdevelopmentinthefuture.Second,weshouldmakethemanufactureprocesstoimprovetheutilizationratio.Third,weshouldactualizetheindustrialtransformationbymakingthebestuseoftheabundantcoalresourcesandtouristresourcesandtodevelopthesubstitutableindustrieswhichwillbeturnedintotheneweconomicincreasingpoints.Fourth,weshouldimprovetheenvironmentandmakethepeople’slifebetter.Weshouldrecoverthreewastesintegrativelyandmakeanefforttoimprovetheconcentratedheatadditionarea.Fifth,wecanstartwithchangingourideabymakinguseofculturalandeducationaladvantagesindatongcity.ThenwecanactualizethesustainingdevelopmentinDatong.KeyWords:Coal,Resource-basedCity,Sustainingdevelopment,Datong14611.11.2118[1]6311632.1940%[2]100020042005374939382006400024620086000684220098740201011.31.3.11203020706010206019301933196219711976346[3]2207080[4][5]MaynardM.HufschmidtJohnDixon1983[6]BradburyJ.H1983[7][7-8](O'faircheallaigh)[9]A.P.Campbell[10](D.G.Unger)(M.Fried)(A.M.Gill)[11](B.Warren)[12](R.T.Bowels)[11]MarshB1/31/2[13]320801993JeremyJ.Warford4461993SEEAGDP1994J.A.Dixon1988H.T.Odum[14]1996WackernagelEcologicalFootprint1997Costanza33GDP1.8[15]WillianNordhaus[16]ReillyJMJohnHaraden[17-18]R.Hayter&T.J.Barnes[19]J.E.Randall&R.G.Ironside[20]2201.3.2207012070901978[21]---1981198554619811986[22]1978[21]1990198820801986[23]19872209019935199219921994199519961998199920001998[24]52001[25]2003[26]2004200419981999199919981997-1999[27]646200020032005[28]20042008[29]1998[30][31]200719782003651084100108[32]1.41.4.1[33][34]1.4.2198742746[34]199212341.4.3[35]1.4.4•——ecologicaleconomics[36]8461.51.5.11.5.2GDPGDPGDP1GDP[37]=÷GDP94622.11[38]2[24]3[39]4[25][40]2.22-110462-1[41][1]10050-10020-5010-20[42]10[43][42]70%-50%[42]-50%[1][41-43]114680[27]100[44]170[45]426[46][1]11811852-119632-22-12004104-1052.390%200868.7%[47]2.3.1194%90%80%70%[48]2U2006529.71066.077.6%827[47-48]2-212462-21311109987655554433222221[1][46]2-22009134632-32-31949195919691979198919992007%10.6419.4117.518.9626.2134.7844.94%/--0.877-0.1910.1460.7250.8571.2720082.3.212-32-32006%2008.1222-420501001446200130201/330%[48]20082-52-4%199120061991200619912006199120064.016.017.486.4613.7312.114.074.7933.6135.435.578.8614.0417.516.268.34199220072-52008%11.7719.6758.9956.446.716.8797.9597.2416.2938.9161.0447.4617.3117.5198.2098.8149.4721.5939.0649.0283.4722.1389.1699.1219.7141.4240.6953.1632.1921.6296.2695.7517.8528.0647.5345.5517.2015.0098.8895.7913.1229.8852.5145.5511.549.6097.7394.560.6331.8474.3728.230.516.58118.5799.13-6.9720.358.8863.57-7.646.5899.1596.677.2517.6562.2265.841.694.3099.1597.242009370%SO290%NOX67%CO270%[37]2-415462006919011465[52]2-4SO2CODGDP200942009781646324240016003.13.1.138235511206-114333903-40441.41123.1.2200731363989698779%5.3-7.5717-9360-450114430003.1.3182771863237620072